1 Kings 3:1

1 Kings 3:1 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and took Pharaoh’s daughter, and brought her into the city of David, until he had made an end of building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall of Jerusalem round about.
• New International Version (NIV)Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt and married his daughter. He brought her to the City of David until he finished building his palace and the temple of the Lord, and the wall around Jerusalem.
• English Standard Version (ESV)Solomon made a marriage alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt. He took Pharaoh's daughter and brought her into the city of David until he had finished building his own house and the house of the Lord and the wall around Jerusalem.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Now Solomon made a treaty with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and married Pharaoh’s daughter; then he brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall all around Jerusalem.

Context of 1 Kings 3:1

Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, and married one of his daughters. He brought her to live in the City of David until he could finish building his palace and the Temple of the Lord and the wall around the city. 2At that time the people of Israel sacrificed their offerings at local places of worship, for a temple honoring the name of the Lord had not yet been built. 3Solomon loved the Lord and followed all the decrees of his father, David, except that Solomon, too, offered sacrifices and burned incense at the local places of worship.

1 Kings 3:1 word by word

וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה וַיְבִיאֶ֙הָ֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔ד עַ֣ד כַּלֹּת֗וֹ לִבְנ֤וֹת אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־חוֹמַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם סָבִֽיב׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And Solomonשְׁלֹמֹהshelômôh · SolomonH8010
• made affinityחָתַןchâthan · make oneself a daughter’s husbandH2859
• with Pharaohפַּרְעֹהpar‛ôh · PharaohH6547
• kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
• of Egyptמִצְרַ֫יִםmitsrayim · EgyptH4714
• and tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: marryH3947
• daughterבַּתbath · daughterH1323
• and broughtבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): bringH935
• her into the cityעִיר‛îyr ‛âr ‛âyar · cityH5892
• of Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• until he had made an endכָּלָהkâlâh · to end: finishH3615
• of buildingבָּנָהbânâh · to buildH1129
• his own houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: homeH1004
• and the houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: templeH1004
• of the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
• and the wallחוֹמָהchômâh · wallH2346
• of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵםyerûshâlaim yerûshâlayim · JerusalemH3389
• round aboutסָבִיבsâbîyb sebîybâh · aroundH5439

Cross-references for 1 Kings 3:1

• 2 Chronicles 18:1Jehoshaphat enjoyed great riches and high esteem, and he made an alliance with Ahab of Israel by having his son marry Ahab’s daughter.
• Ezra 9:14But even so, we are again breaking your commands and intermarrying with people who do these detestable things. Won’t your anger be enough to destroy us, so that even this little remnant no longer survives?
• 1 Kings 7:8Solomon’s living quarters surrounded a courtyard behind this hall, and they were constructed the same way. He also built similar living quarters for Pharaoh’s daughter, whom he had married.
• 1 Kings 9:24Solomon moved his wife, Pharaoh’s daughter, from the City of David to the new palace he had built for her. Then he constructed the supporting terraces.
• 1 Kings 11:1Now King Solomon loved many foreign women. Besides Pharaoh’s daughter, he married women from Moab, Ammon, Edom, Sidon, and from among the Hittites.
• 2 Samuel 5:7But David captured the fortress of Zion, which is now called the City of David.
• 1 Chronicles 11:7David made the fortress his home, and that is why it is called the City of David.
• 1 Kings 7:1Solomon also built a palace for himself, and it took him thirteen years to complete the construction.
• 1 Kings 6:1It was in midspring, in the month of Ziv, during the fourth year of Solomon’s reign, that he began to construct the Temple of the Lord. This was 480 years after the people of Israel were rescued from their slavery in the land of Egypt.
• 1 Kings 7:13King Solomon then asked for a man named Huram to come from Tyre.
• 2 Chronicles 2:1Solomon decided to build a Temple to honor the name of the Lord, and also a royal palace for himself.
• Ezra 5:11“This was their answer: ‘We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and we are rebuilding the Temple that was built here many years ago by a great king of Israel.
• 1 Kings 9:15This is the account of the forced labor that King Solomon conscripted to build the Lord’s Temple, the royal palace, the supporting terraces, the wall of Jerusalem, and the cities of Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.

Commentaries on 1 Kings 3:1

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 1Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh - This was no doubt a political measure in order to strengthen his kingdom, and on the same ground he continued his alliance with the king of Tyre; and these were among the most powerful of his neighbors. But should political considerations prevail over express laws of God? God had strictly forbidden his people to form alliances with heathenish women, lest they should lead their hearts away from him into idolatry. Let us…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 1What Pharaoh is meant is uncertain. It must have been a predecessor of Shishak (or Sheshonk), who invaded Judaea more than 40 years later 1 Kings 14:25; and probabilities are in favor, not of Psusennes II, the last king of Manetho‘s 21st dynasty, but of Psinaces, the predecessor of Psusennes. This, the Tanite dynasty, had become very weak, especially toward its close, from where we may conceive how gladly it would ally itself with the powerful house of…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 1Solomon's marriage. (1-4) His vision, His prayer for wisdom. (5-15) The judgment of Solomon. (16-28) Verses 1-4 He that loved the Lord, should, for his sake, have fixed his love upon one of the Lord's people. Solomon was a wise man, a rich man, a great man; yet the brightest praise of him, is that which is the character of all the saints, even the poorest, "He loved the Lord." Where God sows plentifully, he expects to reap accordingly; and those that…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1In the ancient Near East, it was common for rulers to form alliances through marriage. Solomon married an Egyptian princess to strengthen ties with Egypt. The Egyptian king gave Solomon the city of Gezer as a wedding gift (1 Kings 9:16), showing respect for Solomon. The Egyptian king was likely Siamun from the weakened 21st dynasty. The alliance was mutually beneficial: Pharaoh gained access to trade routes through Israel, while Solomon increased security…Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 11Ki 3:1. Solomon Marries Pharaoh's Daughter. 1. Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh--This was a royal title, equivalent to "sultan," and the personal name of this monarch is said to have been Vaphres. The formation, on equal terms, of this matrimonial alliance with the royal family of Egypt, shows the high consideration to which the Hebrew kingdom had now arisen. Rosellini has given, from the Egyptian monuments, what is supposed to be a portrait of this…Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Kings 3:1

• Church
• Egyptians
• Jerusalem
• Pharaoh
• Prayer
• Solomon

In the dictionaries

• David
• Egypt
• Jerusalem
• Pharaoh
• Solomon
• City of David
• Pharaoh's Daughter
• Affinity
• David, City of
• Divide

Commentaries on 1 Kings 3

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings