Strong G4441πυνθάνομαι
to inquire
- Transliteration
- punthanomai
- Pronunciation
- poon-than'-om-ahee
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Middle voice prolonged from πύθω puthō a primary word (which occurs only as an alternate in certain tenses); to question that is ascertain by inquiry (as a matter of information merely; and thus differing from G2065 which properly means a request as a favor; and from G154 which is strictly a demand of something due; as well as from G2212 which implies a search for something hidden; and from G1189 which involves the idea of urgent need); by implication to learn (by casual intelligence): - ask demand enquire understand.
Detailed definition
πυνθώ᾽ομαι
[in LXX for דָּרַשׁ;]
1. to inquire: with accusative of thing(s), Jhn.4:42, Act.23:20; before quæst. indir., Mat.2:4, Luk.15:25 18:36, Act.10:18 21:33; quæst. dir., Act.4:7 10:20 23:10; before παρά, with genitive of person(s), Mat.2:4, Jhn.4:52.
2. to learn by inquiry: before ὅτι, Act.23:34.†
(AS)
[in LXX for דָּרַשׁ;]
1. to inquire: with accusative of thing(s), Jhn.4:42, Act.23:20; before quæst. indir., Mat.2:4, Luk.15:25 18:36, Act.10:18 21:33; quæst. dir., Act.4:7 10:20 23:10; before παρά, with genitive of person(s), Mat.2:4, Jhn.4:52.
2. to learn by inquiry: before ὅτι, Act.23:34.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G4441 appears in 12 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- ask7
- demand2
- enquire2
- understand1
First verses
- Matthew 2:4And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born.
- Luke 15:26And he called one of the servants, and asked what these things meant.
- Luke 18:36And hearing the multitude pass by, he asked what it meant.
- John 4:52Then enquired he of them the hour when he began to amend. And they said unto him, Yesterday at the seventh hour the fever left him.
- John 13:24Simon Peter therefore beckoned to him, that he should ask who it should be of whom he spake.
- Acts 4:7And when they had set them in the midst, they asked, By what power, or by what name, have ye done this?
- Acts 10:18And called, and asked whether Simon, which was surnamed Peter, were lodged there.
- Acts 10:29Therefore came I unto you without gainsaying, as soon as I was sent for: I ask therefore for what intent ye have sent for me?
- Acts 21:33Then the chief captain came near, and took him, and commanded him to be bound with two chains; and demanded who he was, and what he had done.
- Acts 23:19Then the chief captain took him by the hand, and went with him aside privately, and asked him, What is that thou hast to tell me?
- Acts 23:20And he said, The Jews have agreed to desire thee that thou wouldest bring down Paul to morrow into the council, as though they would enquire somewhat of him more perfectly.
- Acts 23:34And when the governor had read the letter, he asked of what province he was. And when he understood that he was of Cilicia;
Occurrences by book
Detailed Greek dictionary
πυνθάνομαι,
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.315, etc.)]; poetry also πεύθομαι (which see): Epic dialect imperfect πυνθανόμην [Refs (13.256)]: future πεύσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.19, etc.)], Doric dialect πευσοῦμαι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.51)] (so codex middle in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 988))]: aorist ἐπῠθόμην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5. 702)], etc., Epic dialect and Lyric poetry πυθόμην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.732, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 15.26)]; imperative πυθοῦ, Ionic dialect πυθεῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.68)]; Epic dialect optative πεπύθοιτο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.50, +others (_subjunctive_ πεπύθωνται is _falsa lectio_ for{γε πύθωνται}, 7.195))]; 3rd.pers. plural πυθοίατο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 921)]: perfect πέπυσμαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.505, etc.)]; 2nd pers. singular πέπῠσαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 310b)], Epic dialect πέπυσσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.494)]; infinitive πεπύσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.67, etc.)]; participle πεπυσμένος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 179e)]: pluperfect ἐπεπύσμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 615, “Av.” 470)]; 3rd.pers. singular ἐπέπυστο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.674, _Epic dialect_ πέπυστο [prev. work] 521)]; 3rd.pers. dual πεπύσθην [Refs (17.377)]:—learn, whether by hearsay or by inquiry (ἐξιστορήσαντες τὰ ἐβούλοντο πυθέσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.195): _construction_)]
1 π. τί τινος learn something from a person, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.408, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.537, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 599, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1417, etc.; also π. τι ἀπό τινος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 737; ἐξ ἄλλων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1266; ἐκ τοῦ παρατυχόντος 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.22)]; frequently παρά τινος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.91, etc.)]; παρ᾽ ἄλλων (variant{ἄλλων}) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.1.3.)]
2 with accusative of things only, hear or learn a thing, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.411, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 765, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.25, etc.: _absolutely_, αἰσχρὸν τόδε γ᾽ ἐστὶ καὶ ἐσσομένοισι πυθέσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.119, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 7.7, etc.; ὡς ἐγὼ πυνθάνομαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.22, etc.)]
3 with genitive objecti, hear or inquire concerning, πυθέσθαι πατρός, ἀγγελιάων, μάχης, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.281, 2.256, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.224, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 35, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 635b.)]
4 π. τινά τινος inquire about one person of or from another, τὸν ἄνδρα τῶν ὁδοιπόρων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 204; so π. περί τινος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.75; πᾶσαν πυθέσθαι τῶνδ᾽ ἀλήθειαν πέρι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 91)]: with accusative person only, inquire about a person, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 619.)]
5 with participle, πυθόμην ὁδὸν ὁρμαίνοντα that he was starting, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.732, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.58, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 692; π. τὸ Πλημμύριον ἑαλωκός 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.31, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.7.16, etc.)]; οὔ πω.. πεπύσθην Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος they had not yet heard of his being dead, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.377, compare 427, 19.322, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 763; ὡς ἐπύθοντο τῆς Πύλου κατειλημμένης 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.6: with _accusative_ _of things_ added, εἰ σφῶϊν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.257.)]
6 with accusative et infinitive, hear or learn that.. , [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.62, 5.15, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 103 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.25, etc.)]
7 followed by an interrogative clause, ὡς πυθώμεθα ὅπου ποτ᾽ ἐσμέν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 11)]; αὐτοῦ π. τί ποτε νοεῖ inquire or learn from him what.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 196c, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.3.25, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.107.6; π., ὅτεῳ.. συνοικέει 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.68)]; π. εἰ.. inquire whether.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 993, “IG” 42(1).121.18 (Epid., 4th c.BC))]; τοῦ ξένου ἡδέως ἂν π., τί ταῦθ᾽ ἡγοῦντο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 216d)]; π. τινῶν, ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.6.17)]; π., ὅπως ἂν κάλλιστα πορευθείη[Refs ([prev. work] 3.1.7, compare “Cyr.” 1.4.7.)]
II active, aorist 1 participle feminine πεύσασα having learned, [Refs 6th c.AD+ (PMasp. 5.7 (6th c.AD).)]
II.2 see at {πεύθω}.
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.315, etc.)]; poetry also πεύθομαι (which see): Epic dialect imperfect πυνθανόμην [Refs (13.256)]: future πεύσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.19, etc.)], Doric dialect πευσοῦμαι [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.51)] (so codex middle in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 988))]: aorist ἐπῠθόμην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5. 702)], etc., Epic dialect and Lyric poetry πυθόμην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.732, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 15.26)]; imperative πυθοῦ, Ionic dialect πυθεῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.68)]; Epic dialect optative πεπύθοιτο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.50, +others (_subjunctive_ πεπύθωνται is _falsa lectio_ for{γε πύθωνται}, 7.195))]; 3rd.pers. plural πυθοίατο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 921)]: perfect πέπυσμαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.505, etc.)]; 2nd pers. singular πέπῠσαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 310b)], Epic dialect πέπυσσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.494)]; infinitive πεπύσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.67, etc.)]; participle πεπυσμένος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 179e)]: pluperfect ἐπεπύσμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 615, “Av.” 470)]; 3rd.pers. singular ἐπέπυστο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.674, _Epic dialect_ πέπυστο [prev. work] 521)]; 3rd.pers. dual πεπύσθην [Refs (17.377)]:—learn, whether by hearsay or by inquiry (ἐξιστορήσαντες τὰ ἐβούλοντο πυθέσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.195): _construction_)]
1 π. τί τινος learn something from a person, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.408, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.537, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 599, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 1417, etc.; also π. τι ἀπό τινος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 737; ἐξ ἄλλων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1266; ἐκ τοῦ παρατυχόντος 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.22)]; frequently παρά τινος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.91, etc.)]; παρ᾽ ἄλλων (variant{ἄλλων}) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.1.3.)]
2 with accusative of things only, hear or learn a thing, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.411, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 765, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.25, etc.: _absolutely_, αἰσχρὸν τόδε γ᾽ ἐστὶ καὶ ἐσσομένοισι πυθέσθαι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.119, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 7.7, etc.; ὡς ἐγὼ πυνθάνομαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.22, etc.)]
3 with genitive objecti, hear or inquire concerning, πυθέσθαι πατρός, ἀγγελιάων, μάχης, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.281, 2.256, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.224, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 35, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 635b.)]
4 π. τινά τινος inquire about one person of or from another, τὸν ἄνδρα τῶν ὁδοιπόρων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 204; so π. περί τινος 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.75; πᾶσαν πυθέσθαι τῶνδ᾽ ἀλήθειαν πέρι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 91)]: with accusative person only, inquire about a person, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 619.)]
5 with participle, πυθόμην ὁδὸν ὁρμαίνοντα that he was starting, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.732, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.58, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 692; π. τὸ Πλημμύριον ἑαλωκός 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.31, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.7.16, etc.)]; οὔ πω.. πεπύσθην Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος they had not yet heard of his being dead, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.377, compare 427, 19.322, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 763; ὡς ἐπύθοντο τῆς Πύλου κατειλημμένης 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.6: with _accusative_ _of things_ added, εἰ σφῶϊν τάδε πάντα πυθοίατο μαρναμένοιιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.257.)]
6 with accusative et infinitive, hear or learn that.. , [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.62, 5.15, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 103 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.25, etc.)]
7 followed by an interrogative clause, ὡς πυθώμεθα ὅπου ποτ᾽ ἐσμέν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 11)]; αὐτοῦ π. τί ποτε νοεῖ inquire or learn from him what.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 196c, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.3.25, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 3.107.6; π., ὅτεῳ.. συνοικέει 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.68)]; π. εἰ.. inquire whether.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 993, “IG” 42(1).121.18 (Epid., 4th c.BC))]; τοῦ ξένου ἡδέως ἂν π., τί ταῦθ᾽ ἡγοῦντο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Sophista” 216d)]; π. τινῶν, ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.6.17)]; π., ὅπως ἂν κάλλιστα πορευθείη[Refs ([prev. work] 3.1.7, compare “Cyr.” 1.4.7.)]
II active, aorist 1 participle feminine πεύσασα having learned, [Refs 6th c.AD+ (PMasp. 5.7 (6th c.AD).)]
II.2 see at {πεύθω}.