New King James Version
2 Samuel 23:13
13Then three of the thirty chief men went down at harvest time and came to David at the cave of Adullam. And the troop of Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
2 Samuel 23:13 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)And three of the thirty chief went down, and came to David in the harvest time unto the cave of Adullam: and the troop of the Philistines pitched in the valley of Rephaim.
- New International Version (NIV)During harvest time, three of the thirty chief warriors came down to David at the cave of Adullam, while a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
- English Standard Version (ESV)And three of the thirty chief men went down and came about harvest time to David at the cave of Adullam, when a band of Philistines was encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
- New Living Translation (NLT)Once during the harvest, when David was at the cave of Adullam, the Philistine army was camped in the valley of Rephaim. The Three (who were among the Thirty—an elite group among David’s fighting men) went down to meet him there.
Context of 2 Samuel 23:13
11And after him was Shammah the son of Agee the Hararite. The Philistines had gathered together into a troop where there was a piece of ground full of lentils. So the people fled from the Philistines. 12But he stationed himself in the middle of the field, defended it, and killed the Philistines. So the Lord brought about a great victory. Then three of the thirty chief men went down at harvest time and came to David at the cave of Adullam. And the troop of Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim. 14David was then in the stronghold, and the garrison of the Philistines was then in Bethlehem. 15And David said with longing, “Oh, that someone would give me a drink of the water from the well of Bethlehem, which is by the gate!”
Read all of 2 Samuel 232 Samuel 23:13 word by word
וַיֵּרְד֨וּ שְׁלֹשָׁ֜ה מֵהַשְּׁלֹשִׁ֣ים רֹ֗אשׁ וַיָּבֹ֤אוּ אֶל־קָצִיר֙ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד אֶל־מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וְחַיַּ֣ת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים׃Read the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- And threeשְׁלֹשִׁיםshelôshîym shelôshîym · thirtyH7970
- And threeשָׁלֹשׁshâlôsh shâlôsh shelôshâh shelôshâh · threeH7969
- chiefרֹאשׁrô'sh · head: leaderH7218
- went downיָרַדyârad · to go downH3381
- and cameבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): comeH935
- to Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
- in the harvest timeקָצִירqâtsîyr · harvestH7105
- unto the caveמְעָרָהme‛ârâh · caveH4631
- of Adullamעֲדֻלָּם‛ădûllâm · AdullamH5725
- and the troopחַיָּהchay · communityH2416
- of the Philistinesפְּלִשְׁתִּיpelishtîy · PhilistineH6430
- pitchedחָנָהchânâh · to campH2583
- in the valleyעֵ֫מֶק‛êmeq · Valley (of Rephaim)H6010
- of Rephaimרְפָאִיםrâphâ' râphâh · (Valley of) RephaimH7497
Cross-references for 2 Samuel 23:13
- 1 Chronicles 11:15Now three of the thirty chief men went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the army of the Philistines encamped in the Valley of Rephaim.
- 2 Samuel 23:8These are the names of the mighty men whom David had: Josheb-Basshebeth the Tachmonite, chief among the captains. He was called Adino the Eznite, because he had killed eight hundred men at one time.
- Exodus 14:7Also, he took six hundred choice chariots, and all the chariots of Egypt with captains over every one of them.
- Joshua 12:15the king of Libnah, one; the king of Adullam, one;
- Joshua 15:35Jarmuth, Adullam, Socoh, Azekah,
- 1 Samuel 22:1David therefore departed from there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. So when his brothers and all his father’s house heard it, they went down there to him.
- Micah 1:15I will yet bring an heir to you, O inhabitant of Mareshah; The glory of Israel shall come to Adullam.
- 2 Samuel 5:18The Philistines also went and deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim.
- 1 Chronicles 14:9Then the Philistines went and made a raid on the Valley of Rephaim.
- Isaiah 17:5It shall be as when the harvester gathers the grain, And reaps the heads with his arm; It shall be as he who gathers heads of grain In the Valley of Rephaim.
Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23:13
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 13And three of the thirty - The word שלשים shalishim, which we translate thirty, probably signifies an office or particular description of men. Of these shalishim we have here thirty-seven, and it can scarcely be said with propriety that we have thirty-seven out of thirty; and besides, in the parallel place, 1 Chronicles 11:11-47, there are sixteen added. The captains over Pharaoh's chariots are termed שלשים shalishim, Exodus 14:7. The Philistines pitched…Read the comment
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 13The feat at Bethlehem by three of the thirty was the occasion of their being formed into a distinct triad; Abishai 2 Samuel 23:18, Benaiah 2 Samuel 23:20, and a third not named, were probably the three. In the harvest time - An error for “to the rock” (compare the marginal reference). The troop of the Philistines - The word rendered “troop” occurs in this sense only here (and, according to some, in 2 Samuel 23:11), and perhaps in Psalm 68:11. In 2 Samuel…Read the comment
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 8-39Verses 8-39 David once earnestly longed for the water at the well of Bethlehem. It seems to be an instance of weakness. He was thirsty; with the water of that well he had often refreshed himself when a youth, and it was without due thought that he desired it. Were his valiant men so forward to expose themselves, upon the least hint of their prince's mind, and so eager to please him, and shall not we long to approve ourselves to our Lord Jesus, by ready…Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 13The cave of Adullam was where David hid from Saul (see 1 Samuel 22:1). The valley of Rephaim was located between Bethlehem and Jerusalem (see 2 Samuel 5:17–25).Read the comment
Topics related to 2 Samuel 23:13
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on 2 Samuel 23
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
New King James Version — © 1982 Thomas Nelson, Inc
Commentaries