Strong G686ἄρα
therefore
- Transliteration
- ara
- Pronunciation
- ar'-ah
- Morphology
- Greek Conjunction
Definition
Probably from G142 (through the idea of drawing a conclusion); a particle denoting an inference more or less decisive (as follows): - haply (what) manner (of man) no doubt perhaps so be then therefore truly wherefore. Often used in connection with other particles especially G1065 or G3767 (after) or G1487 (before). Compare also G687 .
Detailed definition
ἄρα,
illative particle, expressing a more subjective or informal inference than οὖν,
then: prop. (as in cl.), the second word in the sentence, Rom.7:21 8:1, Gal.3:7; ἐπεὶ ἄρα, 1Co.7:14 (with another word between) 5:10; as the first word, Luk.11:48, Act.11:18, Rom.10:17, 1Co.15:18, 2Co.5:15 7:12, Heb.4:9; so prop. in apodosis after protasis with εἰ, Mat.12:28, Luk.11:20, Gal.2:21 3:29 5:11, Heb.12:8 (κενὸν ἄρα), 1Co.15:14; often in interrogations, direct and indirect, τίς (τί) ἄρα, Mat.18:1 19:25, 27 24:45, Mrk.4:41, Luk.1:66 8:25 12:42 22:23, Act.12:18; εἰ ἄρα, Mrk.11:13, Act.8:22; εἴπερ ἄρα, 1Co.15:15; οὐκ ἄρα, Act.21:38; μήτι ἄρα, 2Co.1:17; in strengthened forms, ἄρα γε, ἄραγε, Mat.7:20 17:26, Act.17:27, and more frequently ἄρα οὖν (Epp. Paul.), so then, Rom.5:18 7:3, 25 8:12 9:16, 18 14:19, Gal.6:10, Eph.2:19, 1Th.5:6, 2Th.2:15 (Bl., §77, 2; 78, 5; MM, see word).†
(AS)
illative particle, expressing a more subjective or informal inference than οὖν,
then: prop. (as in cl.), the second word in the sentence, Rom.7:21 8:1, Gal.3:7; ἐπεὶ ἄρα, 1Co.7:14 (with another word between) 5:10; as the first word, Luk.11:48, Act.11:18, Rom.10:17, 1Co.15:18, 2Co.5:15 7:12, Heb.4:9; so prop. in apodosis after protasis with εἰ, Mat.12:28, Luk.11:20, Gal.2:21 3:29 5:11, Heb.12:8 (κενὸν ἄρα), 1Co.15:14; often in interrogations, direct and indirect, τίς (τί) ἄρα, Mat.18:1 19:25, 27 24:45, Mrk.4:41, Luk.1:66 8:25 12:42 22:23, Act.12:18; εἰ ἄρα, Mrk.11:13, Act.8:22; εἴπερ ἄρα, 1Co.15:15; οὐκ ἄρα, Act.21:38; μήτι ἄρα, 2Co.1:17; in strengthened forms, ἄρα γε, ἄραγε, Mat.7:20 17:26, Act.17:27, and more frequently ἄρα οὖν (Epp. Paul.), so then, Rom.5:18 7:3, 25 8:12 9:16, 18 14:19, Gal.6:10, Eph.2:19, 1Th.5:6, 2Th.2:15 (Bl., §77, 2; 78, 5; MM, see word).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G686 appears in 35 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- then14
- therefore5
- so4
- wherefore2
- be1
- doubt1
- truly1
First verses
- Matthew 7:20Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them.
- Matthew 12:28But if I cast out devils by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God is come unto you.
- Matthew 17:26Peter saith unto him, Of strangers. Jesus saith unto him, Then are the children free.
- Luke 11:20But if I with the finger of God cast out devils, no doubt the kingdom of God is come upon you.
- Luke 11:48Truly ye bear witness that ye allow the deeds of your fathers: for they indeed killed them, and ye build their sepulchres.
- Acts 11:18When they heard these things, they held their peace, and glorified God, saying, Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted repentance unto life.
- Romans 5:18Therefore as by the offence of one judgment came upon all men to condemnation; even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life.
- Romans 7:3So then if, while her husband liveth, she be married to another man, she shall be called an adulteress: but if her husband be dead, she is free from that law; so that she is no adulteress, though she be married to another man.
- Romans 7:21I find then a law, that, when I would do good, evil is present with me.
- Romans 7:25I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord. So then with the mind I myself serve the law of God; but with the flesh the law of sin.
- Romans 8:1There is therefore now no condemnation to them which are in Christ Jesus, who walk not after the flesh, but after the Spirit.
- Romans 8:12Therefore, brethren, we are debtors, not to the flesh, to live after the flesh.
- Romans 9:16So then it is not of him that willeth, nor of him that runneth, but of God that sheweth mercy.
- Romans 9:18Therefore hath he mercy on whom he will have mercy, and whom he will he hardeneth.
- Romans 10:17So then faith cometh by hearing, and hearing by the word of God.
- Romans 14:12So then every one of us shall give account of himself to God.
- Romans 14:19Let us therefore follow after the things which make for peace, and things wherewith one may edify another.
- 1 Corinthians 5:10Yet not altogether with the fornicators of this world, or with the covetous, or extortioners, or with idolaters; for then must ye needs go out of the world.
- 1 Corinthians 7:14For the unbelieving husband is sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified by the husband: else were your children unclean; but now are they holy.
- 1 Corinthians 15:14And if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἄρᾰ,
Epic dialect ῥά (which is enclitic and used after monosyllables, ἦ, ὅς, γάρ, etc., or words ending in a vowel or diphthong, e.g. ἐπεί), before a consonant ἄρ (perhaps cf. Lithuanian i[rtilde] 'and'): expressing consequence, then, or mere succession, there and then, and in many derived uses.
A EARLIER USAGE: to denote,
A.I immediate transition, there and then, straightway, ὣς φάτο βῆ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ Ὄνειρος[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.16)]: after a participle, ὣς εἰπὼν κατ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζετο[Refs 5th c.BC+ (1.68, +others; πυθόμενος.. εἶπε ἄ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.134, compare 9.9; ἐρωτώσης τῆς μητρὸς ἀπεκρίνατο ἄρα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.2; with other Particles, δέ, ἦ, ὡς, etc., compare ὁ δὲ Ἀστυάγης ἄ. εἶπεν [prev. work] 4.10: also after _adverbs_ of Time, τότε δή ῥα, τῆμος ἄρα, etc.)]; οὕτως ἄρα[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 259b)]; often in apodosi, as αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ θηήσατο.. αὐτίκ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἤλυθεν[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.77; repeated τὼ μὲν ἄρ᾽.. κεῖντο ἡ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽.. ἀγόρευε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.426)]: in enumerations, e. g. in Homer's catalogue, then, next, οἱ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ Ἀθήνας εἶχον[Refs (2.546)]; so in genealogies, Σίσυφος.. ὁ δ᾽ ἄ. Γλαῦκον τέκεθ᾽ υἱόν[Refs (6.154.)]
A.I.2 to draw attention, mark you! τὸν τρεῖς μὲν ἐπιρρήσσεσκον.. τῶν ἄλλων Ἀχιλεὺς δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐπιρρήσσεσκε καὶ οἶος[Refs (24.456; with _imperative_, ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε δὴ κατ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζευ 24.522)]: to point a moral or general statement, φευγόντων δ᾽ οὔτ᾽ ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή[Refs (5.532.)]
A.II connexion, such as,
A.II.1 that of antecedent and consequent, οἰνοχόει.. ἄσβεστος δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐνῶρτο γέλως[Refs (1.599, compare 24.507; τοὔνεκ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἄλγε᾽ ἔδωκε 1.96; frequently with οὕνεκα in protasi, 7.140, +others)]: also in questions, τίς τ᾽ ἄρ τῶν ὄχ᾽ ἄριστος ἔη; who then (say you) was.. ? [Refs (2.761: with _demonstrative_ Pronoun in recapitulation, ἀλλ᾽ υἱὸν Πριάμοιο.. τόν ῥ᾽ Ὀδυσεὺς βάλε)]he it was, whom.., [Refs (4.501: frequently in such phrases as ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας 2.35, +others; ὣς ἄρ᾽ ἔφη 1.584, +others; ἦ ῥα 3.355, +others)], thus, then he spoke.—This usage is universal in Greek.
A.II.2 explanation of that which precedes, χωόμενον κατὰ θυμὸν ἐϋζώνοιο γυναικὸς τήν ῥα.. ἀπηύρων whom (and for this cause he was angry) they had taken away, [Refs (1.429)]; εἰ μὴ ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος ἔκβαλε.. φῆ ῥ᾽ ἀέκητι θεῶν φυγέειν for he said, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.504: frequently with οὕνεκα)]; so with relatives, ἐκ δ᾽ ἔθορε κλῆρος ὃν ἄρ᾽ ἤθελον αὐτοί the very one which.., [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.182.)]
B LATER USAGE, always with inferential force: 1. in drawing conclusions (more subjective than οὖν), ἄριστον ἄ. ἡ εὐδαιμονία[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1099a24; δῆλον ἄ. [prev. author] “Pol.” 1295b33; in pseudo-syllogistic conclusions, [prev. author] “SE” 174b11, “Rh.” 1401a3, +others)]: especially by way of informal inference, as it seems, οὐκ ἄ. σοί γε πατὴρ ἦν Πηλεύς[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.33; οὐδ᾽ ἄ. πως ἦν ἐν πάντεσσ᾽ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα γενέσθαι 23.670; μάτην ἄρ᾽, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἥκομεν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 772)]; οὕτω κοινόν τι ἄ. χαρᾷ καὶ λύπῃ δάκρυά ἐστιν so true is it that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.32; πολὺ γὰρ ἀμείνων ἄ. ὁ τοῦ ἀδίκου ἢ ὁ τοῦ δικαίου βίος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 358c; ἦν ἄ. πυρός γ᾽ ἕτερα.. θερμότερα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 382; ὦ τλῆμον ἀρετή, λόγος ἄρ᾽ ἦσθα “Tragica Adespota” 374)]; so in announcing the discovery or correction of an error, as οὐκ ἐννενοήκαμεν ὅτι εἰσὶν ἄ... [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 375d; φαίνεται πρὸ ποδῶν ἡμῖν κυλινδεῖσθαι καὶ οὐχ ἑωρῶμεν ἄρ᾽ αὐτό [prev. work] 432d)]; εἰκότως ἄ. οὐκ ἐγίγνετο· ὡς γὰρ ἐγὼ νῦν πυνθάνομαι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.3.)]
B.2 in questions, expressing the anxiety of the questioner, τίς ἄ. ῥύσετα; who is there to save ? [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 92)]; so in exclamations to heighten the expression of emotion, οἵαν ἄρ᾽ ἥβην.. ἀπώλεσεν what a band of youth was that.. ! [Refs ([prev. author] “Pers.” 733)]; so ὡς ἄρα[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 472, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 577; τί μ᾽ ἄ. τί μ᾽ ὀλέκει; [prev. author] “Ant.” 1285; τί οὖν.. ἄ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 6.2)]; πῶς ἄ.; οὕτως ἄ., etc.; ἄ. alone, ἔζης ἄ.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 686)]: especially in ironical comments, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 476, 1371, etc.)]
B.3 epexegetic, namely, ἐρῶ, ὡς ἄ... [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 152d, compare 156e.)]
B.4 for τοι ἄρα, τἄρα, see entry τοι [Refs (11.2.)]
B.5 εἰ (or ἐάν) μὴ ἄ. unless perhaps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 38b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.4)]; separated from εἰ μή, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.20; with irony, εἰ μὴ ἄ. ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια διαφθορά ἐστιν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.8.)]
B.6 in hypothetical clauses, to indicate the improbability of the supposition, ἢν ἄ. ποτὲ κατὰ γῆν βιασθῶσιν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.93, etc.)]; or simply, perhaps (sometimes separated from εἰ), εἴ τις οὖν ὑμῶν ἄ... ὑπελάμβανεν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.8; εἴ τις ἰδίᾳ τινὰ δεδιὼς ἄ. ἀπρόθυμός ἐστιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.86.)]
C IN CRASIS, frequently τἄρα, μεντἄρα, οὐτἄρα: also δήξομἄρα for δήξομαι ἄ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 325)]; οἰμώξετἄρα, κλαύσἄρα, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Th.” 248, “Pax” 532: also in Trag., 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hyps.fragment” 34.86.)]
D ἄρα never stands first in the sentence in Classical Greek [Refs 4th c.BC+ ((4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mechanica” 851a22 is corrupt))], but is found at the beginning of an apodosis in [NT (NT.Matt.12.28, NT.Rom.10.17)], and first in a sentence, [NT+2nd c.AD+ (NT.Luke.11.48, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 305.20)]; in conclusion of syllogism, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.11.31.)]
Epic dialect ῥά (which is enclitic and used after monosyllables, ἦ, ὅς, γάρ, etc., or words ending in a vowel or diphthong, e.g. ἐπεί), before a consonant ἄρ (perhaps cf. Lithuanian i[rtilde] 'and'): expressing consequence, then, or mere succession, there and then, and in many derived uses.
A EARLIER USAGE: to denote,
A.I immediate transition, there and then, straightway, ὣς φάτο βῆ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ Ὄνειρος[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.16)]: after a participle, ὣς εἰπὼν κατ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζετο[Refs 5th c.BC+ (1.68, +others; πυθόμενος.. εἶπε ἄ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.134, compare 9.9; ἐρωτώσης τῆς μητρὸς ἀπεκρίνατο ἄρα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.3.2; with other Particles, δέ, ἦ, ὡς, etc., compare ὁ δὲ Ἀστυάγης ἄ. εἶπεν [prev. work] 4.10: also after _adverbs_ of Time, τότε δή ῥα, τῆμος ἄρα, etc.)]; οὕτως ἄρα[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 259b)]; often in apodosi, as αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ θηήσατο.. αὐτίκ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἤλυθεν[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.77; repeated τὼ μὲν ἄρ᾽.. κεῖντο ἡ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽.. ἀγόρευε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.426)]: in enumerations, e. g. in Homer's catalogue, then, next, οἱ δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ Ἀθήνας εἶχον[Refs (2.546)]; so in genealogies, Σίσυφος.. ὁ δ᾽ ἄ. Γλαῦκον τέκεθ᾽ υἱόν[Refs (6.154.)]
A.I.2 to draw attention, mark you! τὸν τρεῖς μὲν ἐπιρρήσσεσκον.. τῶν ἄλλων Ἀχιλεὺς δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐπιρρήσσεσκε καὶ οἶος[Refs (24.456; with _imperative_, ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε δὴ κατ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἕζευ 24.522)]: to point a moral or general statement, φευγόντων δ᾽ οὔτ᾽ ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή[Refs (5.532.)]
A.II connexion, such as,
A.II.1 that of antecedent and consequent, οἰνοχόει.. ἄσβεστος δ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἐνῶρτο γέλως[Refs (1.599, compare 24.507; τοὔνεκ᾽ ἄρ᾽ ἄλγε᾽ ἔδωκε 1.96; frequently with οὕνεκα in protasi, 7.140, +others)]: also in questions, τίς τ᾽ ἄρ τῶν ὄχ᾽ ἄριστος ἔη; who then (say you) was.. ? [Refs (2.761: with _demonstrative_ Pronoun in recapitulation, ἀλλ᾽ υἱὸν Πριάμοιο.. τόν ῥ᾽ Ὀδυσεὺς βάλε)]he it was, whom.., [Refs (4.501: frequently in such phrases as ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας 2.35, +others; ὣς ἄρ᾽ ἔφη 1.584, +others; ἦ ῥα 3.355, +others)], thus, then he spoke.—This usage is universal in Greek.
A.II.2 explanation of that which precedes, χωόμενον κατὰ θυμὸν ἐϋζώνοιο γυναικὸς τήν ῥα.. ἀπηύρων whom (and for this cause he was angry) they had taken away, [Refs (1.429)]; εἰ μὴ ὑπερφίαλον ἔπος ἔκβαλε.. φῆ ῥ᾽ ἀέκητι θεῶν φυγέειν for he said, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.504: frequently with οὕνεκα)]; so with relatives, ἐκ δ᾽ ἔθορε κλῆρος ὃν ἄρ᾽ ἤθελον αὐτοί the very one which.., [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.182.)]
B LATER USAGE, always with inferential force: 1. in drawing conclusions (more subjective than οὖν), ἄριστον ἄ. ἡ εὐδαιμονία[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1099a24; δῆλον ἄ. [prev. author] “Pol.” 1295b33; in pseudo-syllogistic conclusions, [prev. author] “SE” 174b11, “Rh.” 1401a3, +others)]: especially by way of informal inference, as it seems, οὐκ ἄ. σοί γε πατὴρ ἦν Πηλεύς[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.33; οὐδ᾽ ἄ. πως ἦν ἐν πάντεσσ᾽ ἔργοισι δαήμονα φῶτα γενέσθαι 23.670; μάτην ἄρ᾽, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἥκομεν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 772)]; οὕτω κοινόν τι ἄ. χαρᾷ καὶ λύπῃ δάκρυά ἐστιν so true is it that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.32; πολὺ γὰρ ἀμείνων ἄ. ὁ τοῦ ἀδίκου ἢ ὁ τοῦ δικαίου βίος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 358c; ἦν ἄ. πυρός γ᾽ ἕτερα.. θερμότερα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 382; ὦ τλῆμον ἀρετή, λόγος ἄρ᾽ ἦσθα “Tragica Adespota” 374)]; so in announcing the discovery or correction of an error, as οὐκ ἐννενοήκαμεν ὅτι εἰσὶν ἄ... [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 375d; φαίνεται πρὸ ποδῶν ἡμῖν κυλινδεῖσθαι καὶ οὐχ ἑωρῶμεν ἄρ᾽ αὐτό [prev. work] 432d)]; εἰκότως ἄ. οὐκ ἐγίγνετο· ὡς γὰρ ἐγὼ νῦν πυνθάνομαι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.3.)]
B.2 in questions, expressing the anxiety of the questioner, τίς ἄ. ῥύσετα; who is there to save ? [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 92)]; so in exclamations to heighten the expression of emotion, οἵαν ἄρ᾽ ἥβην.. ἀπώλεσεν what a band of youth was that.. ! [Refs ([prev. author] “Pers.” 733)]; so ὡς ἄρα[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 472, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 577; τί μ᾽ ἄ. τί μ᾽ ὀλέκει; [prev. author] “Ant.” 1285; τί οὖν.. ἄ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 6.2)]; πῶς ἄ.; οὕτως ἄ., etc.; ἄ. alone, ἔζης ἄ.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 686)]: especially in ironical comments, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 476, 1371, etc.)]
B.3 epexegetic, namely, ἐρῶ, ὡς ἄ... [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 152d, compare 156e.)]
B.4 for τοι ἄρα, τἄρα, see entry τοι [Refs (11.2.)]
B.5 εἰ (or ἐάν) μὴ ἄ. unless perhaps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 38b, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.4)]; separated from εἰ μή, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 9.20; with irony, εἰ μὴ ἄ. ἡ τῆς ἀρετῆς ἐπιμέλεια διαφθορά ἐστιν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.8.)]
B.6 in hypothetical clauses, to indicate the improbability of the supposition, ἢν ἄ. ποτὲ κατὰ γῆν βιασθῶσιν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.93, etc.)]; or simply, perhaps (sometimes separated from εἰ), εἴ τις οὖν ὑμῶν ἄ... ὑπελάμβανεν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.8; εἴ τις ἰδίᾳ τινὰ δεδιὼς ἄ. ἀπρόθυμός ἐστιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.86.)]
C IN CRASIS, frequently τἄρα, μεντἄρα, οὐτἄρα: also δήξομἄρα for δήξομαι ἄ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 325)]; οἰμώξετἄρα, κλαύσἄρα, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Th.” 248, “Pax” 532: also in Trag., 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hyps.fragment” 34.86.)]
D ἄρα never stands first in the sentence in Classical Greek [Refs 4th c.BC+ ((4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Mechanica” 851a22 is corrupt))], but is found at the beginning of an apodosis in [NT (NT.Matt.12.28, NT.Rom.10.17)], and first in a sentence, [NT+2nd c.AD+ (NT.Luke.11.48, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 305.20)]; in conclusion of syllogism, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Hermes Trismegistus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.11.31.)]