Berean Standard Bible
Esther 3:1
1After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him.
Esther 3:1 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him, and set his seat above all the princes that were with him.
- New International Version (NIV)After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him and giving him a seat of honor higher than that of all the other nobles.
- English Standard Version (ESV)After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman the Agagite, the son of Hammedatha, and advanced him and set his throne above all the officials who were with him.
- New King James Version (NKJV)After these things King Ahasuerus promoted Haman, the son of Hammedatha the Agagite, and advanced him and set his seat above all the princes who were with him.
Context of Esther 3:1
After these events, King Xerxes honored Haman son of Hammedatha, the Agagite, elevating him to a position above all the princes who were with him. 2All the royal servants at the king’s gate bowed down and paid homage to Haman, because the king had commanded that this be done for him. But Mordecai would not bow down or pay homage. 3Then the royal servants at the king’s gate asked Mordecai, “Why do you disobey the command of the king?”
Read all of Esther 3Esther 3:1 word by word
אַחַ֣ר׀ הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה גִּדַּל֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵר֜וֹשׁ אֶת־הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָאֲגָגִ֖י וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּ וַיָּ֙שֶׂם֙ אֶת־כִּסְא֔וֹ מֵעַ֕ל כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃Read the interlinear
- Afterאַחַר'achar · afterH310
- theseאֵ֫לֶּה'êlleh · theseH428
- eventsדָּבָרdâbâr · word: thingH1697
- Kingמֶ֫לֶךְmelek · kingH4428
- Xerxesאֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ'ăchashvêrôsh 'achashrôsh · AhasuerusH325
- ·אֵת'êth · [Obj.]H853
- honoredגָּדַלgâdal · to magnifyH1431
- Hamanהָמָןhâmân · HamanH2001
- sonבֵּןbên · son: childH1121
- of Hammedathaהַמְּדָתָאmedâthâ' · HammedathaH4099
- the Agagiteאֲגָגִי'ăgâgîy · AgagiteH91
- elevating himנָשָׂאnâώâ' nâsâh · to lift: exaltH5375
- elevating himשׂוּםώûm ώîym · to set: makeH7760
- to a positionכִּסֵּאkissê' kissêh · throne: seatH3678
- aboveעַל‛al · uponH5921
- allכֹּלkôl kôl · allH3605
- the princesשַׂרώar · rulerH8269
- whoאֲשֶׁר'ăsher · whichH834
- with himאֵת'êth · withH854
Cross-references for Esther 3:1
- Esther 7:6Esther replied, “The adversary and enemy is this wicked man—Haman!” And Haman stood in terror before the king and queen.
- Psalms 12:8The wicked wander freely, and vileness is exalted among men.
- Proverbs 29:2When the righteous flourish, the people rejoice, but when the wicked rule, the people groan.
- Numbers 24:7Water will flow from his buckets, and his seed will have abundant water. His king will be greater than Agag, and his kingdom will be exalted.
- 1 Samuel 15:8He captured Agag king of Amalek alive, but devoted all the others to destruction with the sword.
- Esther 1:14His closest advisors were Carshena, Shethar, Admatha, Tarshish, Meres, Marsena, and Memucan, the seven princes of Persia and Media who had personal access to the king and ranked highest in the kingdom.
- Genesis 41:40You shall be in charge of my house, and all my people are to obey your commands. Only with regard to the throne will I be greater than you.”
- Ezra 7:14You are sent by the king and his seven counselors to evaluate Judah and Jerusalem according to the Law of your God, which is in your hand.
- Daniel 6:2and over them three administrators, including Daniel, to whom these satraps were accountable so that the king would not suffer loss.
Commentaries on Esther 3:1
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary · v. 1Haman - the Agagite - Perhaps he was some descendant of that Agag, king of the Amalekites, spared by Saul, but destroyed by Samuel; and on this ground might have an antipathy to the Jews. Set his seat above all the princes - Made him his prime minister, and put all the officers of state under his direction.Read the comment
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible · v. 1The name, Haman, is probably the same as the Classical Omanes, and in ancient Persian, “Umana”, an exact equivalent of the Greek “Eumenes.” Hammedatha is perhaps the same as “Madata” or “Mahadata”, an old Persian name signifying “given by (or to) the moon.” The Agagite - The Jews generally understand by this expression “the descendant of Agag,” the Amalekite monarch of Esther 9:7-9 and his father, would seem to have been a genuine Persian. The Classical…Read the comment
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 1Haman seeks to destroy the Jews. (1-6) He obtains a decree against the Jews. (7-15) Verses 1-6 Mordecai refused to reverence Haman. The religion of a Jew forbade him to give honours to any mortal man which savoured of idolatry, especially to so wicked a man as Haman. By nature all are idolaters; self is our favourite idol, we are pleased to be treated as if every thing were at our disposal. Though religion by no means destroys good manners, but teaches us…Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1-15Haman's hatred for Mordecai grows into a plan to kill all the Jewish people.Read the comment
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1-151. After these things did king Ahasuerus promote Haman ... set his seat above all the princes--that is, raised him to the rank of vizier, or prime confidential minister, whose pre-eminence in office and power appeared in the elevated state chair appropriated to that supreme functionary. Such a distinction in seats was counted of vast importance in the formal court of Persia.Read the comment
Topics related to Esther 3:1
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on Esther 3
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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