Strong G1670ἕλκω
to draw/persuade
- Transliteration
- helkuō helkō
- Pronunciation
- hel-koo'-o hel'-ko
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Detailed definition
ἕλκω
(Hellenistic form ἑλκύω in Jhn.11:1-57. with, Act.16:19), [in LXX for מָשַׁךְ, etc.;]
to draw: with accusative of thing(s), Jhn.18:10 21:6; with accusative of person(s), before ἔξω, Act.21:30; εἰς, Act.16:19, Jas.2:6. Metaphorical, to draw, lead, impel: Jhn.6:44 12:32. (For discussion of ἕ. in Oxyrh. Log., see Deiss., LAE, 437 ff.)†
(AS)
(Hellenistic form ἑλκύω in Jhn.11:1-57. with, Act.16:19), [in LXX for מָשַׁךְ, etc.;]
to draw: with accusative of thing(s), Jhn.18:10 21:6; with accusative of person(s), before ἔξω, Act.21:30; εἰς, Act.16:19, Jas.2:6. Metaphorical, to draw, lead, impel: Jhn.6:44 12:32. (For discussion of ἕ. in Oxyrh. Log., see Deiss., LAE, 437 ff.)†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G1670 appears in 8 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- draw8
First verses
- John 6:44No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him: and I will raise him up at the last day.
- John 12:32And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me.
- John 18:10Then Simon Peter having a sword drew it, and smote the high priest’s servant, and cut off his right ear. The servant’s name was Malchus.
- John 21:6And he said unto them, Cast the net on the right side of the ship, and ye shall find. They cast therefore, and now they were not able to draw it for the multitude of fishes.
- John 21:11Simon Peter went up, and drew the net to land full of great fishes, an hundred and fifty and three: and for all there were so many, yet was not the net broken.
- Acts 16:19And when her masters saw that the hope of their gains was gone, they caught Paul and Silas, and drew them into the marketplace unto the rulers,
- Acts 21:30And all the city was moved, and the people ran together: and they took Paul, and drew him out of the temple: and forthwith the doors were shut.
- James 2:6But ye have despised the poor. Do not rich men oppress you, and draw you before the judgment seats?
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἕλκω
(ἑλκύω late, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (12th c.AD: Tzetzes, Joannes Grammaticus “Historiarum variarum chiliades” 6.621), 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.52, etc.)], imperfect
A εἷλκον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 39, etc.)], Epic dialect ἕλκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.213, +others (never εἵλκυον))]: future ἕλξω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 909, etc., rarely ἑλκύσω [ῠ] 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀγμῶν” 2, 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 174)]: aorist εἵλκῠσα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Batrachomyomachia 232, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.103)], Trag. and Attic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 987, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 540, “SIG” 2587.23, +others, etc.; ἥλκυσα “IG” 11(2).287 B 61 (Delos, 2nd c.BC), “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 4993,5006 (Egypt, 3rd c.AD))]; later εἷλξα, poetry ἕλξα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.370 (Tiberius Rhetor Ill.), 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Argonautica” 258, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “περὶ φυσικῶν δυνάμεων - Scripta Minora” 1.12)]: perfect εἵλκῠκα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.59)]; perfect participle ἑολκώς probably in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 177:)] —middle, future -ύσομαι (ἐφ-) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Antyllus Medicus cited in 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 6.10.9:)]aorist εἱλκυσάμην (ἀφ-) variant in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 11)], subjunctive ἀφελκύσωμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1120; rarely εἱλξάμην 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 4.534)]:—passive, future ἑλκυσθήσομαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 614 (ξυγκαθ-), 3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 358, ἑλχθήσομαι 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 7.7)]: aorist εἱλκύσθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.14, (ἐξ-) 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 688, ἑλκ- 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.140, ἡλκ- “IG” 12(7).115.11 (from Amorgos))]; later εἵλχθην [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.11, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 8.15, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 6.91)]: perfect εἵλκυσμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἐπικυήσιος” 16, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Rhesus” 576, 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 1.316, (καθ-) 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.50, ἕλκυσμαι (ἀν-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.98, ἥλκυσμαι “BGU” 1256.11 (2nd c.BC))]: pluperfect εἵλκυστο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.36.)] —In _Attic dialect_, ἕλκω, ἕλξω were alone used in present and future, while the other tenses were formed from ἑλκυ-; compare ἑλκέω (which see), ἑλκυστάζω. In [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus)] rejected the augment (Cf. Latin sulcus, Lithuanian velkù 'drag'):— draw, drag, with collateralnotion of force or exertion, ὣς εἰπὼν ποδὸς ἕλκε began to drag [the dead body] by the foot, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.383; ἤν περ.. ποδῶν ἕλκωσι θύραζε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.276; τινὰ τῆς ῥινός 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Herm.” 73; Ἕκτορα.. περὶ σῆμ᾽ ἑτάροιο ἕλκει 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.52)]; drag away a prisoner, [Refs (22.65 (_passive_))]; draw ships down to the sea, [Refs (2.152)], etc.; draw along a felled tree, [Refs (17.743)]; of mules, draw a chariot, [Refs (24.324)]; ἑλκέμεναι νειοῖο.. πηκτὸν ἄροτρον draw the plough through the field, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (10.353, compare 23.518; ἕ. τινὰ ἐπὶ κνάφου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.92)]; περιβαλόντας σχοινία ἕ. haul at them, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.85.)]
A.2 draw after one, ἐν δ᾽ ἔπεσ᾽ Ὠκεανῷ.. φάος ἠελίοιο, ἕλκον νύκτα μέλαιναν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.486)]; πέδας ἕ. trail fetters after one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.129)]; ἕ. χλανίδα let one's cloak trail behind, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Ephippus Comicus 19 (_anapaest meter_); θοἰμάτιον 5th-6th c.BC: Archippus Comicus 45.)]
A.3 tear in pieces (used by [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in the form ἑλκέω), ὀνύχεσσι παρειάν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 280)]; worry, τὰς κύνας ὥλαφος ἕλκοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 1.135; ἑλκυσθῆναι ὑπὸ κυνός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.140.)]
A.3.b metaphorically, carp at, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.103.)]
A.4 draw a bow, ἕλκε.. γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.122, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.419, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.21, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.2.28, etc.)]
A.5 draw a sword, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1233, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Rhesus” 576 (_passive_))]:—middle, ἕλκετο δ᾽ ἐκ κολεοῖο.. ξίφος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.194.)]
A.6 ἕ. ἱστία hoist sails, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.426)]:—also in middle,[Refs (“hymnus ad Bacchum” 32.)]
A.7 lift up scales, so as to poise them, ἕλκε δὲ μέσσα λαβών [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.72, 22.212.)]
A.II after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus,)]
A.II.1 pull a barge-pole, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.194.)]
A.II.2 tow a ship, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, etc.)]
A.II.3 drag into court, ἕλκω σε κλητεύσοντα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1218, compare 1004 (_passive_))]; εἰς ἀγοράν [NT (NT.Act.16.19)]; drag about, especially with lewd violence, ἕλκει καὶ βιάζεται [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.150; μηδένα ἕλξειν μηδ᾽ ὑβριεῖν [prev. work] 221; ἕλκειν γυναῖκα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.12: _metaphorically_, ἄνω κάτω τοὺς λόγους ἕ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 195c, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Sophistici Elenchi” 167a35; ἡμέας ὁ καιρὸς ἕλκει 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 2.10)]; also ἥλκυσμαι λαμπαδάρχης I have been compelled to serve as λ., [Refs (“BGU” [prev. cited])]
A.II.4 draw or suck up, [ἥλιος] ἕλκει τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπ᾽ ἑωυτόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.25)]; ἕ. τὸν ἀέρα draw it in, breathe it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 19, 5th-4th c.BC: Timaeus Locrus Philosophus 101d (_passive_),compare 5th c.BC: Philyllius Comicus 20: ζωὴν φύσιν Archel. cited in 3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus “Mirabilia” 89)]; especially of persons drinking, drink in long draughts, quaff, μέθυ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1200; ἄμυστιν [prev. author] “Cyc.” 417)]; τὴν.. τοῦ Πραμνίου [σπονδήν] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 107)]; οἶνον ἐκ.. λεπαστῆς Telecl[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 24 (Lyric poetry); ἀπνευστί 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 74.14, etc.)]: with accusative of the cup, δέπας μεστὸν.. ἕλκουσι γνάθοις ἀπαύστοις [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 237, compare 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 56.7, +others)]; so ἕ. μαστόν suck it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 987)]; inhale, ὀσμήν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus “Mirabilia” 89)]; of roots, draw up nourishment, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 1.6.10: _metaphorically_, χανδὸν καὶ ἀμυστὶ τῶν μαθηυάτων ἕ. 4th-5th c.AD: Eunapius Historicus “Vitae Sophistarum” p.474D.)]
A.II.5 draw from a receptacle, ἐξ ἑκάστου κιβωτίου πινάκιον ἕν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 64.1.)]
A.II.6 ἕ. βίοτον, ζόαν, drag out a weary life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 207 (Lyric poetry), “Ph.” 1535 (Lyric poetry))]; προφάσιας ἕ. keep making excuses, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.86; πάσας τε προφάσεις.. ἕλκουσι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 727)]; ἕ. χρόνους make long, in prosody, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor “Proll. Heph.” p.83C.: hence _intransitive_, ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο λέγεται ἑλκύσαι τὴν σύστασιν..)] that the conflict dragged on, lasted, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167, compare “PHib.” 1.83.9 (3rd c.BC))]:—passive, τῶν ἐγκλημάτων εἱκλυσμένων πλείονα χρόνον [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Supp.epigram” 2.281 (Delph., 2nd c.BC))]; also of a person, ἑλκόμενος καὶ μόγις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 350d.)]
A.II.7 ἕ. κόρδακα dance in long, measured steps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 540)]; ἓν τουτὶ (σχῆμα) [Refs ([prev. author] “Pax” 328.)]
A.II.8 draw to oneself, attract, of the magnet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 567; by spells, τινὰ ποτὶ δῶμα 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.17, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.18, 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 4.4.40, etc.)]; πείθειν καὶ ἑ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 458d; ἐχθροὺς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτόν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.59)]; draw on, ἐπὶ ἡδονάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 238a; εἰς τυραννίδας ἕ. τὰς πολιτείας [prev. author] “R.” 568c)]:—passive, to be drawn on as by a spell, ἴυγγι δ᾽ ἕλκομαι ἦτορ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.35; πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 494e.)]
A.II.9 of things weighed, ἕ. σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα draw down the balance, i.e. weigh ten talents, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.50, compare 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 116: _absolutely_, τὸ δ᾽ ἂν ἑλκύσῃ)] whatever it weigh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.65)]; πλεῖον ἕ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Minos” 316a.)]
A.II.9.b ἕ. τὰς ψήφους cast up the account, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PPetr.” 2p.37 (3rd c.BC), “PHib.” 1.17.25 (3rd c.BC).)]
A.II.10 draw or derive from a source, ἐντεῦθεν εἵλκυσεν ἐπὶ τὴν.. τέχνην τὸ πρός φορον αὐτῇ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 270a, compare 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 7.207a; τὸ γένος ἀπό τινος 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 11.9.3)]; assume, μείζω φαντασίαν [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 32.10.5; ὁ ἄρτος ἕλκει χρῶμα κάλλιστον 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.113c.)]
A.II.11 ἑλκύσαι πλίνθους make bricks, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, compare “PPetr.” 3p.137)]; ἕ. λάγανον Chrysipp. Tyan. cited in [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 14.647e.)]
A.II.12 αἱ θυρίδες ἕλκουσι the win dows draw in air, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Ventis” 29.)]
A.II.13 ἕ. ἑαυτόν, expressing some kind of athletic exercise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 135d.)]
B middle, ἕ. χαίτας ἐκ κεφαλῆς tear one's hair, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.15)]; ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον drew his chair nearer to the fire, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.506, compare 7th-6th c.BC(?): Semonides Iambographus 7.26.)]
B.2 draw to oneself, scrape up, amass, τιμάς, ἄφενος ἕλκεσθαι, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 30.)]
B.3 ἕλκεσθαι στάθμας περισσᾶς in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.90)], means literal, to drag at too great a line, i.e.grasp more than one's due-- but whence the metaphor is taken remains unexplained.
C passive, to be drawn or wrenched, νῶτα.. ἑλκόμενα στερεῶς, of wrestlers, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.715)]; of the nails, to be curved, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 2.48)]; to close in when the core is removed, of the timber of certain trees, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 5.5.2.)]
C.2 to be drawn or to flow at a place, of streams, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 702; πρὸς ἀντολίην ἕ. αἶα 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 1086.)]
C.3 to be drawn or contracted, εἱλκύσθη ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ τράχηλος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.14.)]
(ἑλκύω late, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (12th c.AD: Tzetzes, Joannes Grammaticus “Historiarum variarum chiliades” 6.621), 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.52, etc.)], imperfect
A εἷλκον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 39, etc.)], Epic dialect ἕλκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.213, +others (never εἵλκυον))]: future ἕλξω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 909, etc., rarely ἑλκύσω [ῠ] 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀγμῶν” 2, 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 174)]: aorist εἵλκῠσα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Batrachomyomachia 232, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.103)], Trag. and Attic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 987, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 540, “SIG” 2587.23, +others, etc.; ἥλκυσα “IG” 11(2).287 B 61 (Delos, 2nd c.BC), “CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 4993,5006 (Egypt, 3rd c.AD))]; later εἷλξα, poetry ἕλξα [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.370 (Tiberius Rhetor Ill.), 5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Argonautica” 258, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “περὶ φυσικῶν δυνάμεων - Scripta Minora” 1.12)]: perfect εἵλκῠκα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.59)]; perfect participle ἑολκώς probably in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 177:)] —middle, future -ύσομαι (ἐφ-) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Antyllus Medicus cited in 4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus 6.10.9:)]aorist εἱλκυσάμην (ἀφ-) variant in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἄρθρων ἐμβολῆς” 11)], subjunctive ἀφελκύσωμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 1120; rarely εἱλξάμην 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 4.534)]:—passive, future ἑλκυσθήσομαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 614 (ξυγκαθ-), 3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 358, ἑλχθήσομαι 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “de Usu Partium” 7.7)]: aorist εἱλκύσθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.14, (ἐξ-) 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 688, ἑλκ- 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.140, ἡλκ- “IG” 12(7).115.11 (from Amorgos))]; later εἵλχθην [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.11, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Philostratus Sophista “Vita Apollonii” 8.15, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 6.91)]: perfect εἵλκυσμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἐπικυήσιος” 16, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Rhesus” 576, 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 1.316, (καθ-) 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.50, ἕλκυσμαι (ἀν-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.98, ἥλκυσμαι “BGU” 1256.11 (2nd c.BC))]: pluperfect εἵλκυστο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.36.)] —In _Attic dialect_, ἕλκω, ἕλξω were alone used in present and future, while the other tenses were formed from ἑλκυ-; compare ἑλκέω (which see), ἑλκυστάζω. In [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus)] rejected the augment (Cf. Latin sulcus, Lithuanian velkù 'drag'):— draw, drag, with collateralnotion of force or exertion, ὣς εἰπὼν ποδὸς ἕλκε began to drag [the dead body] by the foot, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.383; ἤν περ.. ποδῶν ἕλκωσι θύραζε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.276; τινὰ τῆς ῥινός 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Herm.” 73; Ἕκτορα.. περὶ σῆμ᾽ ἑτάροιο ἕλκει 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.52)]; drag away a prisoner, [Refs (22.65 (_passive_))]; draw ships down to the sea, [Refs (2.152)], etc.; draw along a felled tree, [Refs (17.743)]; of mules, draw a chariot, [Refs (24.324)]; ἑλκέμεναι νειοῖο.. πηκτὸν ἄροτρον draw the plough through the field, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (10.353, compare 23.518; ἕ. τινὰ ἐπὶ κνάφου 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.92)]; περιβαλόντας σχοινία ἕ. haul at them, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.85.)]
A.2 draw after one, ἐν δ᾽ ἔπεσ᾽ Ὠκεανῷ.. φάος ἠελίοιο, ἕλκον νύκτα μέλαιναν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.486)]; πέδας ἕ. trail fetters after one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.129)]; ἕ. χλανίδα let one's cloak trail behind, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Ephippus Comicus 19 (_anapaest meter_); θοἰμάτιον 5th-6th c.BC: Archippus Comicus 45.)]
A.3 tear in pieces (used by [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in the form ἑλκέω), ὀνύχεσσι παρειάν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 280)]; worry, τὰς κύνας ὥλαφος ἕλκοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 1.135; ἑλκυσθῆναι ὑπὸ κυνός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.140.)]
A.3.b metaphorically, carp at, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.103.)]
A.4 draw a bow, ἕλκε.. γλυφίδας τε λαβὼν καὶ νεῦρα βόεια [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.122, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 21.419, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.21, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.2.28, etc.)]
A.5 draw a sword, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1233, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Rhesus” 576 (_passive_))]:—middle, ἕλκετο δ᾽ ἐκ κολεοῖο.. ξίφος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.194.)]
A.6 ἕ. ἱστία hoist sails, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.426)]:—also in middle,[Refs (“hymnus ad Bacchum” 32.)]
A.7 lift up scales, so as to poise them, ἕλκε δὲ μέσσα λαβών [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.72, 22.212.)]
A.II after [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus,)]
A.II.1 pull a barge-pole, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.194.)]
A.II.2 tow a ship, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.90, etc.)]
A.II.3 drag into court, ἕλκω σε κλητεύσοντα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 1218, compare 1004 (_passive_))]; εἰς ἀγοράν [NT (NT.Act.16.19)]; drag about, especially with lewd violence, ἕλκει καὶ βιάζεται [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.150; μηδένα ἕλξειν μηδ᾽ ὑβριεῖν [prev. work] 221; ἕλκειν γυναῖκα 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.12: _metaphorically_, ἄνω κάτω τοὺς λόγους ἕ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 195c, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Sophistici Elenchi” 167a35; ἡμέας ὁ καιρὸς ἕλκει 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 2.10)]; also ἥλκυσμαι λαμπαδάρχης I have been compelled to serve as λ., [Refs (“BGU” [prev. cited])]
A.II.4 draw or suck up, [ἥλιος] ἕλκει τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπ᾽ ἑωυτόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.25)]; ἕ. τὸν ἀέρα draw it in, breathe it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 19, 5th-4th c.BC: Timaeus Locrus Philosophus 101d (_passive_),compare 5th c.BC: Philyllius Comicus 20: ζωὴν φύσιν Archel. cited in 3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus “Mirabilia” 89)]; especially of persons drinking, drink in long draughts, quaff, μέθυ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1200; ἄμυστιν [prev. author] “Cyc.” 417)]; τὴν.. τοῦ Πραμνίου [σπονδήν] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 107)]; οἶνον ἐκ.. λεπαστῆς Telecl[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 24 (Lyric poetry); ἀπνευστί 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 74.14, etc.)]: with accusative of the cup, δέπας μεστὸν.. ἕλκουσι γνάθοις ἀπαύστοις [Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 237, compare 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 56.7, +others)]; so ἕ. μαστόν suck it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 987)]; inhale, ὀσμήν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Antigonus Carystius Paradoxographus “Mirabilia” 89)]; of roots, draw up nourishment, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 1.6.10: _metaphorically_, χανδὸν καὶ ἀμυστὶ τῶν μαθηυάτων ἕ. 4th-5th c.AD: Eunapius Historicus “Vitae Sophistarum” p.474D.)]
A.II.5 draw from a receptacle, ἐξ ἑκάστου κιβωτίου πινάκιον ἕν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 64.1.)]
A.II.6 ἕ. βίοτον, ζόαν, drag out a weary life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 207 (Lyric poetry), “Ph.” 1535 (Lyric poetry))]; προφάσιας ἕ. keep making excuses, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.86; πάσας τε προφάσεις.. ἕλκουσι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Lysistrata” 727)]; ἕ. χρόνους make long, in prosody, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor “Proll. Heph.” p.83C.: hence _intransitive_, ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο λέγεται ἑλκύσαι τὴν σύστασιν..)] that the conflict dragged on, lasted, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.167, compare “PHib.” 1.83.9 (3rd c.BC))]:—passive, τῶν ἐγκλημάτων εἱκλυσμένων πλείονα χρόνον [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Supp.epigram” 2.281 (Delph., 2nd c.BC))]; also of a person, ἑλκόμενος καὶ μόγις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 350d.)]
A.II.7 ἕ. κόρδακα dance in long, measured steps, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 540)]; ἓν τουτὶ (σχῆμα) [Refs ([prev. author] “Pax” 328.)]
A.II.8 draw to oneself, attract, of the magnet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 567; by spells, τινὰ ποτὶ δῶμα 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.17, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.18, 3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 4.4.40, etc.)]; πείθειν καὶ ἑ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 458d; ἐχθροὺς ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτόν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 22.59)]; draw on, ἐπὶ ἡδονάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 238a; εἰς τυραννίδας ἕ. τὰς πολιτείας [prev. author] “R.” 568c)]:—passive, to be drawn on as by a spell, ἴυγγι δ᾽ ἕλκομαι ἦτορ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.35; πρὸς φιλοσοφίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 494e.)]
A.II.9 of things weighed, ἕ. σταθμὸν τάλαντα δέκα draw down the balance, i.e. weigh ten talents, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.50, compare 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 116: _absolutely_, τὸ δ᾽ ἂν ἑλκύσῃ)] whatever it weigh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.65)]; πλεῖον ἕ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Minos” 316a.)]
A.II.9.b ἕ. τὰς ψήφους cast up the account, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“PPetr.” 2p.37 (3rd c.BC), “PHib.” 1.17.25 (3rd c.BC).)]
A.II.10 draw or derive from a source, ἐντεῦθεν εἵλκυσεν ἐπὶ τὴν.. τέχνην τὸ πρός φορον αὐτῇ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 270a, compare 4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 7.207a; τὸ γένος ἀπό τινος 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 11.9.3)]; assume, μείζω φαντασίαν [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 32.10.5; ὁ ἄρτος ἕλκει χρῶμα κάλλιστον 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.113c.)]
A.II.11 ἑλκύσαι πλίνθους make bricks, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.179, compare “PPetr.” 3p.137)]; ἕ. λάγανον Chrysipp. Tyan. cited in [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 14.647e.)]
A.II.12 αἱ θυρίδες ἕλκουσι the win dows draw in air, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “de Ventis” 29.)]
A.II.13 ἕ. ἑαυτόν, expressing some kind of athletic exercise, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Parmenides” 135d.)]
B middle, ἕ. χαίτας ἐκ κεφαλῆς tear one's hair, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.15)]; ἀσσοτέρω πυρὸς ἕλκετο δίφρον drew his chair nearer to the fire, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.506, compare 7th-6th c.BC(?): Semonides Iambographus 7.26.)]
B.2 draw to oneself, scrape up, amass, τιμάς, ἄφενος ἕλκεσθαι, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 30.)]
B.3 ἕλκεσθαι στάθμας περισσᾶς in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 2.90)], means literal, to drag at too great a line, i.e.grasp more than one's due-- but whence the metaphor is taken remains unexplained.
C passive, to be drawn or wrenched, νῶτα.. ἑλκόμενα στερεῶς, of wrestlers, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.715)]; of the nails, to be curved, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 2.48)]; to close in when the core is removed, of the timber of certain trees, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 5.5.2.)]
C.2 to be drawn or to flow at a place, of streams, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Lycophron Tragicus 702; πρὸς ἀντολίην ἕ. αἶα 2nd c.AD: Dionysius Periegeta 1086.)]
C.3 to be drawn or contracted, εἱλκύσθη ἐπὶ τὰ δεξιὰ τράχηλος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 4.14.)]