Strong G5097τιμωρέω
to punish
- Transliteration
- timōreō
- Pronunciation
- tim-o-reh'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
From a compound of G5092 and οὖρος ouros (a guard); properly to protect one´ s honor that is to avenge (inflict a penalty): - punish.
Detailed definition
τιμωρέω, -ῶ
(τιμή + οὖρος, a guardian) [in LXX: Eze.5:17 14:15 (שָׁכֹל pi), Wis.12:20 18:8, al.;]
1. to help.
2. to avenge; mid., to avenge oneself on, punish (Hdt., Eur., al): act, in this sense, Act.22:5 26:11 (see MM, xxiv).†
(AS)
(τιμή + οὖρος, a guardian) [in LXX: Eze.5:17 14:15 (שָׁכֹל pi), Wis.12:20 18:8, al.;]
1. to help.
2. to avenge; mid., to avenge oneself on, punish (Hdt., Eur., al): act, in this sense, Act.22:5 26:11 (see MM, xxiv).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5097 appears in 2 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- punish2
First verses
- Acts 22:5As also the high priest doth bear me witness, and all the estate of the elders: from whom also I received letters unto the brethren, and went to Damascus, to bring them which were there bound unto Jerusalem, for to be punished.
- Acts 26:11And I punished them oft in every synagogue, and compelled them to blaspheme; and being exceedingly mad against them, I persecuted them even unto strange cities.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
τῑμωρ-έω,
future -ήσω[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.119, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.87, etc.)]:—middle, future -ήσομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 733, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.58)]: aorist ἐτιμωρησάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 378a)]:—passive, perfect τετῑμώρημαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.77, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 25.15)]: used in middle sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.2.8, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.20, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.32, and probably 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.67)]: aorist ἐτιμωρήθην [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PMich.Zen.” 57.9 (3rd c.BC))]:—to be an avenger, exact or seek to exact vengeance for, avenge, τινι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 261, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.103, 8.144, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 749, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 180a, etc.: _absolutely_, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.4: with _dative_ et _genitive_, τιμωρήσειν σοι τοῦ παιδός.. ὑπισχνοῦμαι)] uncertain reading in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.6.8:)] with accusative _of things_, τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον avenge his slaughter, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 28c, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 935: also τ. ὑπέρ τινος)] (for τινι) take vengeance for him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 907e, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.1)]; ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work]51: with _dative_ _of things_, τῷ θανάτῳ τοῦ πατρός 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.77: _absolutely_, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 729e)]:—middle, avenge or seek to avenge one's own relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 349, compare 399, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1117:)] — _impersonal_ in passive, Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται vengeance has been taken for him, he has been avenged, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.79 (but τετιμωρήσεαι ἐς.. Λεωνίδην must be taken in signification 1.3b)], thou wilt have taken vengeance in respect to L., [Refs ([prev. work] 78).)]
2 τιμωρεῖν τινα take vengeance on him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 140)]; τοὺς αὐτοέντας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 107; κελεύειν τιμωρεῖν ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ [τὸν Ἀγόρατον] ὡς φονέα ὄντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.42)], compare 92; Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου (variant{φόνον}) is taking vengeance on you for the murder of P., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 433)]:—passive, to be visited with vengeance, punished, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 525b, 525d, etc.; τετιμωρημένος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 25.15)]; ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα we have been punished, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 495.2 (3rd c.BC); ἱκανῶς τετιμώρημαι [prev. work]639.15 (3rd c.BC))]; εἰς τὸ -ηθῆναι αὐτούς [Refs (“PMich.Zen.” [same place]:)] —this sense is more frequently in
3 middle, avenge oneself upon, exact vengeance from, τινα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.53, 6.138, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1258, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 756, 882, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.3.11, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.121, etc.; ὡς.. οὐχ ὅπως τιμωρήσαιντο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπαινέσειαν τὸν Σφοδρίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.34)]; Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος Self-punisher, name of a play by Menander,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.15; ἀπαγαγών με εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον τετιμώρηταί με εἰσπράσσων δραχμὰς “PCair.Zen.” 492.7 (3rd c.BC):)] with genitive _of things_, τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος take vengeance on one for a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.145, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 558, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 6.31, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 213d, etc.: also τ. τινὰ ἀντί τινων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.135)]; περὶ (perhaps ὑπὲρ) τῶν πεπραγμένων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 14.2:)] less frequently with accusative _of things_, εἰ μή σ᾽ ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται will visit his sister's blood on thee, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 733, compare “Cyc.” 695.)]
3.b absolutely, avenge oneself, seek vengeance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.49, 7.8.β, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.84, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.5.19, etc.)]; ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ. visit with the extreme penalties, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 579a)]; τὸ τιμωρησόμενον the power to exact vengeance, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 26.4)]: the crime is sometimes added in a relative clause, τ. εἴ τι.. ἠδίκησαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.4.6; τ. ὅτι.. [prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.3.30: also τιμωρεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος)] exact vengeance for Greece, [Refs ([prev. author] “An.” 1.3.4.)]
II especially in present and imperfect, succour one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, help him to retaliate, τινι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141, 152, 2.63, 3.32, 65, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 136, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 718, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.86, 127, +others; εἰ τύπτοιτό τις αὐτῶν ὑπ᾽ ἐκείνων τινός, ἐβοήθεόν τε πάντες καὶ ἐτιμώρεον ἀλλήλοισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.138, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 1.4)]: absolutely, lend aid, give succour, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.18.)]
II.2 of medical aid, τ. τῷ παθήματι relieve it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 11; compare τιμωρία 11.2, and 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.494.)]
future -ήσω[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.119, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.87, etc.)]:—middle, future -ήσομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 733, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.58)]: aorist ἐτιμωρησάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 378a)]:—passive, perfect τετῑμώρημαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.77, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 25.15)]: used in middle sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.2.8, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 7.20, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.32, and probably 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.67)]: aorist ἐτιμωρήθην [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PMich.Zen.” 57.9 (3rd c.BC))]:—to be an avenger, exact or seek to exact vengeance for, avenge, τινι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 261, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.103, 8.144, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 749, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 180a, etc.: _absolutely_, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.4: with _dative_ et _genitive_, τιμωρήσειν σοι τοῦ παιδός.. ὑπισχνοῦμαι)] uncertain reading in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.6.8:)] with accusative _of things_, τ. τῷ ἑταίρῳ τὸν φόνον avenge his slaughter, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 28c, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 935: also τ. ὑπέρ τινος)] (for τινι) take vengeance for him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 907e, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.1)]; ὑπὲρ τοῦ δήμου [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work]51: with _dative_ _of things_, τῷ θανάτῳ τοῦ πατρός 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.77: _absolutely_, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 729e)]:—middle, avenge or seek to avenge one's own relative or friend, πατρὶ πάντα τιμωρουμένης [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 349, compare 399, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1117:)] — _impersonal_ in passive, Λεωνίδῃ τετιμώρηται vengeance has been taken for him, he has been avenged, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.79 (but τετιμωρήσεαι ἐς.. Λεωνίδην must be taken in signification 1.3b)], thou wilt have taken vengeance in respect to L., [Refs ([prev. work] 78).)]
2 τιμωρεῖν τινα take vengeance on him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 140)]; τοὺς αὐτοέντας[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 107; κελεύειν τιμωρεῖν ὑπὲρ αὑτοῦ [τὸν Ἀγόρατον] ὡς φονέα ὄντα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.42)], compare 92; Παλαμήδους σε τιμωρεῖ φόνου (variant{φόνον}) is taking vengeance on you for the murder of P., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 433)]:—passive, to be visited with vengeance, punished, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 525b, 525d, etc.; τετιμωρημένος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 25.15)]; ὧν ἡμάρτομεν τετιμωρήμεθα we have been punished, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Zenon Papyri du Caire 495.2 (3rd c.BC); ἱκανῶς τετιμώρημαι [prev. work]639.15 (3rd c.BC))]; εἰς τὸ -ηθῆναι αὐτούς [Refs (“PMich.Zen.” [same place]:)] —this sense is more frequently in
3 middle, avenge oneself upon, exact vengeance from, τινα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.53, 6.138, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1258, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 756, 882, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 2.3.11, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.121, etc.; ὡς.. οὐχ ὅπως τιμωρήσαιντο, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπαινέσειαν τὸν Σφοδρίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 5.4.34)]; Ἑαυτὸν τιμωρούμενος Self-punisher, name of a play by Menander,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.15; ἀπαγαγών με εἰς τὸ δεσμωτήριον τετιμώρηταί με εἰσπράσσων δραχμὰς “PCair.Zen.” 492.7 (3rd c.BC):)] with genitive _of things_, τιμωρεῖσθαί τινά τινος take vengeance on one for a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.145, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 558, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 6.31, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 213d, etc.: also τ. τινὰ ἀντί τινων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.135)]; περὶ (perhaps ὑπὲρ) τῶν πεπραγμένων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 14.2:)] less frequently with accusative _of things_, εἰ μή σ᾽ ἀδελφῆς αἷμα τιμωρήσεται will visit his sister's blood on thee, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 733, compare “Cyc.” 695.)]
3.b absolutely, avenge oneself, seek vengeance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.49, 7.8.β, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 13.84, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 5.5.19, etc.)]; ταῖς ἐσχάταις τιμωρίαις τ. visit with the extreme penalties, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 579a)]; τὸ τιμωρησόμενον the power to exact vengeance, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 26.4)]: the crime is sometimes added in a relative clause, τ. εἴ τι.. ἠδίκησαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.4.6; τ. ὅτι.. [prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.3.30: also τιμωρεῖσθαι ὑπὲρ τῆς Ἑλλάδος)] exact vengeance for Greece, [Refs ([prev. author] “An.” 1.3.4.)]
II especially in present and imperfect, succour one who has been attacked or has suffered injury, help him to retaliate, τινι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141, 152, 2.63, 3.32, 65, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 136, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 718, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.86, 127, +others; εἰ τύπτοιτό τις αὐτῶν ὑπ᾽ ἐκείνων τινός, ἐβοήθεόν τε πάντες καὶ ἐτιμώρεον ἀλλήλοισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.138, compare 2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 1.4)]: absolutely, lend aid, give succour, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.18.)]
II.2 of medical aid, τ. τῷ παθήματι relieve it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 11; compare τιμωρία 11.2, and 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.494.)]