Strong G3363ἵνα μή
lest/so that... not
- Transliteration
- hina mē
- Pronunciation
- hin'-ah may
- Morphology
- Greek Adverb Negative
Definition
Detailed definition
So that -, so that not happen
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
Included with: ἵνα,
adverb,
I of Place,
I.1 in that place, there, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.127 (_accusative_ to 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis).)]
I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.558, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.136, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.133, 9.27, 54, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.95, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.79, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 21, +others, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 22, 855, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1231, etc.)]: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.72 (see. below), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17c, “Phlb.” 61b)]; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (“IG” 22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.2, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 22, “Ind.” 3: with particles, ἵ. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.478; ἵ. περ 24.382, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.364, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator)] [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 405, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 315)]; as indirect interrogative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, 2.150, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1008.)]
I.2.b after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, like other Advs. of Place, with _genitive_, ἵ. τῆς χώρης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.98)]; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.213; οὐδ᾽ ὁρᾶν ἵν᾽ ἐ̄ κακοῦ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 367)]; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1442; ἵν᾽ ἦμεν ἄτης [prev. author] “El.” 936; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 243b.)]
I.2.c with Verbs of motion, whither, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.821, +others; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἥκεις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 687, +others, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10; ιναπερ ὥρμητο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.74.)]
II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.27)]; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.9.)]
II.2 ={ἐάν}, uncertain in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.353 (variant{ἵν᾽ ἄν}, cf. Scholia), 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 74.7 codices, variant in 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.1, and 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 176b.)]
B Final conjunction, that, in order that, from [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sometimes preceded by an emphatic word, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 169d; ἵ. δή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.26, 23.207, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420e, 610c: never with ἄν)] or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.156, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1579).)]
B.I general usage:
B.I.1 with subjunctive,
B.I.1.a after primary tenses of indicative, also subjunctive and imperative: present indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.252, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.111, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.2.3, “Cyr.” 1.2.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.2)]: perfect indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.203, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.129)]: future, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.307, 4.591, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.2.15)]; subjunctive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 364; _imperative_, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, +others, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 880, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 297, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 341b, “Men.” 71d.)]
B.I.1.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aorist is gnomic, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.490 (αὔοι codices))]; where aorist is treated as equivalent to perfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.99, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.580, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.4, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.26)]: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.495, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 6.100, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.44, +others, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.11,12, +others)]
B.I.1.c after optative and ἄν, when optative with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imperative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.264, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.58)]; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.12.)]
B.I.1.d after imperfect with ἄν, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.7.)]
B.I.2 with optative,
B.I.2.a after historical tenses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.3, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 215, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314c, etc.)]: after the historical present, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 11)]: sometimes both moods, subjunctive and optative, follow in consecutive clauses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.77, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.76, 9.51, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93, 49.14.)]
B.I.2.b after optative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.369, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 325; βούλοιντ᾽ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα.. λάβοιεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 413.)]
B.I.2.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.250, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 24, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 410c.)]
B.I.3 with past tenses of indicative,
B.I.3.a after unfulfilled wishes, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cri.” 44d.)]
B.I.3.b after indicative with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1389, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 89b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.17: especially after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 961, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 4.3.)]
B.I.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 647, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c, “Smp.” 181e, “Euthd.” 304e, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.5, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.48, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν (={ἔδει εἰπεῖν}).. ἵ... 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 161c)]; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν (={δέον κοσμεῖν}).. ἵ... [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.47.)]
B.I.3.d after present indicative in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.8.5.)]
B.I.4 ἵ. μή as the negative of ἵνα, that not, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, etc.)]
B.II special usages:
B.II.1 like{ὅπως}, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but[NT+8th c.BC+ (compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.327 with [prev. work] 19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decrees cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.155; δεήσεσθαι ἵ... 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.83; παρακαλεῖν ἵ... 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.23.27: frequently in “NT”, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν NT.Mark.6.12, +others; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. [prev. work] 25: hence ἵ. with _subjunctive_ stands for infinitive, ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε (={ἐν τῷ φέρειν}) NT.John.15.8, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.10.8, compare 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 8.29)]; also for ὥστε, [LXX+1st c.AD+ (LXX.Gen.22.14, +others, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.333a, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “de Abstinentia - Porphyrii Opuscula” 2.33, etc.)]
B.II.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Anonymus cited in 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 266.5, compare “Conj.” 243.21, 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.257, +others)]; not found in literature.
B.II.3 elliptical usages,
B.II.3.a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ᾽, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 989; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507d; ἵ. συντέμω 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.5; ἵν᾽ ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι [prev. author] 21.43)]; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.. , [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.34, compare 1.79.)]
B.II.3.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PCair.Zen.” 240.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. λαλήσῃς [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PSI” 4.412.1 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ [LXX+NT+5th c.BC+ (NT.Mark.5.23,cf. NT.2Cor.8.7, LXX.2Mac.1.9, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 4.1.41, 1st c.BC: Didymus Grammaticus cited in Scholia 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 156.)]
B.II.3.c ἵ. τί (i.e. γένηται); to what end? either absolutely or as a question, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 719)]; or with a Verb following, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Pax” 409, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 26d, etc.)]; ἵ. δὴ τ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1192.)]
B.II.3.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.29.16.)]
B.III in later Gr. with indicative, [LXX+NT (LXX.Exo.1.11, +others, NT.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.)]
adverb,
I of Place,
I.1 in that place, there, once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, ἵ. γάρ σφιν ἐπέφραδον ἠγερέθεσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.127 (_accusative_ to 12th c.AD: Eustathius Episcopus Thessalonicensis).)]
I.2 elsewhere relative, in which place, where,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.558, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.136, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.133, 9.27, 54, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.95, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.79, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 21, +others, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 22, 855, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1231, etc.)]: rarely in Attic dialect Prose, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.72 (see. below), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17c, “Phlb.” 61b)]; ἵ. ἡ Νίκη (i.e. ἐστίν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (“IG” 22.1407.13: rare in later Greek, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 1.3.2, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 22, “Ind.” 3: with particles, ἵ. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.478; ἵ. περ 24.382, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.364, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator)] [same place]; ἵν᾽ ἄν with subjunctive, wherever, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 405, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 315)]; as indirect interrogative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, 2.150, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1008.)]
I.2.b after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, like other Advs. of Place, with _genitive_, ἵ. τῆς χώρης 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.98)]; ἔμαθε ἵ. ἦν κακοῦ in what a calamity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.213; οὐδ᾽ ὁρᾶν ἵν᾽ ἐ̄ κακοῦ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 367)]; ἵν᾽ ἕσταμεν χρείας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 1442; ἵν᾽ ἦμεν ἄτης [prev. author] “El.” 936; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἐσμὲν αὐτοῦ πέρι τῆς ἀπορίας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 243b.)]
I.2.c with Verbs of motion, whither, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.821, +others; ὁρᾷς ἵν᾽ ἥκεις 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 687, +others, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10; ιναπερ ὥρμητο 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.74.)]
II of circumstance, γάμος.., ἵ. χρή at which, when, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.27)]; ἵ. μὲν ἐξῆν αὐτοῖς.., ἐνταῦθα.. when it was in their power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.9.)]
II.2 ={ἐάν}, uncertain in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.353 (variant{ἵν᾽ ἄν}, cf. Scholia), 7th c.BC: Archilochus Lyricus 74.7 codices, variant in 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.1, and 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 176b.)]
B Final conjunction, that, in order that, from [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] downwards, mostly first word in the clause, but sometimes preceded by an emphatic word, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Charmides” 169d; ἵ. δή 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.26, 23.207, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 420e, 610c: never with ἄν)] or κε (if found, these particles belong to the Verb, as in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.156, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1579).)]
B.I general usage:
B.I.1 with subjunctive,
B.I.1.a after primary tenses of indicative, also subjunctive and imperative: present indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.252, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.111, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.2.3, “Cyr.” 1.2.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.2)]: perfect indicative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.203, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.129)]: future, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.307, 4.591, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.2.15)]; subjunctive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 364; _imperative_, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, +others, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 61, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 880, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 297, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 341b, “Men.” 71d.)]
B.I.1.b after historical tenses, in similes, where the aorist is gnomic, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.490 (αὔοι codices))]; where aorist is treated as equivalent to perfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.99, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.580, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.91, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.4, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 9.26)]: when the purpose is regarded from the point of view of the speaker's present, σὲ παῖδα ποιεύμην ἵ. μοι.. λοιγὸν ἀμύνῃς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.495, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.29, 6.100, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.44, +others, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.11,12, +others)]
B.I.1.c after optative and ἄν, when optative with οὐκ ἄν is used with sense of imperative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.264, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.58)]; after βουλοίμην ἄν.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.12.)]
B.I.1.d after imperfect with ἄν, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.7.)]
B.I.2 with optative,
B.I.2.a after historical tenses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.3, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.2, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 215, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.11, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 314c, etc.)]: after the historical present, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 11)]: sometimes both moods, subjunctive and optative, follow in consecutive clauses, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.77, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.76, 9.51, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93, 49.14.)]
B.I.2.b after optative, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.369, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 325; βούλοιντ᾽ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἐξολωλέναι, ἵνα.. λάβοιεν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 413.)]
B.I.2.c rarely after primary tenses, by a shifting of the point of view, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.250, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 24, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 410c.)]
B.I.3 with past tenses of indicative,
B.I.3.a after unfulfilled wishes, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cri.” 44d.)]
B.I.3.b after indicative with ἄν, to express a consequence which has not followed or cannot follow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1389, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 89b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 29.17: especially after ἐβουλόμην ἄν.., 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 961, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 4.3.)]
B.I.3.c after such Verbs as ἐχρῆν, ἔδει, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 647, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 335c, “Smp.” 181e, “Euthd.” 304e, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.5, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.48, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 349.5, etc.: whenan unfulfilled obligation is implied, τεθαύμακα ὅτι οὐκ εἶπεν (={ἔδει εἰπεῖν}).. ἵ... 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 161c)]; ἀντὶ τοῦ κοσμεῖν (={δέον κοσμεῖν}).. ἵ... [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.47.)]
B.I.3.d after present indicative in general statements (including the past), οὐδὲ γὰρ τὸ εἶναι ἔχει ἡ ὕλη, ἱ. ἀγαθοῦ ταύτῃ μετεῖχεν [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.8.5.)]
B.I.4 ἵ. μή as the negative of ἵνα, that not, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 19.348, etc.)]
B.II special usages:
B.II.1 like{ὅπως}, after Verbs of command and entreaty, is common only in later Gr. (but[NT+8th c.BC+ (compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.327 with [prev. work] 19), ἀξιοῦν ἵ... Decrees cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.155; δεήσεσθαι ἵ... 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.83; παρακαλεῖν ἵ... 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 3.23.27: frequently in “NT”, ἐκήρυξαν ἵ. μετανοήσωσιν NT.Mark.6.12, +others; of will, ὅσα ἐὰν θέλητε ἵ. ποιῶσιν.. [prev. work] 25: hence ἵ. with _subjunctive_ stands for infinitive, ἐν τούτῳ ἵ. καρπὸν φέρητε (={ἐν τῷ φέρειν}) NT.John.15.8, etc.; πρῶτόν ἐστιν ἵ. κοιμηθῶ 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.10.8, compare 2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 8.29)]; also for ὥστε, [LXX+1st c.AD+ (LXX.Gen.22.14, +others, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.333a, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “de Abstinentia - Porphyrii Opuscula” 2.33, etc.)]
B.II.2 because, ἵ. ἀναγνῶ ἐτιμήθην I was honoured because I read, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Anonymus cited in 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 266.5, compare “Conj.” 243.21, 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.257, +others)]; not found in literature.
B.II.3 elliptical usages,
B.II.3.a where the purpose of the utterance is stated, Ζεὺς ἔσθ᾽, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇς 'tis Zeus,— [I tell thee this] that thou may'st know it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 989; ἵ. μὴ εἴπω ὅτι οὐδεμιᾷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 507d; ἵ. συντέμω 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.5; ἵν᾽ ἐκ τούτων ἄρξωμαι [prev. author] 21.43)]; ἵ. δῶμεν.. granted that.. , [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Sextus Empiricus Philosophus “Πυρρώνειοι ὑποτυπώσεις” 2.34, compare 1.79.)]
B.II.3.b in commands, introducing a principal sentence, ἵ. συντάξῃς order him.., [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PCair.Zen.” 240.12 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. λαλήσῃς [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PSI” 4.412.1 (3rd c.BC))]; ἵ. ἐλθὼν ἐπιθῇς τὰς χεῖρας αὐτῇ [LXX+NT+5th c.BC+ (NT.Mark.5.23,cf. NT.2Cor.8.7, LXX.2Mac.1.9, 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 4.1.41, 1st c.BC: Didymus Grammaticus cited in Scholia 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 156.)]
B.II.3.c ἵ. τί (i.e. γένηται); to what end? either absolutely or as a question, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 719)]; or with a Verb following, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Pax” 409, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 26d, etc.)]; ἵ. δὴ τ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1192.)]
B.II.3.d in indignant exclamations, to think that.. ! Σωκράτης ἵ. πάθῃ ταῦτα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Epicteti Dissertationes” 1.29.16.)]
B.III in later Gr. with indicative, [LXX+NT (LXX.Exo.1.11, +others, NT.Gal.2.4, 4.17, etc.)]