Strong G3936παρίστημι
to stand by
- Transliteration
- paristēmi paristanō
- Pronunciation
- par-is'-tay-mee par-is-tan'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
From G3488 and G2476; to stand beside that is (transitively) to exhibit proffer (specifically) recommend (figuratively) substantiate; or (intransitively) to be at hand (or ready) aid: - assist bring before command commend give presently present prove provide shew stand (before by here up with) yield.
Detailed definition
παρ-ίστημι
[in LXX for עָמַד, etc.;]
I. Transitive verb. in present tense., imperfect., future tense., 1 aorist.;
1. to place beside, present, provide: with accusative, Act.9:41 23:24, 2Co.4:14, Col.1:28; with accusative and dative, Mat.26:53, Luk.2:22, Act.1:3 23:33, 1Co.8:8; before accusative pred., Rom.6:13, 16 (late pres., παριστάνετε), Rom.6:19 12:1, 2Co.11:2, Eph.5:27, Col.1:22, 2Ti.2:15.
2. to present to the mind (cl.): by argument, to prove (Xen., FlJ, al.), with accusative, Act.24:13.
II. Intransitive. in perfect., pluperfect., 2 aorist.;
1. to stand by or beside one : with dative of person(s), Act.1:10 9:39 23:2 27:23; ptcp., Mrk.14:47, 69-70 15:35, 39 Jhn.18:22 19:26.
2. to appear: with nom. pred., before ἐνώπιον, Act.4:10; with dative of person(s), Act.27:24; so fut. mid. (of. LS, see word, B, ii, 2), Rom.14:10.
3. to be at hand, be present, have come: Act.4:26 (LXX); of servants in attendance, ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ, Luk.1:19; absol., οἱ παρεστῶτες, Luk.19:24; before αὐτῷ, Act.23:2, 4; of time, Mrk.4:29
4. to stand by for help or defence (Hom., Dem., Xen., al.): with dative of person(s), Rom.16:2, 2Ti.4:17.†
(AS)
[in LXX for עָמַד, etc.;]
I. Transitive verb. in present tense., imperfect., future tense., 1 aorist.;
1. to place beside, present, provide: with accusative, Act.9:41 23:24, 2Co.4:14, Col.1:28; with accusative and dative, Mat.26:53, Luk.2:22, Act.1:3 23:33, 1Co.8:8; before accusative pred., Rom.6:13, 16 (late pres., παριστάνετε), Rom.6:19 12:1, 2Co.11:2, Eph.5:27, Col.1:22, 2Ti.2:15.
2. to present to the mind (cl.): by argument, to prove (Xen., FlJ, al.), with accusative, Act.24:13.
II. Intransitive. in perfect., pluperfect., 2 aorist.;
1. to stand by or beside one : with dative of person(s), Act.1:10 9:39 23:2 27:23; ptcp., Mrk.14:47, 69-70 15:35, 39 Jhn.18:22 19:26.
2. to appear: with nom. pred., before ἐνώπιον, Act.4:10; with dative of person(s), Act.27:24; so fut. mid. (of. LS, see word, B, ii, 2), Rom.14:10.
3. to be at hand, be present, have come: Act.4:26 (LXX); of servants in attendance, ἐνώπιον τ. θεοῦ, Luk.1:19; absol., οἱ παρεστῶτες, Luk.19:24; before αὐτῷ, Act.23:2, 4; of time, Mrk.4:29
4. to stand by for help or defence (Hom., Dem., Xen., al.): with dative of person(s), Rom.16:2, 2Ti.4:17.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G3936 appears in 40 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- stand18
- present8
- yield4
- bring2
- shew2
- assist1
- come1
- commendeth1
- doth1
- give1
- prove1
- provide1
First verses
- Matthew 26:53Thinkest thou that I cannot now pray to my Father, and he shall presently give me more than twelve legions of angels?
- Mark 4:29But when the fruit is brought forth, immediately he putteth in the sickle, because the harvest is come.
- Mark 14:47And one of them that stood by drew a sword, and smote a servant of the high priest, and cut off his ear.
- Mark 14:69And a maid saw him again, and began to say to them that stood by, This is one of them.
- Mark 14:70And he denied it again. And a little after, they that stood by said again to Peter, Surely thou art one of them: for thou art a Galilean, and thy speech agreeth thereto.
- Mark 15:35And some of them that stood by, when they heard it, said, Behold, he calleth Elias.
- Mark 15:39And when the centurion, which stood over against him, saw that he so cried out, and gave up the ghost, he said, Truly this man was the Son of God.
- Luke 1:19And the angel answering said unto him, I am Gabriel, that stand in the presence of God; and am sent to speak unto thee, and to shew thee these glad tidings.
- Luke 2:22And when the days of her purification according to the law of Moses were accomplished, they brought him to Jerusalem, to present him to the Lord;
- Luke 19:24And he said unto them that stood by, Take from him the pound, and give it to him that hath ten pounds.
- John 18:22And when he had thus spoken, one of the officers which stood by struck Jesus with the palm of his hand, saying, Answerest thou the high priest so?
- John 19:26When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!
- Acts 1:3To whom also he shewed himself alive after his passion by many infallible proofs, being seen of them forty days, and speaking of the things pertaining to the kingdom of God:
- Acts 1:10And while they looked stedfastly toward heaven as he went up, behold, two men stood by them in white apparel;
- Acts 4:10Be it known unto you all, and to all the people of Israel, that by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom ye crucified, whom God raised from the dead, even by him doth this man stand here before you whole.
- Acts 4:26The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord, and against his Christ.
- Acts 9:39Then Peter arose and went with them. When he was come, they brought him into the upper chamber: and all the widows stood by him weeping, and shewing the coats and garments which Dorcas made, while she was with them.
- Acts 9:41And he gave her his hand, and lifted her up, and when he had called the saints and widows, presented her alive.
- Acts 23:2And the high priest Ananias commanded them that stood by him to smite him on the mouth.
- Acts 23:4And they that stood by said, Revilest thou God’s high priest?
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
παρίστημι,
A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1; later perfect παρέστᾰκα in same sense, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PTeb.” 5.196 (2nd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7, 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 7.273, etc.)]
A.I cause to stand, place beside, π. τοὺς ἱππεῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑκάτερον τὸ κέρας [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.72.9, compare 3.113.8)]; παραστήσας τὰ ὅπλα having brought his arms into view, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.175)]; π. τινὰ φυλάττειν set one near a thing to guard it, variant in [Refs ([prev. author] 49.35; π. σορὸν σορῷ “Anatolian Studies” p.204 (from Termessus).)]
A.II set before the mind, present, ὑπόθεσιν.. οὐ χὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες ὑμῖν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1)]; τοῦτο π. τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν that they may put this into your minds, [Refs ([prev. author] 18.1; τὸ δεινὸν π. τοῖς ἀκούουσιν [prev. author] 21.72)]; π. ἐλπίδας, ὁτιοῦν τῶν δεινοτάτων, [Refs ([prev. author] 19.333, 21.15)]; arouse, inspire, οὐ γὰρ ἡ πληγὴ παρέστησε τὴν ὀργὴν ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἀτιμία [Refs ([prev. work]72)]; π. φόβον καὶ ἀπορίαν ταῖς πόλεσι [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7)]; π. ὁ κίνδυνος διαλογισμόν, μὴ.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.159: so τοῦτο π. ὑμῖν γνῶναι)] prompt you to that decision, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.8)]; π. τινὶ θαρρεῖν give one confidence, variant in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.174)]; π. τινί with infinitive, put it into his head to.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 9.14.6)]; also π. τινὶ ὅτι or ὡς.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 13.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 600c.)]
A.II.2 dispose a person, πρὸς μελαγχολίας [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” p.28 W., compare “Mus.” p.73 K.; also Ἀθηναίους ἄλλα παρέστησεν ὡς ἥρωα τιμᾶν Θησέα 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Theseus” 35)]:—also in passive, V. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus V. 1.)]
A.II.3 of a Poet, represent, describe, τὸν Νέστορα παρέστησε [ὁ ποιητὴς] πείθοντα [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “περὶ τοῦ καθ᾽ Ὅμηρον ἀγαθοῦ βασιλέως” p.65 O., compare 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.110f, 4.133b; δι᾽ ἐτυμολογίας 1st c.AD: Cornutus Philosophus “de Natura Deorum” 1:)] —passive, παριστάσθω ὅτι.. let it be stated that.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 7.310.)]
A.II.4 furnish, supply, deliver, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 790.10 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 5.196 (2nd c.BC), “Abh. Berl.Akad.” 1925(5).31 (from Cyrene).)]
A.II.5 make good, prove, show, τι πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.51, cf. NT.Act.24.13; καθάπερ προϊόντες -στήσομεν 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” p.85 W., compare “Mus.” p.37 K.)]
A.II.6 with accusative person, present, offer, ἑαυτοὺς τῷ θεῷ, ἑαυτοὺς δούλους εἰς ὑπακοήν, [NT (NT.Rom.6.13, 16.)]
A.II.6.b commend, βρῶμα ἡμᾶς οὐ παραστήσει τῷ θεῷ [NT (NT.1Cor.8.8.)]
A.II.7 render, [ἡ πίσσα] τὸν οἶνον ἔὔποτον παρίστησι ταχέως [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.676c.)]
A.II.8 in later Greek, as in middle (V. C. 1), produce in court, etc., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 759.22 (2nd c.AD))], etc.:—passive, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Sammelb.” 4512.82 (2nd c.BC), etc.)]
A.III set side by side, compare, [πόλεις] μικρὰς μεγάλαις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.40.)] — The use of these active tenses occurs in Pl.[same place], but first becomes common in Oratt.
B passive, with aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect active, intransitive:
B.I stand by, beside, or near, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.442, compare 483; ἀμφίπολος δ᾽ ἄρα οἱ κεδνὴ ἑκάτερθε παρέστη 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.335, compare 8.218, 18.183)]; ἑξείης πάντεσσι παρίστασαι, of a beggar,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (17.450; οὐδ᾽ ἄρα οἵ τις ἀνουτητί γε παρέστη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.371)]; ζωγράφῳ παρεστηκυῖα, of a painter's model, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.2: frequently in)]participle παραστάς with a Verb, εἶπε παραστάς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.60; οὖτα π. 20.472)]; παρασταθείς, variant for{κατασταθείς}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 365.)]
B.I.2 stand by, i.e. help, defend, τινι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.279, etc.; Τρωσὶ παρεστάμεναι καὶ ἀμύνειν 21.231, compare 15.255; Ὀδυσῆϊ π. ἠδ᾽ ἐπαρήγει 23.783, compare 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 439, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.87, etc.; π. τινὶ χερσί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1384)]; βοηθοὶ π. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.19; οὐ παρέστη οὐδ᾽ ἐβοήθησεν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.64.)]
B.II more frequently in past tenses, to have come, δεῦρο παρέστης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.405)]; to be at hand, νῆες δ᾽ ἐκ Λήμνοιο παρέστασαν [Refs (7.467, etc.)]
B.II.2 of events, to be near, be at hand, ἀλλά τοι ἤδη ἄγχι παρέστηκεν θάνατος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (16.853; κακὴ Διὸς αἶσα παρέστη ἡμῖν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.52, compare 16.280)]: in future middle, σοὶ..παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοή [Refs 4th c.BC+ (24.28; ἐάν του καιρὸς ἢ χρεία παραστῇ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.101)], compare 73: frequently in perfect, παρέστηχ᾽ ὡς ἔοικ᾽ ἀγὼν μέγας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 229, compare “Med.” 331)]; in participle, τὸ χρῶμα τὸ παρεστηκός [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 399; ὁ νῦν παρεστηκὼς ἡμῖν λόγος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 962d)]: in Attic dialect form παρεστώς, ῶσα, ός, th=s parestw/shs no/sou [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 734)]; τοῦ π. θέρους[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1340; τὰς παρεστώσας τύχας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” [1024])]; τὰ παρεστῶτα present circumstances, τὰ λῷστα, κράτιστα τῶν π., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1053, “Pr.” 218; πρὸς τὸ παρεστός 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 564; πρὸς τὸ παριστάμενον 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitum magistro” 9.1.)]
B.III come to the side of another, come over to his opinion, παραστῆναι ἐς τῶν Περσέων τὴν γνώμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.99)]: absolutely, come to terms, surrender, submit, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 3.13, 5.65, 6.140; οἱ πολέμιοι παραστήσονται [prev. author] 3.155; τῷ πολέμῳ παραστῆναι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.15, compare “Etymologicum Magnum” 653.2.)]
B.IV happen to one, τῷ δὴ λέγουσι.. θῶμα μέγιστον παραστῆναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.23; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀλλοῖα παρίσταται 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 108)]; especially come into one's head, occur to one, τὼς νόος ἀνθρώποισι παριστᾶται [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 16.2; δόξα μοι παρεστάθη ναοὺς ἱκέσθαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 911)]; δόξα π. τινὶ ὥστε.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 66b)]; σοὶ τοῦτο παρέστηκεν, ὡς.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Phdr.” 233c)]; π. θαῦμα, γνώμη, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.2, 24 (assuming variant); ἔκπληξις παρέστη 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.96: _impersonal_, παρίσταταί μοι)] it occurs to me; τῷ οὐ παραστήσεται.. τεθνάναι βούλεσθαι to whom it will not occur to wish for death, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.46: followed by ὡς, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.61, 95, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.62, etc.)]: with infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.17; οὐχὶ παρίσταταί μοι ταὐτὰ γιγνώσκειν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1)]: with accusative et infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 21.12, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 58e)]; participle, τὸ παριστάμενον that which comes into one's head, a thought, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 13)]; ἐκ τοῦ π. λέγειν speak offhand, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Demosthenes” 9, compare 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 14.295.)]
B.V to be disposed, πρὸς τὰς πράξεις [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Mus.” p.71 K.; εἰρηνικῶς παρεστώτων [prev. author] “Hom.” p.45 O.)]
B.V.2 collect oneself, παραστῆναι πρὸς τὸν κίνδυνον [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.43)]; τῷ θυμῷ παραστάς[Refs 1st c.AD+ ([prev. work] 99; π. πρὸς τὴν ἀπολογίαν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Alcibiades” 19; παρεστηκότες ταῖς γνώμαις 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Fragmenta Historica - FHG” 161 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus)]
B.V.3 metaphorically, οἶνος παρίσταται the wine improves, becomes fit for drinking, opposed to ἐξίσταται, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Causis Plantarum” 6.14.10, compare 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 5.8.)]
B.V.3.b of a crop, to be ripe, ὅταν ὁ πρώϊμος σπόρος παραστῇ [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“OGI” 56.68 (Egypt, 3rd c.BC))]; so probably ἡ γῆ παρέστηκεν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PLille” 8.5 (3rd c.BC).)]
B.VI παρεστηκέναι φρενῶν to be beside oneself, lose one's wits, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.53.6; π. ταῖς διανοίαις [prev. author] 14.5.7, etc.)]; ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον π. [Refs ([prev. author] 22.8.13; compare παρεξίστημι 11.)]
B.VI.2 to be passionately devoted to, ἵπποισι παρεστεῶτες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιστολαί” 17.)]
B.VII absolutely, παρεστηκός, ={παρόν}, since it was in their power, since the opportunity offered, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.133.)]
C Some tenses of middle, present and imperfect sometimes, future and aorist I almost always (for exceptions, see above [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2, III, iv), are used in causal sense:)]
C.I set by one's side, bring forward, produce, π. ἱερεῖα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.1.22)]; especially in a court of justice, τοὺς παῖδας παραστησάμενοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.35)]; παιδία παραστήσεται (of a culprit) [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.99; ταῦτα παραστησάμενος [prev. work]187; μάρτυρας παρίστανται 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 4.13, etc.)]; παραστήσασθαί τινα produce him as witness, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.9, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 34.28, etc.; π. τινὰ εἰς κρίσιν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 555b.)]
C.I.2 commend, τινί τινα [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 15.7.3.)]
C.II bring to one's side, bring over by force, bring to terms, ἀέκοντας παραστήσασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.80; π. βία 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 916; π. πολιορκίᾳ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.98; πολιορκοῦντας π. ὁμολογίᾳ [prev. work] 29: _absolutely_, π. τινά, π. πόλιν, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.124, etc.; τοὺς οἰκοῦντας τὴν Ἀττικὴν π. εἰς φορὰν δασμοῦ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 706b.)]
C.II.2 generally, dispose for one's own views or purposes, τινὰ παραστήσασθαι οὕτως ὥστε.. so to dispose a person that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.136; ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς τὴν μάχην 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.109.9)]; dispose, induce a person, πρὸς τὸ κοινωνεῖν [Refs ([prev. author] 29.3.5)]: with accusative et infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Chio Epistolographus “Ep.” 3.)]
A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1; later perfect παρέστᾰκα in same sense, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PTeb.” 5.196 (2nd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7, 2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 7.273, etc.)]
A.I cause to stand, place beside, π. τοὺς ἱππεῖς ἐφ᾽ ἑκάτερον τὸ κέρας [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.72.9, compare 3.113.8)]; παραστήσας τὰ ὅπλα having brought his arms into view, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.175)]; π. τινὰ φυλάττειν set one near a thing to guard it, variant in [Refs ([prev. author] 49.35; π. σορὸν σορῷ “Anatolian Studies” p.204 (from Termessus).)]
A.II set before the mind, present, ὑπόθεσιν.. οὐ χὶ τὴν οὖσαν παριστάντες ὑμῖν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1)]; τοῦτο π. τοὺς θεοὺς ὑμῖν that they may put this into your minds, [Refs ([prev. author] 18.1; τὸ δεινὸν π. τοῖς ἀκούουσιν [prev. author] 21.72)]; π. ἐλπίδας, ὁτιοῦν τῶν δεινοτάτων, [Refs ([prev. author] 19.333, 21.15)]; arouse, inspire, οὐ γὰρ ἡ πληγὴ παρέστησε τὴν ὀργὴν ἀλλ᾽ ἡ ἀτιμία [Refs ([prev. work]72)]; π. φόβον καὶ ἀπορίαν ταῖς πόλεσι [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.94.7)]; π. ὁ κίνδυνος διαλογισμόν, μὴ.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.159: so τοῦτο π. ὑμῖν γνῶναι)] prompt you to that decision, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.8)]; π. τινὶ θαρρεῖν give one confidence, variant in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.174)]; π. τινί with infinitive, put it into his head to.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Pausanias Periegeta 9.14.6)]; also π. τινὶ ὅτι or ὡς.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 13.1, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 600c.)]
A.II.2 dispose a person, πρὸς μελαγχολίας [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” p.28 W., compare “Mus.” p.73 K.; also Ἀθηναίους ἄλλα παρέστησεν ὡς ἥρωα τιμᾶν Θησέα 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Theseus” 35)]:—also in passive, V. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus V. 1.)]
A.II.3 of a Poet, represent, describe, τὸν Νέστορα παρέστησε [ὁ ποιητὴς] πείθοντα [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “περὶ τοῦ καθ᾽ Ὅμηρον ἀγαθοῦ βασιλέως” p.65 O., compare 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.110f, 4.133b; δι᾽ ἐτυμολογίας 1st c.AD: Cornutus Philosophus “de Natura Deorum” 1:)] —passive, παριστάσθω ὅτι.. let it be stated that.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “adversus Mathematicos” 7.310.)]
A.II.4 furnish, supply, deliver, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 790.10 (3rd c.BC), “PTeb.” 5.196 (2nd c.BC), “Abh. Berl.Akad.” 1925(5).31 (from Cyrene).)]
A.II.5 make good, prove, show, τι πολλοῖς τεκμηρίοις [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.51, cf. NT.Act.24.13; καθάπερ προϊόντες -στήσομεν 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Ir.” p.85 W., compare “Mus.” p.37 K.)]
A.II.6 with accusative person, present, offer, ἑαυτοὺς τῷ θεῷ, ἑαυτοὺς δούλους εἰς ὑπακοήν, [NT (NT.Rom.6.13, 16.)]
A.II.6.b commend, βρῶμα ἡμᾶς οὐ παραστήσει τῷ θεῷ [NT (NT.1Cor.8.8.)]
A.II.7 render, [ἡ πίσσα] τὸν οἶνον ἔὔποτον παρίστησι ταχέως [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.676c.)]
A.II.8 in later Greek, as in middle (V. C. 1), produce in court, etc., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 759.22 (2nd c.AD))], etc.:—passive, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Sammelb.” 4512.82 (2nd c.BC), etc.)]
A.III set side by side, compare, [πόλεις] μικρὰς μεγάλαις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.40.)] — The use of these active tenses occurs in Pl.[same place], but first becomes common in Oratt.
B passive, with aorist 2, perfect and pluperfect active, intransitive:
B.I stand by, beside, or near, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.442, compare 483; ἀμφίπολος δ᾽ ἄρα οἱ κεδνὴ ἑκάτερθε παρέστη 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.335, compare 8.218, 18.183)]; ἑξείης πάντεσσι παρίστασαι, of a beggar,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (17.450; οὐδ᾽ ἄρα οἵ τις ἀνουτητί γε παρέστη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.371)]; ζωγράφῳ παρεστηκυῖα, of a painter's model, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.2: frequently in)]participle παραστάς with a Verb, εἶπε παραστάς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.60; οὖτα π. 20.472)]; παρασταθείς, variant for{κατασταθείς}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 365.)]
B.I.2 stand by, i.e. help, defend, τινι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.279, etc.; Τρωσὶ παρεστάμεναι καὶ ἀμύνειν 21.231, compare 15.255; Ὀδυσῆϊ π. ἠδ᾽ ἐπαρήγει 23.783, compare 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 439, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.87, etc.; π. τινὶ χερσί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1384)]; βοηθοὶ π. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.3.19; οὐ παρέστη οὐδ᾽ ἐβοήθησεν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.64.)]
B.II more frequently in past tenses, to have come, δεῦρο παρέστης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.405)]; to be at hand, νῆες δ᾽ ἐκ Λήμνοιο παρέστασαν [Refs (7.467, etc.)]
B.II.2 of events, to be near, be at hand, ἀλλά τοι ἤδη ἄγχι παρέστηκεν θάνατος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (16.853; κακὴ Διὸς αἶσα παρέστη ἡμῖν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.52, compare 16.280)]: in future middle, σοὶ..παραστήσεσθαι ἔμελλεν μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοή [Refs 4th c.BC+ (24.28; ἐάν του καιρὸς ἢ χρεία παραστῇ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.101)], compare 73: frequently in perfect, παρέστηχ᾽ ὡς ἔοικ᾽ ἀγὼν μέγας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 229, compare “Med.” 331)]; in participle, τὸ χρῶμα τὸ παρεστηκός [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 399; ὁ νῦν παρεστηκὼς ἡμῖν λόγος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 962d)]: in Attic dialect form παρεστώς, ῶσα, ός, th=s parestw/shs no/sou [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 734)]; τοῦ π. θέρους[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1340; τὰς παρεστώσας τύχας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” [1024])]; τὰ παρεστῶτα present circumstances, τὰ λῷστα, κράτιστα τῶν π., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1053, “Pr.” 218; πρὸς τὸ παρεστός 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 564; πρὸς τὸ παριστάμενον 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitum magistro” 9.1.)]
B.III come to the side of another, come over to his opinion, παραστῆναι ἐς τῶν Περσέων τὴν γνώμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.99)]: absolutely, come to terms, surrender, submit, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 3.13, 5.65, 6.140; οἱ πολέμιοι παραστήσονται [prev. author] 3.155; τῷ πολέμῳ παραστῆναι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.15, compare “Etymologicum Magnum” 653.2.)]
B.IV happen to one, τῷ δὴ λέγουσι.. θῶμα μέγιστον παραστῆναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.23; τὸ φρονεῖν ἀλλοῖα παρίσταται 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 108)]; especially come into one's head, occur to one, τὼς νόος ἀνθρώποισι παριστᾶται [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Parmenides Poeta Philosophus 16.2; δόξα μοι παρεστάθη ναοὺς ἱκέσθαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 911)]; δόξα π. τινὶ ὥστε.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 66b)]; σοὶ τοῦτο παρέστηκεν, ὡς.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Phdr.” 233c)]; π. θαῦμα, γνώμη, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.2, 24 (assuming variant); ἔκπληξις παρέστη 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.96: _impersonal_, παρίσταταί μοι)] it occurs to me; τῷ οὐ παραστήσεται.. τεθνάναι βούλεσθαι to whom it will not occur to wish for death, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.46: followed by ὡς, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.61, 95, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.62, etc.)]: with infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.17; οὐχὶ παρίσταταί μοι ταὐτὰ γιγνώσκειν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.1)]: with accusative et infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 21.12, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 58e)]; participle, τὸ παριστάμενον that which comes into one's head, a thought, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 13)]; ἐκ τοῦ π. λέγειν speak offhand, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Demosthenes” 9, compare 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 14.295.)]
B.V to be disposed, πρὸς τὰς πράξεις [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Mus.” p.71 K.; εἰρηνικῶς παρεστώτων [prev. author] “Hom.” p.45 O.)]
B.V.2 collect oneself, παραστῆναι πρὸς τὸν κίνδυνον [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.43)]; τῷ θυμῷ παραστάς[Refs 1st c.AD+ ([prev. work] 99; π. πρὸς τὴν ἀπολογίαν 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Alcibiades” 19; παρεστηκότες ταῖς γνώμαις 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Fragmenta Historica - FHG” 161 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus)]
B.V.3 metaphorically, οἶνος παρίσταται the wine improves, becomes fit for drinking, opposed to ἐξίσταται, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Causis Plantarum” 6.14.10, compare 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 5.8.)]
B.V.3.b of a crop, to be ripe, ὅταν ὁ πρώϊμος σπόρος παραστῇ [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“OGI” 56.68 (Egypt, 3rd c.BC))]; so probably ἡ γῆ παρέστηκεν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PLille” 8.5 (3rd c.BC).)]
B.VI παρεστηκέναι φρενῶν to be beside oneself, lose one's wits, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.53.6; π. ταῖς διανοίαις [prev. author] 14.5.7, etc.)]; ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον π. [Refs ([prev. author] 22.8.13; compare παρεξίστημι 11.)]
B.VI.2 to be passionately devoted to, ἵπποισι παρεστεῶτες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιστολαί” 17.)]
B.VII absolutely, παρεστηκός, ={παρόν}, since it was in their power, since the opportunity offered, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.133.)]
C Some tenses of middle, present and imperfect sometimes, future and aorist I almost always (for exceptions, see above [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2, III, iv), are used in causal sense:)]
C.I set by one's side, bring forward, produce, π. ἱερεῖα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.1.22)]; especially in a court of justice, τοὺς παῖδας παραστησάμενοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.35)]; παιδία παραστήσεται (of a culprit) [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.99; ταῦτα παραστησάμενος [prev. work]187; μάρτυρας παρίστανται 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 4.13, etc.)]; παραστήσασθαί τινα produce him as witness, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.9, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 34.28, etc.; π. τινὰ εἰς κρίσιν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 555b.)]
C.I.2 commend, τινί τινα [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 15.7.3.)]
C.II bring to one's side, bring over by force, bring to terms, ἀέκοντας παραστήσασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.80; π. βία 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 916; π. πολιορκίᾳ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.98; πολιορκοῦντας π. ὁμολογίᾳ [prev. work] 29: _absolutely_, π. τινά, π. πόλιν, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.124, etc.; τοὺς οἰκοῦντας τὴν Ἀττικὴν π. εἰς φορὰν δασμοῦ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 706b.)]
C.II.2 generally, dispose for one's own views or purposes, τινὰ παραστήσασθαι οὕτως ὥστε.. so to dispose a person that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.136; ἑαυτοὺς πρὸς τὴν μάχην 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.109.9)]; dispose, induce a person, πρὸς τὸ κοινωνεῖν [Refs ([prev. author] 29.3.5)]: with accusative et infinitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Chio Epistolographus “Ep.” 3.)]