1 Kings 3:1

1 Kings 3:1 in other versions

• King James Version (KJV)And Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and took Pharaoh’s daughter, and brought her into the city of David, until he had made an end of building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall of Jerusalem round about.
• English Standard Version (ESV)Solomon made a marriage alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt. He took Pharaoh's daughter and brought her into the city of David until he had finished building his own house and the house of the Lord and the wall around Jerusalem.
• New King James Version (NKJV)Now Solomon made a treaty with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and married Pharaoh’s daughter; then he brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall all around Jerusalem.
• New Living Translation (NLT)Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh, the king of Egypt, and married one of his daughters. He brought her to live in the City of David until he could finish building his palace and the Temple of the Lord and the wall around the city.

Context of 1 Kings 3:1

Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt and married his daughter. He brought her to the City of David until he finished building his palace and the temple of the Lord, and the wall around Jerusalem. 2The people, however, were still sacrificing at the high places, because a temple had not yet been built for the Name of the Lord. 3Solomon showed his love for the Lord by walking according to the instructions given him by his father David, except that he offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places.

1 Kings 3:1 word by word

וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה וַיְבִיאֶ֙הָ֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔ד עַ֣ד כַּלֹּת֗וֹ לִבְנ֤וֹת אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־חוֹמַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם סָבִֽיב׃Read the interlinear

Words taken from the KJV.

• And Solomonשְׁלֹמֹהshelômôh · SolomonH8010
• made affinityחָתַןchâthan · make oneself a daughter’s husbandH2859
• with Pharaohפַּרְעֹהpar‛ôh · PharaohH6547
• kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
• of Egyptמִצְרַ֫יִםmitsrayim · EgyptH4714
• and tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: marryH3947
• daughterבַּתbath · daughterH1323
• and broughtבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): bringH935
• her into the cityעִיר‛îyr ‛âr ‛âyar · cityH5892
• of Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
• until he had made an endכָּלָהkâlâh · to end: finishH3615
• of buildingבָּנָהbânâh · to buildH1129
• his own houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: homeH1004
• and the houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: templeH1004
• of the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
• and the wallחוֹמָהchômâh · wallH2346
• of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵםyerûshâlaim yerûshâlayim · JerusalemH3389
• round aboutסָבִיבsâbîyb sebîybâh · aroundH5439

Cross-references for 1 Kings 3:1

• 2 Chronicles 18:1Now Jehoshaphat had great wealth and honor, and he allied himself with Ahab by marriage.
• Ezra 9:14Shall we then break your commands again and intermarry with the peoples who commit such detestable practices? Would you not be angry enough with us to destroy us, leaving us no remnant or survivor?
• 1 Kings 7:8And the palace in which he was to live, set farther back, was similar in design. Solomon also made a palace like this hall for Pharaoh’s daughter, whom he had married.
• 1 Kings 9:24After Pharaoh’s daughter had come up from the City of David to the palace Solomon had built for her, he constructed the terraces.
• 1 Kings 11:1King Solomon, however, loved many foreign women besides Pharaoh’s daughter—Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Sidonians and Hittites.
• 2 Samuel 5:7Nevertheless, David captured the fortress of Zion—which is the City of David.
• 1 Chronicles 11:7David then took up residence in the fortress, and so it was called the City of David.
• 1 Kings 7:1It took Solomon thirteen years, however, to complete the construction of his palace.
• 1 Kings 6:1In the four hundred and eightieth year after the Israelites came out of Egypt, in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, the second month, he began to build the temple of the Lord.
• 1 Kings 7:13King Solomon sent to Tyre and brought Huram,
• 2 Chronicles 2:1Solomon gave orders to build a temple for the Name of the Lord and a royal palace for himself.
• Ezra 5:11This is the answer they gave us: “We are the servants of the God of heaven and earth, and we are rebuilding the temple that was built many years ago, one that a great king of Israel built and finished.
• 1 Kings 9:15Here is the account of the forced labor King Solomon conscripted to build the Lord’s temple, his own palace, the terraces, the wall of Jerusalem, and Hazor, Megiddo and Gezer.

Commentaries on 1 Kings 3:1

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 1Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh - This was no doubt a political measure in order to strengthen his kingdom, and on the same ground he continued his alliance with the king of Tyre; and these were among the most powerful of his neighbors. But should political considerations prevail over express laws of God? God had strictly forbidden his people to form alliances with heathenish women, lest they should lead their hearts away from him into idolatry. Let us…Read the comment
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 1What Pharaoh is meant is uncertain. It must have been a predecessor of Shishak (or Sheshonk), who invaded Judaea more than 40 years later 1 Kings 14:25; and probabilities are in favor, not of Psusennes II, the last king of Manetho‘s 21st dynasty, but of Psinaces, the predecessor of Psusennes. This, the Tanite dynasty, had become very weak, especially toward its close, from where we may conceive how gladly it would ally itself with the powerful house of…Read the comment
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 1Solomon's marriage. (1-4) His vision, His prayer for wisdom. (5-15) The judgment of Solomon. (16-28) Verses 1-4 He that loved the Lord, should, for his sake, have fixed his love upon one of the Lord's people. Solomon was a wise man, a rich man, a great man; yet the brightest praise of him, is that which is the character of all the saints, even the poorest, "He loved the Lord." Where God sows plentifully, he expects to reap accordingly; and those that…Read the comment
• Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1In the ancient Near East, it was common for rulers to form alliances through marriage. Solomon married an Egyptian princess to strengthen ties with Egypt. The Egyptian king gave Solomon the city of Gezer as a wedding gift (1 Kings 9:16), showing respect for Solomon. The Egyptian king was likely Siamun from the weakened 21st dynasty. The alliance was mutually beneficial: Pharaoh gained access to trade routes through Israel, while Solomon increased security…Read the comment
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 11Ki 3:1. Solomon Marries Pharaoh's Daughter. 1. Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh--This was a royal title, equivalent to "sultan," and the personal name of this monarch is said to have been Vaphres. The formation, on equal terms, of this matrimonial alliance with the royal family of Egypt, shows the high consideration to which the Hebrew kingdom had now arisen. Rosellini has given, from the Egyptian monuments, what is supposed to be a portrait of this…Read the comment

Topics related to 1 Kings 3:1

• Church
• Egyptians
• Jerusalem
• Pharaoh
• Prayer
• Solomon

In the dictionaries

• David
• Egypt
• Jerusalem
• Pharaoh
• Solomon
• City of David
• Pharaoh's Daughter
• Affinity
• David, City of
• Divide

Commentaries on 1 Kings 3

• Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
• Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
• Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
• Tyndale Open Study Notes
• Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
• Rashi on Tanakh
• Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
• Darby Translation Notes
• Geneva Bible Translation Notes
• Kingcomments
• Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
• Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
• Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
• Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
• EGW Writings