Christian Standard Bible
1 Kings 3:1
1Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt by marrying Pharaoh’s daughter. Solomon brought her to the city of David until he finished building his palace, the Lord’s temple, and the wall surrounding Jerusalem.
1 Kings 3:1 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)And Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and took Pharaoh’s daughter, and brought her into the city of David, until he had made an end of building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall of Jerusalem round about.
- New International Version (NIV)Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt and married his daughter. He brought her to the City of David until he finished building his palace and the temple of the Lord, and the wall around Jerusalem.
- English Standard Version (ESV)Solomon made a marriage alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt. He took Pharaoh's daughter and brought her into the city of David until he had finished building his own house and the house of the Lord and the wall around Jerusalem.
- New King James Version (NKJV)Now Solomon made a treaty with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and married Pharaoh’s daughter; then he brought her to the City of David until he had finished building his own house, and the house of the Lord, and the wall all around Jerusalem.
Context of 1 Kings 3:1
Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt by marrying Pharaoh’s daughter. Solomon brought her to the city of David until he finished building his palace, the Lord’s temple, and the wall surrounding Jerusalem. 2However, the people were sacrificing on the high places, because until that time a temple for the Lord’s name had not been built. 3Solomon loved the Lord by walking in the statutes of his father David, but he also sacrificed and burned incense on the high places.
Read all of 1 Kings 31 Kings 3:1 word by word
וַיִּתְחַתֵּ֣ן שְׁלֹמֹ֔ה אֶת־פַּרְעֹ֖ה מֶ֣לֶךְ מִצְרָ֑יִם וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת־בַּת־פַּרְעֹ֗ה וַיְבִיאֶ֙הָ֙ אֶל־עִ֣יר דָּוִ֔ד עַ֣ד כַּלֹּת֗וֹ לִבְנ֤וֹת אֶת־בֵּיתוֹ֙ וְאֶת־בֵּ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה וְאֶת־חוֹמַ֥ת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם סָבִֽיב׃Read the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- And Solomonשְׁלֹמֹהshelômôh · SolomonH8010
- made affinityחָתַןchâthan · make oneself a daughter’s husbandH2859
- with Pharaohפַּרְעֹהpar‛ôh · PharaohH6547
- kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
- of Egyptמִצְרַ֫יִםmitsrayim · EgyptH4714
- and tookלָקַחlâqach · to take: marryH3947
- daughterבַּתbath · daughterH1323
- and broughtבּוֹאbô' · to come (in): bringH935
- her into the cityעִיר‛îyr ‛âr ‛âyar · cityH5892
- of Davidדָּוִדdâvid dâvîyd · DavidH1732
- until he had made an endכָּלָהkâlâh · to end: finishH3615
- of buildingבָּנָהbânâh · to buildH1129
- his own houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: homeH1004
- and the houseבַּ֫יִתbayith · house: templeH1004
- of the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
- and the wallחוֹמָהchômâh · wallH2346
- of Jerusalemיְרוּשָׁלִַ֫ם, יְרוּשְׁלֵםyerûshâlaim yerûshâlayim · JerusalemH3389
- round aboutסָבִיבsâbîyb sebîybâh · aroundH5439
Cross-references for 1 Kings 3:1
- 2 Chronicles 18:1Now Jehoshaphat had riches and honor in abundance, and he made an alliance with Ahab through marriage.
- Ezra 9:14should we break your commands again and intermarry with the peoples who commit these detestable practices? Wouldn’t you become so angry with us that you would destroy us, leaving neither remnant nor survivor?
- 1 Kings 7:8Solomon’s own palace where he would live, in the other courtyard behind the hall, was of similar construction. And he made a house like this hall for Pharaoh’s daughter, his wife.
- 1 Kings 9:24Pharaoh’s daughter moved from the city of David to the house that Solomon had built for her; he then built the terraces.
- 1 Kings 11:1King Solomon loved many foreign women in addition to Pharaoh’s daughter: Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Sidonian, and Hittite women
- 2 Samuel 5:7Yet David did capture the stronghold of Zion, that is, the city of David.
- 1 Chronicles 11:7Then David took up residence in the stronghold; therefore, it was called the city of David.
- 1 Kings 7:1Solomon completed his entire palace complex after thirteen years of construction.
- 1 Kings 6:1Solomon began to build the temple for the Lord in the four hundred eightieth year after the Israelites came out of the land of Egypt, in the fourth year of his reign over Israel, in the month of Ziv, which is the second month.
- 1 Kings 7:13King Solomon had Hiram brought from Tyre.
- 2 Chronicles 2:1Solomon decided to build a temple for the name of the Lord and a royal palace for himself,
- Ezra 5:11This is the reply they gave us: We are the servants of the God of the heavens and earth, and we are rebuilding the temple that was built many years ago, which a great king of Israel built and finished.
- 1 Kings 9:15This is the account of the forced labor that King Solomon had imposed to build the Lord’s temple, his own palace, the supporting terraces, the wall of Jerusalem, and Hazor, Megiddo, and Gezer.
Commentaries on 1 Kings 3:1
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 1Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh - This was no doubt a political measure in order to strengthen his kingdom, and on the same ground he continued his alliance with the king of Tyre; and these were among the most powerful of his neighbors. But should political considerations prevail over express laws of God? God had strictly forbidden his people to form alliances with heathenish women, lest they should lead their hearts away from him into idolatry. Let us…Read the comment
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 1What Pharaoh is meant is uncertain. It must have been a predecessor of Shishak (or Sheshonk), who invaded Judaea more than 40 years later 1 Kings 14:25; and probabilities are in favor, not of Psusennes II, the last king of Manetho‘s 21st dynasty, but of Psinaces, the predecessor of Psusennes. This, the Tanite dynasty, had become very weak, especially toward its close, from where we may conceive how gladly it would ally itself with the powerful house of…Read the comment
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 1Solomon's marriage. (1-4) His vision, His prayer for wisdom. (5-15) The judgment of Solomon. (16-28) Verses 1-4 He that loved the Lord, should, for his sake, have fixed his love upon one of the Lord's people. Solomon was a wise man, a rich man, a great man; yet the brightest praise of him, is that which is the character of all the saints, even the poorest, "He loved the Lord." Where God sows plentifully, he expects to reap accordingly; and those that…Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1In the ancient Near East, it was common for rulers to form alliances through marriage. Solomon married an Egyptian princess to strengthen ties with Egypt. The Egyptian king gave Solomon the city of Gezer as a wedding gift (1 Kings 9:16), showing respect for Solomon. The Egyptian king was likely Siamun from the weakened 21st dynasty. The alliance was mutually beneficial: Pharaoh gained access to trade routes through Israel, while Solomon increased security…Read the comment
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 11Ki 3:1. Solomon Marries Pharaoh's Daughter. 1. Solomon made affinity with Pharaoh--This was a royal title, equivalent to "sultan," and the personal name of this monarch is said to have been Vaphres. The formation, on equal terms, of this matrimonial alliance with the royal family of Egypt, shows the high consideration to which the Hebrew kingdom had now arisen. Rosellini has given, from the Egyptian monuments, what is supposed to be a portrait of this…Read the comment
Topics related to 1 Kings 3:1
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on 1 Kings 3
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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