Strong G2186ἐφίστημι
to approach
- Transliteration
- ephistēmi
- Pronunciation
- ef-is'-tay-mee
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Detailed definition
ἐφ-ίστημι
[in LXX for נָצַב ni., שִׁית, נָתַן, etc.;]
1. causal in pres., impf., fut., 1 aor., to set upon or by, set up, etc. (Æsch., Hdt., Arist., al).
2. Intrans. in mid, and in pf. and 2 aor. act.;
__(a) to stand upon;
__(b) to be set over;
__(with) to stand by, be present, be at hand, come on or upon: Luk.2:38 10:40 20:1, Act.6:12 12:7 22:13, 20 23:27, 2Ti.4:2; with dative pars., Luk.2:9 24:4, Act.4:1 23:11; with dative bc., Act.17:5; before έπί, with accusative, Act.10:17 11:11; of rain, Act.28:2; of evils impending, with dative of person(s), 1Th.5:3; before έπί (Wis.6:9), Luk.21:34; of time, 2Ti.4:6 (cf. κατ-, συν-εφίστημι).†
(AS)
[in LXX for נָצַב ni., שִׁית, נָתַן, etc.;]
1. causal in pres., impf., fut., 1 aor., to set upon or by, set up, etc. (Æsch., Hdt., Arist., al).
2. Intrans. in mid, and in pf. and 2 aor. act.;
__(a) to stand upon;
__(b) to be set over;
__(with) to stand by, be present, be at hand, come on or upon: Luk.2:38 10:40 20:1, Act.6:12 12:7 22:13, 20 23:27, 2Ti.4:2; with dative pars., Luk.2:9 24:4, Act.4:1 23:11; with dative bc., Act.17:5; before έπί, with accusative, Act.10:17 11:11; of rain, Act.28:2; of evils impending, with dative of person(s), 1Th.5:3; before έπί (Wis.6:9), Luk.21:34; of time, 2Ti.4:6 (cf. κατ-, συν-εφίστημι).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G2186 appears in 21 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- come10
- stand6
- assault1
- cometh1
- hand1
- instant1
- present1
First verses
- Luke 2:9And, lo, the angel of the Lord came upon them, and the glory of the Lord shone round about them: and they were sore afraid.
- Luke 2:38And she coming in that instant gave thanks likewise unto the Lord, and spake of him to all them that looked for redemption in Jerusalem.
- Luke 4:39And he stood over her, and rebuked the fever; and it left her: and immediately she arose and ministered unto them.
- Luke 10:40But Martha was cumbered about much serving, and came to him, and said, Lord, dost thou not care that my sister hath left me to serve alone? bid her therefore that she help me.
- Luke 20:1And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,
- Luke 21:34And take heed to yourselves, lest at any time your hearts be overcharged with surfeiting, and drunkenness, and cares of this life, and so that day come upon you unawares.
- Luke 24:4And it came to pass, as they were much perplexed thereabout, behold, two men stood by them in shining garments:
- Acts 4:1And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them,
- Acts 6:12And they stirred up the people, and the elders, and the scribes, and came upon him, and caught him, and brought him to the council,
- Acts 10:17Now while Peter doubted in himself what this vision which he had seen should mean, behold, the men which were sent from Cornelius had made enquiry for Simon’s house, and stood before the gate,
- Acts 11:11And, behold, immediately there were three men already come unto the house where I was, sent from Cesarea unto me.
- Acts 12:7And, behold, the angel of the Lord came upon him, and a light shined in the prison: and he smote Peter on the side, and raised him up, saying, Arise up quickly. And his chains fell off from his hands.
- Acts 17:5But the Jews which believed not, moved with envy, took unto them certain lewd fellows of the baser sort, and gathered a company, and set all the city on an uproar, and assaulted the house of Jason, and sought to bring them out to the people.
- Acts 22:13Came unto me, and stood, and said unto me, Brother Saul, receive thy sight. And the same hour I looked up upon him.
- Acts 22:20And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.
- Acts 23:11And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer, Paul: for as thou hast testified of me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.
- Acts 23:27This man was taken of the Jews, and should have been killed of them: then came I with an army, and rescued him, having understood that he was a Roman.
- Acts 28:2And the barbarous people shewed us no little kindness: for they kindled a fire, and received us every one, because of the present rain, and because of the cold.
- 1 Thessalonians 5:3For when they shall say, Peace and safety; then sudden destruction cometh upon them, as travail upon a woman with child; and they shall not escape.
- 2 Timothy 4:2Preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all longsuffering and doctrine.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἐφίστημι,
Ionic dialect ἐπ-:
A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1 (also in the later perfect and pluperfect ἐφέστᾰκα, ἐφεστάκειν [ᾰ], see below 11.1, VI. 2):
A.I set, place upon, τεῖχος τείχει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.75; τι ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 116a; τι ἐπί τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.1.7; ὅρους ἐπὶ οἰκίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 41.6: _metaphorically_, ἐ. τὴν ἐκεῖ μοῖραν βίῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 498c; ἀνάγκην τινί 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.16.)]
A.II set over, μ᾽ Ἀπόλλων τῷδ᾽ ἐπέστησεν τέλει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1202; φύλακ᾽ ἐπέστησεν βοτ [prev. author] “Supp.” 303; ἐ. τινὰ ὕπαρχόν τισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.27; τινὰ παιδαγωγόν τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.122b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 2.1; τινὰ πεντηκοντόρῳ [prev. author] “An.” 5.1.15; τινὰ τοῖς πράγμασι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.27; τὸν νόμον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1292b28; ἐπὶ [συμμάχων] τινά 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.65.9; ἐφεστάκει τινὰς πρὸς χρείαν [prev. author] 10.20.5; κύνα ἐπὶ ποίμνην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 26.22; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰς εὐθύνας [prev. author] 18.112)]: with infinitive, βουλὴν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῆς εὐκοσμίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.37)]:—passive, to be appointed, instituted, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (PTeb. 61 (b).358 (2nd c.BC), etc.)]
A.II.2 bring in, ἡ τύχη ἐπιστήσασα Ῥωμαίους [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.20.6)]; Φίλιππον ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασι to let him have a hand in the business, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.34.)]
A.II.3 bring in, cause, occasion, κατάπληξίν τισι [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.62)]; κίνδυνον, ἀγῶνά τινι, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Ἀννιβαϊκή” 55, “Syr.” 10; ἡ τύχη λοιμικὴν διάθεσιν ἐπέστησε Γαλάταις 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.20.7.)]
A.III set up, establish, ἀγῶνα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.167, 6.38)]: with accusative et infinitive, ordain, prescribe, ὁ νόμος ἐφίστησι τὰ λοιπὰ κρίνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a26)]; ἐπιστήσατε quid facere debeamus, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Plinius Rerum Naturalium Scriptor “Ep.” 6.31.12.)]
A.IV set by or near to, ἐπιστήσαντες κύκλῳ τὸ σῆμα ἱππέας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.72)]; especially place in rear, of troops, τὴν φάλαγγα τούτοις κατόπιν ἐ. [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.33.6, compare 1.26. 14.)]
A.V stop, cause to halt, ἐπιστῆσαι τὸ στράτευμα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.2.18)]; τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν πορείαν, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.112, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cimon” 1; τοὺς ἱππέας τοῦ πρόσω 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 5.16.1)]; ἐ. τὴν ὁρμήν check it, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.34.2)]; τὴν διήγησιν interrupt it, [Refs ([prev. author] 7.11.1)]; check, ἔμμηνα [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.125, compare “POxy.” 1088.20 (1st c.AD): _absolutely_, ἐπιστήσας (i.e. ἑαυτόν))] having halted, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.8.15)]:—passive, to be checked, stopped, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PPetr. 2p.62 (3rd c.BC))]; ἐὰν ἐφίστηται ἡ κοιλία [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.122.)]
A.VI ἐφίστημι τὴν διάνοιαν κατά τι, περί τινος, fix one's mind upon it, attend to it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.69, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b3, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char.Prooem.”, etc.; τὴν σκέψιν περί τινος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1090a2; τὸν λόγον [prev. author] “Juv.” 470b5; τὸν νοῦν τινι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 12.1; αὑτὸν ἐπιστήσας ἐπί τι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 135a26: ἐπιστῆσαι)] absolutely, give attention, τούτοις ἐπιστήσαντες [Refs 2nd c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mu.” 391a26; περί τινος [prev. author] “GC” 315b18; περί τι [prev. author] “HA” 487a13; ἐπί τι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.65.5, etc.)]; ἐπιστήσασι μᾶλλον λεκτέον one must speak with more care and accuracy, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1335b3, compare “EN” 1144a22; πότερον.. ἤ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator)]ad Them.265b; ὅτι.. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.97 (hence ἐπίσταμαι, ἐπιστήμη, which see).)]
A.VI.2 with accusative person, arrest the attention of, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Tiberius Gracchus” 17, compare 2.17e, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).105)]; ἐπιστῆσαί τινα ἐπί τι call his attention to, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.61.11, compare 4.34.9)]; τοῦ καιροῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διήγησιν ἐφεστακότος ἡμᾶς ἐπί τι having led us to.., [Refs ([prev. author] 10.21.2, compare 31.23.1)]: hence, object, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.5.)]
B intransitive in middle and passive, ἐφίσταμαι, aorist 1 ἐπεστάθην [[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus] “fragment” [1127.5], 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 819, “IT” 1375, etc.)], with perfect, pluperfect (Aeolic dialect pluperfect 3rd.pers. singular ἐπήστᾱκε [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Schwyzer” 646.16 (Cyme, 2nd c.BC): _Doric dialect_)]pluperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἐφεστάκεον [ᾱ] [Refs 4th c.BC+ (“SIG” 241.146 (Delph., 4th c.BC)))], and aorist 2 active: (the causal tenses are not found in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)], the middle or passive only in imperfect ἐφίστατο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.644)]; elsewhere always aorist 2 or perfect active with Epic dialect infinitive ἐφεστάμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.380))]:—stand upon, τεῖχος.. ῥύατ᾽ ἐφεσταότες [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.515; πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.373; δίφρῳ ἐφεσταότος 17.609, etc.; ἐπέστη βηλῷ ἔπι λιθέῳ 23.201; ἡ.. ἐπισταθεῖσα ὀρθή 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1051a28; ἐπὶ τὰς.. σχεδίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.46.8.)]
B.2 to be imposed upon, μόχθων τῶν ἐφεστώτων ἐμοί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1170.)]
B.3 stand on the top or surface, τὸ ἐπιστάμενον [τοῦ γάλακτος], i. e. cream, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.2; λιπαρότητες ἄνω ἐφιστάμεναι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 12)]; ἐ. καθάπερ ὀρρὸς [γάλακτι] [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.72)]; of vapour, form, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Juventute” 469b31.)]
B.II to be set over, ἐφίσταται πύλαις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 538; οἷός τε πολλοῖς προβατίοις ἐφεστάναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 955; οἷοι νῷν ἐφεστᾶσι σκοποί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 945; ἄρχοντες ἐφ᾽ ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἐ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 9.5; ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 460b; ἐπὶ τῆς πολιτείας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.298: rarely with _genitive_, τὸν ἐπεστεῶτα τῆς διώρυχος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.117; ὅσοι θεοῦ χρημάτων ἐφέστασαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1098: _absolutely_ in)]participle, ὁ ἐφεστηκώς the person in authority, the officer in command, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 21.9)]; οἱ ἐφεστῶτες, Ionic dialect οἱ ἐπεστεῶτες, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.148, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1072, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.19.)]
B.III stand by or near, ὣς πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.133; ἐπ᾽ ἄκρῳ χείλει ἐφεσταότες, ἐ. παρὰ τάφρῳ, 12.52, 199; θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο 11.644)]; ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.77, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 212d; ἐπὶ τοῖς προθύροις [prev. author] “Phlb.” 64c)]; especially of dreams or visions, appear to, εὕδοντι ἐπέστη ὄνειρος [NT+8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34, compare 7.14; ὄναρ κεφαλῆφιν ἐπέστη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.496; ἐπιστᾶσα τῆς νυκτός 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.65; ἄγγελος ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς NT.Luke.2.9)]: absolutely, stand by, [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.78; πολλῶν ἐφεστώτων 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Συριακή” 10; ἤμην ἐφεστώς NT.Act.22.20; οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.59; ὁ ἀντίδικος ἐφέστηκε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172e, compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.79)]; without hostile sense, ἐπέστης [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 558, cf. NT.Luke.2.38, etc.)]; of troops, to be posted after or behind, κατόπιν ἐ. τοῖς θηρίοις [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.18.7.)]
B.III.2 in hostile sense, stand against, τὰ φρονέοντες ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.703, compare 5.624; ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.203, compare 24.380)]; appear before, of an army, ἐπὶ τῇ πόλι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.203; ἐπὶ τὸ βασίλειον 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.58)]; come upon suddenly or by surprise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.69; ἐξαίφνης ἐπιστὰς τοῖς γιγνομένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.41, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 6.5, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 17.1; εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 18.9)]; so of events, etc., αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐ. ὄλεθρος [NT+2nd c.BC+ (NT.1Thes.5.3, cf. NT.Luke.21.34; διὰ τὸν ἐφεστῶτα ζόφον 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.20.7; διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα NT.Act.28.2.)]
B.III.3 metaphorically, of events, spring upon one, occur, πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδ᾽ ἐπέστη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 777, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.82)]; in perfect, impend, be at hand, τὸν ἐφεστηκότα κίνδυνον τῇ πόλει [NT+4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.176; ὁ καιρός.. ἐφέστηκε NT.2Tim.4.6; περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως.. ὁ λόγος ἐφέστηκε νῦν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a2, compare “Metaphorical” 999a25)]; of a more remote future, to be in store, lie in wait for, κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.326.)]
B.IV halt, stop, as in a march, ἄλλοτε καὶ ἄλλοτε ἐφιστάμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.26 (compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus V); ἐπιστὰς περιέμεινα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 172a: with _genitive_, ἐ. τοῦ πλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.91.)]
B.V fix one's mind on, give one's attention to, σφαγῇ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 547; τῇ τρύγῃ “PFlor.” 236.4 (3rd c.AD))]; ἐπί τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.29, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.60; τοῖς πράγμασιν.. ἐπιστάντες [prev. author] 4.12)]; ἐπιστάς absolutely (i.e. τοῖς πράγμασι), [Refs ([prev. author] 18.233; διὰ ταῦτ᾽ ἐγρήγορεν, ἐφέστηκεν [prev. author] 6.19.)]
C aorist 1 middle in causal sense, set up, τὰς θύρας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 8.7)]; set, post, φρουροὺς ἐπεστησάμην [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 8.2.19)]; τέλος ἐπιστήσασθαι, Latin finem imponere, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 802a:)]present is once so used, τοῦ με τήνδ᾽ ἐφίστασαι βάσι; why dost thou cause me to halt? [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 339.)]
C.2 ἐπιστησάμενος, intransitive, having been ἐπιστάτης, [Refs (“IGRom.” 4.1265 (from Thyatira).)]
Ionic dialect ἐπ-:
A causal in present, imperfect, future, and aorist 1 (also in the later perfect and pluperfect ἐφέστᾰκα, ἐφεστάκειν [ᾰ], see below 11.1, VI. 2):
A.I set, place upon, τεῖχος τείχει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.75; τι ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 116a; τι ἐπί τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 3.1.7; ὅρους ἐπὶ οἰκίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 41.6: _metaphorically_, ἐ. τὴν ἐκεῖ μοῖραν βίῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 498c; ἀνάγκην τινί 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.16.)]
A.II set over, μ᾽ Ἀπόλλων τῷδ᾽ ἐπέστησεν τέλει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1202; φύλακ᾽ ἐπέστησεν βοτ [prev. author] “Supp.” 303; ἐ. τινὰ ὕπαρχόν τισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.27; τινὰ παιδαγωγόν τινι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.122b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 2.1; τινὰ πεντηκοντόρῳ [prev. author] “An.” 5.1.15; τινὰ τοῖς πράγμασι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.27; τὸν νόμον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1292b28; ἐπὶ [συμμάχων] τινά 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.65.9; ἐφεστάκει τινὰς πρὸς χρείαν [prev. author] 10.20.5; κύνα ἐπὶ ποίμνην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 26.22; τινὰ ἐπὶ τὰς εὐθύνας [prev. author] 18.112)]: with infinitive, βουλὴν ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῆς εὐκοσμίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.37)]:—passive, to be appointed, instituted, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (PTeb. 61 (b).358 (2nd c.BC), etc.)]
A.II.2 bring in, ἡ τύχη ἐπιστήσασα Ῥωμαίους [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.20.6)]; Φίλιππον ἐ. τοῖς πράγμασι to let him have a hand in the business, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.34.)]
A.II.3 bring in, cause, occasion, κατάπληξίν τισι [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.62)]; κίνδυνον, ἀγῶνά τινι, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Ἀννιβαϊκή” 55, “Syr.” 10; ἡ τύχη λοιμικὴν διάθεσιν ἐπέστησε Γαλάταις 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.20.7.)]
A.III set up, establish, ἀγῶνα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.167, 6.38)]: with accusative et infinitive, ordain, prescribe, ὁ νόμος ἐφίστησι τὰ λοιπὰ κρίνειν τοὺς ἄρχοντας [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a26)]; ἐπιστήσατε quid facere debeamus, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Plinius Rerum Naturalium Scriptor “Ep.” 6.31.12.)]
A.IV set by or near to, ἐπιστήσαντες κύκλῳ τὸ σῆμα ἱππέας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.72)]; especially place in rear, of troops, τὴν φάλαγγα τούτοις κατόπιν ἐ. [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.33.6, compare 1.26. 14.)]
A.V stop, cause to halt, ἐπιστῆσαι τὸ στράτευμα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.2.18)]; τὴν ὁδόν, τὴν πορείαν, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 17.112, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Cimon” 1; τοὺς ἱππέας τοῦ πρόσω 2nd c.AD: Arrianus Historicus “Anabasis” 5.16.1)]; ἐ. τὴν ὁρμήν check it, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.34.2)]; τὴν διήγησιν interrupt it, [Refs ([prev. author] 7.11.1)]; check, ἔμμηνα [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.125, compare “POxy.” 1088.20 (1st c.AD): _absolutely_, ἐπιστήσας (i.e. ἑαυτόν))] having halted, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.8.15)]:—passive, to be checked, stopped, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PPetr. 2p.62 (3rd c.BC))]; ἐὰν ἐφίστηται ἡ κοιλία [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.122.)]
A.VI ἐφίστημι τὴν διάνοιαν κατά τι, περί τινος, fix one's mind upon it, attend to it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.69, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b3, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char.Prooem.”, etc.; τὴν σκέψιν περί τινος 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1090a2; τὸν λόγον [prev. author] “Juv.” 470b5; τὸν νοῦν τινι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 12.1; αὑτὸν ἐπιστήσας ἐπί τι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 135a26: ἐπιστῆσαι)] absolutely, give attention, τούτοις ἐπιστήσαντες [Refs 2nd c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mu.” 391a26; περί τινος [prev. author] “GC” 315b18; περί τι [prev. author] “HA” 487a13; ἐπί τι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 1.65.5, etc.)]; ἐπιστήσασι μᾶλλον λεκτέον one must speak with more care and accuracy, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1335b3, compare “EN” 1144a22; πότερον.. ἤ 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator)]ad Them.265b; ὅτι.. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.97 (hence ἐπίσταμαι, ἐπιστήμη, which see).)]
A.VI.2 with accusative person, arrest the attention of, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Tiberius Gracchus” 17, compare 2.17e, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).105)]; ἐπιστῆσαί τινα ἐπί τι call his attention to, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.61.11, compare 4.34.9)]; τοῦ καιροῦ τοῦ κατὰ τὴν διήγησιν ἐφεστακότος ἡμᾶς ἐπί τι having led us to.., [Refs ([prev. author] 10.21.2, compare 31.23.1)]: hence, object, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.5.)]
B intransitive in middle and passive, ἐφίσταμαι, aorist 1 ἐπεστάθην [[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus] “fragment” [1127.5], 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 819, “IT” 1375, etc.)], with perfect, pluperfect (Aeolic dialect pluperfect 3rd.pers. singular ἐπήστᾱκε [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Schwyzer” 646.16 (Cyme, 2nd c.BC): _Doric dialect_)]pluperfect 3rd.pers. plural ἐφεστάκεον [ᾱ] [Refs 4th c.BC+ (“SIG” 241.146 (Delph., 4th c.BC)))], and aorist 2 active: (the causal tenses are not found in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)], the middle or passive only in imperfect ἐφίστατο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.644)]; elsewhere always aorist 2 or perfect active with Epic dialect infinitive ἐφεστάμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.380))]:—stand upon, τεῖχος.. ῥύατ᾽ ἐφεσταότες [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.515; πύργῳ ἐφεστήκει 6.373; δίφρῳ ἐφεσταότος 17.609, etc.; ἐπέστη βηλῷ ἔπι λιθέῳ 23.201; ἡ.. ἐπισταθεῖσα ὀρθή 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1051a28; ἐπὶ τὰς.. σχεδίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.46.8.)]
B.2 to be imposed upon, μόχθων τῶν ἐφεστώτων ἐμοί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 1170.)]
B.3 stand on the top or surface, τὸ ἐπιστάμενον [τοῦ γάλακτος], i. e. cream, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.2; λιπαρότητες ἄνω ἐφιστάμεναι 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “προγνωστικόν” 12)]; ἐ. καθάπερ ὀρρὸς [γάλακτι] [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.72)]; of vapour, form, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Juventute” 469b31.)]
B.II to be set over, ἐφίσταται πύλαις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 538; οἷός τε πολλοῖς προβατίοις ἐφεστάναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 955; οἷοι νῷν ἐφεστᾶσι σκοποί 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 945; ἄρχοντες ἐφ᾽ ἑκάστῳ μέρει ἐ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 9.5; ἐπί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 460b; ἐπὶ τῆς πολιτείας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.298: rarely with _genitive_, τὸν ἐπεστεῶτα τῆς διώρυχος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.117; ὅσοι θεοῦ χρημάτων ἐφέστασαν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 1098: _absolutely_ in)]participle, ὁ ἐφεστηκώς the person in authority, the officer in command, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 21.9)]; οἱ ἐφεστῶτες, Ionic dialect οἱ ἐπεστεῶτες, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.148, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1072, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.19.)]
B.III stand by or near, ὣς πυκνοὶ ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.133; ἐπ᾽ ἄκρῳ χείλει ἐφεσταότες, ἐ. παρὰ τάφρῳ, 12.52, 199; θύρῃσιν ἐφίστατο 11.644)]; ἐπὶ τὰς πύλας, ἐπὶ τὰς θύρας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.77, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 212d; ἐπὶ τοῖς προθύροις [prev. author] “Phlb.” 64c)]; especially of dreams or visions, appear to, εὕδοντι ἐπέστη ὄνειρος [NT+8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.34, compare 7.14; ὄναρ κεφαλῆφιν ἐπέστη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.496; ἐπιστᾶσα τῆς νυκτός 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.65; ἄγγελος ἐπέστη αὐτοῖς NT.Luke.2.9)]: absolutely, stand by, [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.78; πολλῶν ἐφεστώτων 2nd c.AD: Appianus Historicus “Συριακή” 10; ἤμην ἐφεστώς NT.Act.22.20; οἱ λέβητες ἐπεστεῶτες 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.59; ὁ ἀντίδικος ἐφέστηκε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172e, compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.79)]; without hostile sense, ἐπέστης [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 558, cf. NT.Luke.2.38, etc.)]; of troops, to be posted after or behind, κατόπιν ἐ. τοῖς θηρίοις [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.18.7.)]
B.III.2 in hostile sense, stand against, τὰ φρονέοντες ἐφέστασαν ἀλλήλοισιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.703, compare 5.624; ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.203, compare 24.380)]; appear before, of an army, ἐπὶ τῇ πόλι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.203; ἐπὶ τὸ βασίλειον 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.58)]; come upon suddenly or by surprise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.69; ἐξαίφνης ἐπιστὰς τοῖς γιγνομένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.41, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 6.5, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 17.1; εἰς τοὺς ὄχλους 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 18.9)]; so of events, etc., αἰφνίδιος αὐτοῖς ἐ. ὄλεθρος [NT+2nd c.BC+ (NT.1Thes.5.3, cf. NT.Luke.21.34; διὰ τὸν ἐφεστῶτα ζόφον 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.20.7; διὰ τὸν ὑετὸν τὸν ἐφεστῶτα NT.Act.28.2.)]
B.III.3 metaphorically, of events, spring upon one, occur, πρίν μοι τύχη τοιάδ᾽ ἐπέστη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 777, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.82)]; in perfect, impend, be at hand, τὸν ἐφεστηκότα κίνδυνον τῇ πόλει [NT+4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.176; ὁ καιρός.. ἐφέστηκε NT.2Tim.4.6; περὶ τοῦ βασιλέως.. ὁ λόγος ἐφέστηκε νῦν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1287a2, compare “Metaphorical” 999a25)]; of a more remote future, to be in store, lie in wait for, κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.326.)]
B.IV halt, stop, as in a march, ἄλλοτε καὶ ἄλλοτε ἐφιστάμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.26 (compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus V); ἐπιστὰς περιέμεινα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 172a: with _genitive_, ἐ. τοῦ πλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.91.)]
B.V fix one's mind on, give one's attention to, σφαγῇ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 547; τῇ τρύγῃ “PFlor.” 236.4 (3rd c.AD))]; ἐπί τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.29, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.60; τοῖς πράγμασιν.. ἐπιστάντες [prev. author] 4.12)]; ἐπιστάς absolutely (i.e. τοῖς πράγμασι), [Refs ([prev. author] 18.233; διὰ ταῦτ᾽ ἐγρήγορεν, ἐφέστηκεν [prev. author] 6.19.)]
C aorist 1 middle in causal sense, set up, τὰς θύρας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Agesilaus” 8.7)]; set, post, φρουροὺς ἐπεστησάμην [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 8.2.19)]; τέλος ἐπιστήσασθαι, Latin finem imponere, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 802a:)]present is once so used, τοῦ με τήνδ᾽ ἐφίστασαι βάσι; why dost thou cause me to halt? [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 339.)]
C.2 ἐπιστησάμενος, intransitive, having been ἐπιστάτης, [Refs (“IGRom.” 4.1265 (from Thyatira).)]