Strong G5453φύω
to grow
- Transliteration
- phuō
- Pronunciation
- foo'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
A primary verb; probably originally to puff or blow that is to swell up; but only used in the implied sense to germinate or grow (sprout produce) literally or figuratively: - spring (up).
Detailed definition
φύω
[in LXX: Pro.26:9, Eze.37:8 (עָלָה), etc.;]
1. trans., to bring forth, produce (of men, to beget); pass., to spring up, grow: Luk.8:6, 8.
2. Intrans., in 2 aor., pf., plpf., and rarely in present (see LS, see word, A, II.), to spring up: Heb.12:15.†
(AS)
[in LXX: Pro.26:9, Eze.37:8 (עָלָה), etc.;]
1. trans., to bring forth, produce (of men, to beget); pass., to spring up, grow: Luk.8:6, 8.
2. Intrans., in 2 aor., pf., plpf., and rarely in present (see LS, see word, A, II.), to spring up: Heb.12:15.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5453 appears in 3 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- sprang1
- spring1
- sprung1
First verses
- Luke 8:6And some fell upon a rock; and as soon as it was sprung up, it withered away, because it lacked moisture.
- Luke 8:8And other fell on good ground, and sprang up, and bare fruit an hundredfold. And when he had said these things, he cried, He that hath ears to hear, let him hear.
- Hebrews 12:15Looking diligently lest any man fail of the grace of God; lest any root of bitterness springing up trouble you, and thereby many be defiled;
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
φύω,
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.148, etc.)]; Aeolic dialect φυίω perhaps to be read in [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 97:)]imperfect ἔφυον, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φύεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.347:)]future φύσω [ῡ[Refs 5th c.BC+ (] 1.235, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 438)]: aorist ἔφῡσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.393, etc.)]:—passive and middle,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (9.109, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.28, etc.)]: future φύσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 871, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Mochl.” 42, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 831a, etc.)]: similar in sense are the intransitive tenses, perfect πέφῡκα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.114, etc.)], Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural πεφύᾱσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.484, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.128)]; 3rd.pers. singular subjunctive πεφύῃ (ἐμ-) [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 396)]; Epic dialect participle feminine πεφυυῖα (ἐμ-) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.513, _accusative_ _plural_ πεφυῶτας 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.477)]; Doric dialect infinitive πεφύκειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 173.3)]: pluperfect ἐπεφύκειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.1.9, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 69e)]; Epic dialect πεφύκειν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.109)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἐπέφῡκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 152, “Op.” 149:)]aorist 2 ἔφῡν (as if from φῦμι) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.397, etc.)]: Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φῦ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.253, etc., _3rd.pers._ _plural_ ἔφυν (for ἔφῡσαν, which is also _3rd.pers._ _plural_ of _aorist_ 1) 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.481, etc.)]; subjunctive φύω or φυῶ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 377.2, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 415c, 597c, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ σαρκῶν” 12)]; 3rd.pers. singular optative φύη [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.94, (συμ-) 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 2.89)]; infinitive φῦναι, Epic dialect φύμεναι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.39, φῦν 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 8.10)]; participle φύς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.410, etc.)], Boeotian dialect feminine φοῦσα [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Corinna Lyrica 21: ἔφυσεν, ={ἔφυ}, uncertain in “IG” 14.2126.5 (from Rome))]; conversely ἔφυ, ={ἔφυσεν}, [Refs ([prev. work]3.1350, “Sammelb.” 5883 (from Cyrene))]: later, future φυήσω [LXX (LXX.Isa.37.31)], passive φυήσομαι [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Geoponica” 2.37.1, 4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 21.248c (in 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 19 ἀναφύσεσθαι is restored))]: aorist 2 passive ἐφύην [Refs 4th c.BC+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 18.1.1, probably in “BSA” 28.124 (from Didyma), (ἀν-) 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 4.16.2)]; infinitive φυῆναι [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.6, (ἀνα-) 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 1.7)]; participle φῠείς [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος παιδίου” 22, “Tragica Adespota” 529, “PTeb.” 787.30 (2nd c.BC), NT.Luke.8.6)]: aorist 1 passive συμ-φυθείς [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 7.725)]. [Generally ῠ before a vowel, Epic dialect, Trag. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ((4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 535, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 910.2))], etc., ῡ before a consonant; but φῡει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“Tragica Adespota” 454.2, φῡεται 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 88.4, “Tragica Adespota” 543 (= 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 565); φῡομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 106)]; ἐφῡετο probably in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 680, compare 2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Alexipharmaca” 14, 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 941, 1013)]; even in thesi, προσφῡονται [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Alexipharmaca” 506, φῡουσιν 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 1031)]; also in compounds]
A transitive, in present, future, and aorist 1 active:—bring forth, produce, put forth, φύλλα.. ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.148; τοῖσι δ᾽ ὑπὸ χθὼν δῖα φύεν νεοθηλέα ποίην 14.347, compare 1.235, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.119, etc.; ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 651)]; so τρίχες.., ἃς πρὶν ἔφυσεν φάρμακον made the hair grow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.393, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 535; φ. χεῖρε, πόδε, ὀφθαλμὰ ἀνθρώποις 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.3.19)]; of a country, καρπόν τε θωμαστὸν φύειν καὶ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.122; ὅσα γῆ φύει 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 621a, compare 5th c.BC: Anaxagoras Philosophus 4.)]
2 beget, engender, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 869, etc.; Ἄτλας.. θεῶν μιᾶς ἔφυσε Μαῖαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 3, compare “Tragica Adespota” 454.2)]; so of God creating man, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 4.1.2, compare 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.1065c)]; ὁ φύσας the begetter, father (opposed to ὁ φύς the son, see below [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 1.2), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1019, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1472 (Lyric poetry); ὁ φ. πατήρ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 87; ὁ φ. χἠ τεκοῦσα [prev. author] Alcaeus290; τὴν τεκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν φύσαντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 10.8)]; of both parents, γονεῦσι οἵ σ᾽ ἔφυσαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 436; οἱ φύσαντες 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 34, compare “fragment” 403.2; φ. τε καὶ γεννᾶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 274a; ὦ γάμοι γάμοι, ἐφύσαθ᾽ ἡμᾶς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1404)]; ἥδ᾽ ἡμέρα φύσει σε will bring to light thy birth,[Refs ([prev. work] 438; χρόνος φύει τ᾽ ἄδηλα καὶ φανέντα κρύπτεται [prev. author] “Aj.” 647.)]
3 of individuals in reference to the growth of parts of themselves, φ. πώγωνα, γλῶσσαν, κέρεα, grow or get a beard, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.104, 2.68, 4.29; φ. πτερά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 106, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 251c; σάρκα [prev. author] “Ti.” 74e)]; φ. τρίχας, πόδας καὶ πτερά, etc., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 518a33, 554a29, etc.: for the joke in φύειν φράτερας, see at {φράτηρ}.)]
4 metaphorically, φρένας φῦσαι get understanding, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 804, “El.” 1463 (but also θεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνθρώποις φρένας [prev. author] “Ant.” 683): proverbial, ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν φύσει)] 'once bit, twice shy', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Scholia 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 222b; γέροντα τὸν νοῦν σάρκα δ᾽ ἡβῶσαν φύει 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 622)]; δόξαν φῦσαι get glory or to form a high opinion of oneself, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91; θεὸς.. αἰτίαν φύει βροτοῖς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Niob.” in “PSI” 11.1208.15; αὑτῷ πόνους φῦσαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 647.)]
II in present seemingly intransitive, put forth shoots, εἰς ἔτος ἄλλο φύοντι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 3.101; δρύες.. φύοντι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.75, compare 4.24: so ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει ἡ δ᾽ ἀπολήγει)] one generation is putting forth scions, the other is ceasing to do so, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.149)]; ἐν στήθεσι φύει (perhaps φυίει) grows up, appears, [LXX+7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 97; ῥίζα ἄνω φύουσα ἐν χολῇ LXX.Deu.29.18.)]
B passive, with intransitive tenses of active, aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect, grow, wax, spring up or forth, especially of the vegetable world, θάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.190, compare 5.481; πρασιαὶ παντοῖαι πεφύασιν 7.128; τά γ᾽ ἄσπαρτα φύονται 9.109, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.483, 14.288, 21.352; φύεται αὐτόματα ῥόδα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.138, compare 1.193; ὑπὸ φηγῷ πεφυκυίῃ)]growing there, [Refs ([prev. author] 2.56)]; πεφυκότα δένδρα trees growing there, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.5; τὰ φυόμενα καὶ τὰ γιγνόμενα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 410d, compare “Phd.” 110d, “Plt.” 272a)]; τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει from his head grew horns sixteen palms long, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.109, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 3.133; φύονται πολιαί 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.28)]; κεφαλαὶ πεφυκυῖαι θριξί grown with hair, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.50 (assuming variant); πέφυκε λίθος ἐν αὐτῇ)]is produced, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 1.4: _metaphorically_, νόσημα ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ φυόμενον, φυομένη πόλις, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 564b, “Lg.” 757d)]; ὁ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος [κακῶν] of the things produced, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.159)]; also κατὰ πάντων ἐφύετο waxed great by or upon their depression, [Refs ([prev. work] 19.)]—In this sense aorist 2 is rare (see. above), except in phrases such as ἔν τ᾽ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί (see. ἐμφύω), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.302.)]
B.2 of persons, to be begotten or born, most frequently in aorist 2 and perfect, ὁ λωφήσων οὐ πέφυκέ πω [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 27; τίς ἂν εὔξαιτο βροτὸς ὢν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦνα; [prev. author] “Ag.” 1342 (_anapaest meter_))]; μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον not to be born is best, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1224 (Lyric poetry))]; γονῇ πεφυκὼς.. γεραιτέρᾳ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1294; οὐχ ὑπὸ θυσιῶν οὐδ᾽ ὑπὸ εὐχῶν φύς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 461a)]; φύς τε καὶ τραφείς[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 396c; μήπω φῦναι μηδὲ γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.1.7, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 197a: construed with _genitive_, πεφμκέναι or φῦναί τινος)] to be born or descended from any one, τὸ κοινὸν σπλάγχνον οὗ πεφύκαμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 1036, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1379, etc.; θνατᾶς ἀπὸ ματρὸς ἔφυ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 61, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1359 (Lyric poetry), “Ant.” 562; ἀπ᾽ εὐγενοῦς ῥίζης 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 610; ἀπὸ δρυός 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 34d, etc.; φ. ἔκ τινος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 458, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 325, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 415c, etc.; ἐκ χώρας τινός 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.24, etc.)]; οἱ μετ᾽ ἐκείνου φύντες, opposed to οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου γεγονότες, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 8.30; ἐκ θεῶν γεγονότι.. διὰ βασιλέων πεφυκότι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.24.)]
B.II in present, become, οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς οὔτε φύεται πρὸς χρήμαθ᾽ οἵ τε φύντες.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 88.4; πιστοὺς φύσει φύεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.13)]; the perfect and aorist 2 take a present sense, to be so and so by nature, κακός, σοφός πέφυκα (-κώς), etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 558, 1244, etc.; δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀμήχανος [prev. author] “Ant.” 79)]; φύντ᾽ ἀρετᾷ born for virtue, i.e. brave and good by nature, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).20)]; so of things, τὸ μὲν εὖ πράσσειν ἀκόρεστον ἔφυ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1331 (_anapaest meter_), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 479d, etc.; εὐχροώτεροι ὁρῷντο ἢ πεφύκασιν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.1.41, compare “Oec.” 10.2; [τὸ πῦρ] πέφυκε τοιοῦτον [prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.1.10; τἄλλα ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἔτυχε, πέφυκεν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.56: with Advs., ἱκανῶς πεφυκότες)] of good natural ability, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.1.1; δυσκόλως πεφ. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.6; οὕτως πεφ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.7; also οἱ καλῶς πεφυκότες 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 989, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.20; οἱ βέλτιστα φύντες 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 431c)]: then, simply, to be so and so, φῦναι Ζηνὶ πιστὸν ἄγγελον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 969; θεοῦ μήτηρ ἔφυς [prev. author] “Pers.” 157 (troch.); γυναῖκε.. ἔφυμεν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 62)]; Ἅιδης ὁ παύσων ἔφυ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 575; ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος τῆς ἀληθείας ἔφυ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 469)]: with participle, νικᾶν.. χρῄζων ἔφυν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1052; πρέπων ἔφυς.. φωνεῖν [prev. author] “OT” 9, compare 587; τοῦτο ἴδιον ἔφυμεν ἔχοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.48, compare 11.41, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 4.54.)]
B.II.2 with infinitive, to be formed or disposed by nature to do so and so, τὰ δεύτερα πέφυκε κρατεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 279; πολλῷ γ᾽ ἀμείνων τοὺς πέλας φρενοῦν ἔφυς ἢ σαυτόν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 337; ἔφυν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐκ τέχνης πράσσειν κακῆς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 88, compare “Ant.” 688; φύσει μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν [prev. author] “Ph.” 79; πεφύκασι δ᾽ ἅπαντες.. ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.45, compare 2.64, 3.39, 4.61)], etc.; πέφυκε.. τρυφὴ.. ἦθος διαφθείρειν [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 1.15c.)]
B.II.3 with Preps., γυνὴ.. ἐπὶ δακρύοις ἔφυ is by nature prone to tears, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 928)]; ἔρως γὰρ ἀργόν, κἀπὶ τοῖς ἀργοῖς ἔφυ is inclined to idleness, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “fragment” 322; also ἐπί τι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507e; εἴς τι 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.132; most frequently πρός τι, οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1355a16; εὖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν πεφυκότες 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.1.2; πρὸς πόλεμον μᾶλλον.. ἢ πρὸς εἰρήνην 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 547e; κάλλιστα φ. πρός τι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.3, etc.; also πρός τινι [prev. author] “Ath.” 2.19 (assuming variant, compare 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 9.29.10); also εὖ πεφ. κατά τι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.55.)]
B.II.4 with dative, fall to one by nature, be one's natural lot, πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 860 (Lyric poetry); χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί [prev. author] “Tr.” 440; ἐφύετο κοινὸς πᾶσι κίνδυνος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.18, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.19.)]
B.II.5 impersonal, it is natural, it happens naturally, with infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 14.30, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1261b7, “Po.” 1450a1.)]
B.II.6 absolutely, ὡς πέφυκε as is natural, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.15, +others; ᾗ πέφυκεν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 81e)]; also expressed personally, τοῖς ἁπλῶς, ὡς πεφυκασι, βαδίζουσι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.68: also frequently in)]participle, τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα the order of nature, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.29)]; φύντα, opposed to ὁμολογηθέντα, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Sophista 44 A i 32 (“Vorsokr.” 5))]; ἄνθρωπος πεφυκώς man as he is, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.1.3)]. (Cf. Sanskrit bhū- 'to be, become', Lithuanian búti 'to be', Latin fui, Eng. be, etc.)
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.148, etc.)]; Aeolic dialect φυίω perhaps to be read in [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 97:)]imperfect ἔφυον, Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φύεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.347:)]future φύσω [ῡ[Refs 5th c.BC+ (] 1.235, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 438)]: aorist ἔφῡσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.393, etc.)]:—passive and middle,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (9.109, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.28, etc.)]: future φύσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 871, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Mochl.” 42, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 831a, etc.)]: similar in sense are the intransitive tenses, perfect πέφῡκα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.114, etc.)], Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural πεφύᾱσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.484, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.128)]; 3rd.pers. singular subjunctive πεφύῃ (ἐμ-) [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 396)]; Epic dialect participle feminine πεφυυῖα (ἐμ-) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.513, _accusative_ _plural_ πεφυῶτας 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.477)]; Doric dialect infinitive πεφύκειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 173.3)]: pluperfect ἐπεφύκειν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.1.9, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 69e)]; Epic dialect πεφύκειν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.109)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἐπέφῡκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 152, “Op.” 149:)]aorist 2 ἔφῡν (as if from φῦμι) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.397, etc.)]: Epic dialect 3rd.pers. singular φῦ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.253, etc., _3rd.pers._ _plural_ ἔφυν (for ἔφῡσαν, which is also _3rd.pers._ _plural_ of _aorist_ 1) 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.481, etc.)]; subjunctive φύω or φυῶ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 377.2, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 415c, 597c, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ σαρκῶν” 12)]; 3rd.pers. singular optative φύη [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.94, (συμ-) 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 2.89)]; infinitive φῦναι, Epic dialect φύμεναι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.39, φῦν 4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 8.10)]; participle φύς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.410, etc.)], Boeotian dialect feminine φοῦσα [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Corinna Lyrica 21: ἔφυσεν, ={ἔφυ}, uncertain in “IG” 14.2126.5 (from Rome))]; conversely ἔφυ, ={ἔφυσεν}, [Refs ([prev. work]3.1350, “Sammelb.” 5883 (from Cyrene))]: later, future φυήσω [LXX (LXX.Isa.37.31)], passive φυήσομαι [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Geoponica” 2.37.1, 4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 21.248c (in 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 19 ἀναφύσεσθαι is restored))]: aorist 2 passive ἐφύην [Refs 4th c.BC+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 18.1.1, probably in “BSA” 28.124 (from Didyma), (ἀν-) 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 4.16.2)]; infinitive φυῆναι [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.6, (ἀνα-) 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 1.7)]; participle φῠείς [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος παιδίου” 22, “Tragica Adespota” 529, “PTeb.” 787.30 (2nd c.BC), NT.Luke.8.6)]: aorist 1 passive συμ-φυθείς [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 7.725)]. [Generally ῠ before a vowel, Epic dialect, Trag. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ((4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 535, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 910.2))], etc., ῡ before a consonant; but φῡει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“Tragica Adespota” 454.2, φῡεται 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 88.4, “Tragica Adespota” 543 (= 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 565); φῡομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 106)]; ἐφῡετο probably in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 680, compare 2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Alexipharmaca” 14, 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 941, 1013)]; even in thesi, προσφῡονται [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Nicander Epicus “Alexipharmaca” 506, φῡουσιν 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 1031)]; also in compounds]
A transitive, in present, future, and aorist 1 active:—bring forth, produce, put forth, φύλλα.. ὕλη τηλεθόωσα φύει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.148; τοῖσι δ᾽ ὑπὸ χθὼν δῖα φύεν νεοθηλέα ποίην 14.347, compare 1.235, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.119, etc.; ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 651)]; so τρίχες.., ἃς πρὶν ἔφυσεν φάρμακον made the hair grow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.393, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 535; φ. χεῖρε, πόδε, ὀφθαλμὰ ἀνθρώποις 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.3.19)]; of a country, καρπόν τε θωμαστὸν φύειν καὶ ἄνδρας ἀγαθούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.122; ὅσα γῆ φύει 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 621a, compare 5th c.BC: Anaxagoras Philosophus 4.)]
2 beget, engender, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 869, etc.; Ἄτλας.. θεῶν μιᾶς ἔφυσε Μαῖαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 3, compare “Tragica Adespota” 454.2)]; so of God creating man, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 4.1.2, compare 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.1065c)]; ὁ φύσας the begetter, father (opposed to ὁ φύς the son, see below [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 1.2), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1019, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1472 (Lyric poetry); ὁ φ. πατήρ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 87; ὁ φ. χἠ τεκοῦσα [prev. author] Alcaeus290; τὴν τεκοῦσαν ἢ τὸν φύσαντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 10.8)]; of both parents, γονεῦσι οἵ σ᾽ ἔφυσαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 436; οἱ φύσαντες 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 34, compare “fragment” 403.2; φ. τε καὶ γεννᾶν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 274a; ὦ γάμοι γάμοι, ἐφύσαθ᾽ ἡμᾶς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1404)]; ἥδ᾽ ἡμέρα φύσει σε will bring to light thy birth,[Refs ([prev. work] 438; χρόνος φύει τ᾽ ἄδηλα καὶ φανέντα κρύπτεται [prev. author] “Aj.” 647.)]
3 of individuals in reference to the growth of parts of themselves, φ. πώγωνα, γλῶσσαν, κέρεα, grow or get a beard, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.104, 2.68, 4.29; φ. πτερά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 106, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 251c; σάρκα [prev. author] “Ti.” 74e)]; φ. τρίχας, πόδας καὶ πτερά, etc., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 518a33, 554a29, etc.: for the joke in φύειν φράτερας, see at {φράτηρ}.)]
4 metaphorically, φρένας φῦσαι get understanding, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 804, “El.” 1463 (but also θεοὶ φύουσιν ἀνθρώποις φρένας [prev. author] “Ant.” 683): proverbial, ἁλιεὺς πληγεὶς νοῦν φύσει)] 'once bit, twice shy', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Scholia 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 222b; γέροντα τὸν νοῦν σάρκα δ᾽ ἡβῶσαν φύει 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 622)]; δόξαν φῦσαι get glory or to form a high opinion of oneself, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91; θεὸς.. αἰτίαν φύει βροτοῖς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Niob.” in “PSI” 11.1208.15; αὑτῷ πόνους φῦσαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 647.)]
II in present seemingly intransitive, put forth shoots, εἰς ἔτος ἄλλο φύοντι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 3.101; δρύες.. φύοντι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.75, compare 4.24: so ἀνδρῶν γενεὴ ἡ μὲν φύει ἡ δ᾽ ἀπολήγει)] one generation is putting forth scions, the other is ceasing to do so, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.149)]; ἐν στήθεσι φύει (perhaps φυίει) grows up, appears, [LXX+7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 97; ῥίζα ἄνω φύουσα ἐν χολῇ LXX.Deu.29.18.)]
B passive, with intransitive tenses of active, aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect, grow, wax, spring up or forth, especially of the vegetable world, θάμνος ἔφυ ἐλαίης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.190, compare 5.481; πρασιαὶ παντοῖαι πεφύασιν 7.128; τά γ᾽ ἄσπαρτα φύονται 9.109, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.483, 14.288, 21.352; φύεται αὐτόματα ῥόδα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.138, compare 1.193; ὑπὸ φηγῷ πεφυκυίῃ)]growing there, [Refs ([prev. author] 2.56)]; πεφυκότα δένδρα trees growing there, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.5; τὰ φυόμενα καὶ τὰ γιγνόμενα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Cratylus” 410d, compare “Phd.” 110d, “Plt.” 272a)]; τοῦ κέρα ἐκ κεφαλῆς ἑκκαιδεκάδωρα πεφύκει from his head grew horns sixteen palms long, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.109, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 3.133; φύονται πολιαί 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 4.28)]; κεφαλαὶ πεφυκυῖαι θριξί grown with hair, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.50 (assuming variant); πέφυκε λίθος ἐν αὐτῇ)]is produced, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Vectigalibus” 1.4: _metaphorically_, νόσημα ἐν ὀλιγαρχίᾳ φυόμενον, φυομένη πόλις, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 564b, “Lg.” 757d)]; ὁ σπέρμα παρασχών, οὗτος τῶν φύντων αἴτιος [κακῶν] of the things produced, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.159)]; also κατὰ πάντων ἐφύετο waxed great by or upon their depression, [Refs ([prev. work] 19.)]—In this sense aorist 2 is rare (see. above), except in phrases such as ἔν τ᾽ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρί (see. ἐμφύω), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.302.)]
B.2 of persons, to be begotten or born, most frequently in aorist 2 and perfect, ὁ λωφήσων οὐ πέφυκέ πω [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 27; τίς ἂν εὔξαιτο βροτὸς ὢν ἀσινεῖ δαίμονι φῦνα; [prev. author] “Ag.” 1342 (_anapaest meter_))]; μὴ φῦναι τὸν ἅπαντα νικᾷ λόγον not to be born is best, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1224 (Lyric poetry))]; γονῇ πεφυκὼς.. γεραιτέρᾳ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1294; οὐχ ὑπὸ θυσιῶν οὐδ᾽ ὑπὸ εὐχῶν φύς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 461a)]; φύς τε καὶ τραφείς[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 396c; μήπω φῦναι μηδὲ γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.1.7, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 197a: construed with _genitive_, πεφμκέναι or φῦναί τινος)] to be born or descended from any one, τὸ κοινὸν σπλάγχνον οὗ πεφύκαμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 1036, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1379, etc.; θνατᾶς ἀπὸ ματρὸς ἔφυ 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 61, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1359 (Lyric poetry), “Ant.” 562; ἀπ᾽ εὐγενοῦς ῥίζης 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 610; ἀπὸ δρυός 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 34d, etc.; φ. ἔκ τινος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 458, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 325, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 415c, etc.; ἐκ χώρας τινός 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.24, etc.)]; οἱ μετ᾽ ἐκείνου φύντες, opposed to οἱ ἐξ ἐκείνου γεγονότες, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 8.30; ἐκ θεῶν γεγονότι.. διὰ βασιλέων πεφυκότι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.24.)]
B.II in present, become, οὐδεὶς ἐχθρὸς οὔτε φύεται πρὸς χρήμαθ᾽ οἵ τε φύντες.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 88.4; πιστοὺς φύσει φύεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.13)]; the perfect and aorist 2 take a present sense, to be so and so by nature, κακός, σοφός πέφυκα (-κώς), etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 558, 1244, etc.; δρᾶν ἔφυν ἀμήχανος [prev. author] “Ant.” 79)]; φύντ᾽ ἀρετᾷ born for virtue, i.e. brave and good by nature, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).20)]; so of things, τὸ μὲν εὖ πράσσειν ἀκόρεστον ἔφυ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1331 (_anapaest meter_), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 479d, etc.; εὐχροώτεροι ὁρῷντο ἢ πεφύκασιν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.1.41, compare “Oec.” 10.2; [τὸ πῦρ] πέφυκε τοιοῦτον [prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.1.10; τἄλλα ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, ὅπως ἔτυχε, πέφυκεν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.56: with Advs., ἱκανῶς πεφυκότες)] of good natural ability, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.1.1; δυσκόλως πεφ. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.6; οὕτως πεφ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.7; also οἱ καλῶς πεφυκότες 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 989, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.20; οἱ βέλτιστα φύντες 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 431c)]: then, simply, to be so and so, φῦναι Ζηνὶ πιστὸν ἄγγελον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 969; θεοῦ μήτηρ ἔφυς [prev. author] “Pers.” 157 (troch.); γυναῖκε.. ἔφυμεν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 62)]; Ἅιδης ὁ παύσων ἔφυ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 575; ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος τῆς ἀληθείας ἔφυ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 469)]: with participle, νικᾶν.. χρῄζων ἔφυν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1052; πρέπων ἔφυς.. φωνεῖν [prev. author] “OT” 9, compare 587; τοῦτο ἴδιον ἔφυμεν ἔχοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.48, compare 11.41, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 4.54.)]
B.II.2 with infinitive, to be formed or disposed by nature to do so and so, τὰ δεύτερα πέφυκε κρατεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Fragmenta.” 279; πολλῷ γ᾽ ἀμείνων τοὺς πέλας φρενοῦν ἔφυς ἢ σαυτόν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 337; ἔφυν γὰρ οὐδὲν ἐκ τέχνης πράσσειν κακῆς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 88, compare “Ant.” 688; φύσει μὴ πεφυκότα τοιαῦτα φωνεῖν [prev. author] “Ph.” 79; πεφύκασι δ᾽ ἅπαντες.. ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.45, compare 2.64, 3.39, 4.61)], etc.; πέφυκε.. τρυφὴ.. ἦθος διαφθείρειν [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 1.15c.)]
B.II.3 with Preps., γυνὴ.. ἐπὶ δακρύοις ἔφυ is by nature prone to tears, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 928)]; ἔρως γὰρ ἀργόν, κἀπὶ τοῖς ἀργοῖς ἔφυ is inclined to idleness, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “fragment” 322; also ἐπί τι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507e; εἴς τι 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.132; most frequently πρός τι, οἱ ἄνθρωποι πρὸς τὸ ἀληθὲς πεφύκασι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1355a16; εὖ πρὸς ἀρετὴν πεφυκότες 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.1.2; πρὸς πόλεμον μᾶλλον.. ἢ πρὸς εἰρήνην 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 547e; κάλλιστα φ. πρός τι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.3, etc.; also πρός τινι [prev. author] “Ath.” 2.19 (assuming variant, compare 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 9.29.10); also εὖ πεφ. κατά τι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.55.)]
B.II.4 with dative, fall to one by nature, be one's natural lot, πᾶσι θνατοῖς ἔφυ μόρος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 860 (Lyric poetry); χαίρειν πέφυκεν οὐχὶ τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἀεί [prev. author] “Tr.” 440; ἐφύετο κοινὸς πᾶσι κίνδυνος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.18, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.3.19.)]
B.II.5 impersonal, it is natural, it happens naturally, with infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 14.30, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1261b7, “Po.” 1450a1.)]
B.II.6 absolutely, ὡς πέφυκε as is natural, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 6.15, +others; ᾗ πέφυκεν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 81e)]; also expressed personally, τοῖς ἁπλῶς, ὡς πεφυκασι, βαδίζουσι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.68: also frequently in)]participle, τὰ φύσει πεφυκότα the order of nature, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.29)]; φύντα, opposed to ὁμολογηθέντα, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Sophista 44 A i 32 (“Vorsokr.” 5))]; ἄνθρωπος πεφυκώς man as he is, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.1.3)]. (Cf. Sanskrit bhū- 'to be, become', Lithuanian búti 'to be', Latin fui, Eng. be, etc.)