Strong G1492G1492Iεἴδω
to perceive: know
One of the 3 senses of Strong G1492
- Transliteration
- eidō
- Pronunciation
- i'-do
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
A primary verb; used only in certain past tenses the others being borrowed from the equivalent G3700 and G3708; properly to see (literally or figuratively); by implication (in the perfect only) to know : - be aware behold X can (+ not tell) consider (have) known (-ledge) look (on) perceive see be sure tell understand wist wot. Compare G3700 .
Detailed definition
οἶδα, (from same root as εἶδον, which see),
[in LXX chiefly for ידע;] pf. with present meaning (plpf. as impf.; on irregular tense-forms, see App.),
to have seen or perceived, hence, to know, have knowledge of: with accusative of thing(s), Mat.25:13, Mrk.10:19, Jhn.10:4, Rom.7:7, al.; with accusative of person(s), Mat.26:72, Jhn.1:31, Act.3:16, al.; τ. θεόν, 1Th.4:5, Tit.1:16, al.; with accusative and inf., Luk.4:41, al.; before ὅτι, Mat.9:6, Luk.20:21, Jhn.3:2, Rom.2:2 11:2, al.; before quaest. indir., Mat.26:70, Jhn.9:21, Eph.1:18, al.; with inf., to know how (cl.), Mat.7:11, Luk.11:13, Php.4:12, 1Th.4:4, al.; in unique sense of respect, appreciate: 1Th.5:12 (but see also ICC on 1Th.4:4).
SYN.: see: γινώσκω. (AS)
[in LXX chiefly for ידע;] pf. with present meaning (plpf. as impf.; on irregular tense-forms, see App.),
to have seen or perceived, hence, to know, have knowledge of: with accusative of thing(s), Mat.25:13, Mrk.10:19, Jhn.10:4, Rom.7:7, al.; with accusative of person(s), Mat.26:72, Jhn.1:31, Act.3:16, al.; τ. θεόν, 1Th.4:5, Tit.1:16, al.; with accusative and inf., Luk.4:41, al.; before ὅτι, Mat.9:6, Luk.20:21, Jhn.3:2, Rom.2:2 11:2, al.; before quaest. indir., Mat.26:70, Jhn.9:21, Eph.1:18, al.; with inf., to know how (cl.), Mat.7:11, Luk.11:13, Php.4:12, 1Th.4:4, al.; in unique sense of respect, appreciate: 1Th.5:12 (but see also ICC on 1Th.4:4).
SYN.: see: γινώσκω. (AS)
In the Bible
Strong G1492I appears in 28 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- know19
- wist5
- thou2
- knewest1
- ye1
First verses
- Matthew 24:43But know this, that if the goodman of the house had known in what watch the thief would come, he would have watched, and would not have suffered his house to be broken up.
- Matthew 25:26His lord answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strawed:
- Matthew 27:18For he knew that for envy they had delivered him.
- Mark 1:34And he healed many that were sick of divers diseases, and cast out many devils; and suffered not the devils to speak, because they knew him.
- Mark 9:6For he wist not what to say; for they were sore afraid.
- Mark 14:40And when he returned, he found them asleep again, (for their eyes were heavy,) neither wist they what to answer him.
- Luke 2:49And he said unto them, How is it that ye sought me? wist ye not that I must be about my Father’s business?
- Luke 4:41And devils also came out of many, crying out, and saying, Thou art Christ the Son of God. And he rebuking them suffered them not to speak: for they knew that he was Christ.
- Luke 6:8But he knew their thoughts, and said to the man which had the withered hand, Rise up, and stand forth in the midst. And he arose and stood forth.
- Luke 12:39And this know, that if the goodman of the house had known what hour the thief would come, he would have watched, and not have suffered his house to be broken through.
- Luke 19:22And he saith unto him, Out of thine own mouth will I judge thee, thou wicked servant. Thou knewest that I was an austere man, taking up that I laid not down, and reaping that I did not sow:
- John 1:31And I knew him not: but that he should be made manifest to Israel, therefore am I come baptizing with water.
- John 4:10Jesus answered and said unto her, If thou knewest the gift of God, and who it is that saith to thee, Give me to drink; thou wouldest have asked of him, and he would have given thee living water.
- John 5:13And he that was healed wist not who it was: for Jesus had conveyed himself away, a multitude being in that place.
- John 6:6And this he said to prove him: for he himself knew what he would do.
- John 6:64But there are some of you that believe not. For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were that believed not, and who should betray him.
- John 11:42And I knew that thou hearest me always: but because of the people which stand by I said it, that they may believe that thou hast sent me.
- John 13:11For he knew who should betray him; therefore said he, Ye are not all clean.
- John 18:2And Judas also, which betrayed him, knew the place: for Jesus ofttimes resorted thither with his disciples.
- John 20:9For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
εἴδω,
no active present in use, ὁράω being used:—middle, see.below [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11)]: aorist 2 εἶδον always in sense of see (so in present and aorist 1 middle, to be seen, i.e. seem): but perfect οἶδα, in present sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, compare (ϝ) είδομαι, (ϝ) εῖδος, Latin videre; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Sanskrit véda, Gothic wait, O[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus)] wát 'know'.)
A aorist 2 εἶδον (late εἶδα [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Argonautica” 118), serving as)]aorist to ὁράω, Epic dialect ἴδον, iterative ἴδεσκε [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.217)], late Aeolic dialect εὔιδον [Refs (“epigram Gr.” 990.11 (from Balbilla))]; imperative ἴδε (in Attic dialect written as adverb ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετ; subjunctive ἴδω, Epic dialect ἴδωμι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.63)]; optative ἴδοιμ; infinitive ἰδεῖν, Epic dialect ἰδέει; participle ἰδών: hence, future ἰδησῶ [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.37:)] —middle, aorist 2 εἰδόμην, Epic dialect ἰδόμην, in same sense, poetry, Ionic dialect, and later Prose (with genitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 430) (so in compounds, even in _Attic dialect_ Prose, see at {ἐπ-}, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην))]; imperative ἰδοῦ (frequently written as adverb ἰδού, ={ἰδέ}); subjunctive ἴδωμα; optative ἰδοίμη; infinitive ἰδέσθα; participle ἰδόμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.88, +others:)]
1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.587, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1020)]; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.126, compare 21.159)]; mark, observe, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.476, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.412, etc.: followed by _relative_ clause, ἴδωμ᾽ ὅτιν᾽ ἔργα τέτυκται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.450; ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ᾽ ἐστίν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.44)]: frequently in infinitive after substantive or adjective, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.725; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 240; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 620a.)]
1.b see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.125, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.15, etc.)]
1.c see, i.e. experience, νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.233, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 56; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 835; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν [prev. author] “Ant.” 1270 (Lyric poetry))]; ἀλόχου κουριδίης.. οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.243.)]
2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς.. look at or towards, [Refs (2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί.. 23.143)]; πρός.. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.244)]; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.373, etc.; κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.78, etc.: qualified by)] adverb or adjective, ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.148, +others)]; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, [Refs (2.269)]; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 541 (Lyric poetry).)]
3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν 'to see in his mind's eye', [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.61, compare 4.249; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 511a.)]
3.b examine, investigate, [Refs ([prev. author] “Phd.” 70e, “Tht.” 192e)]; consider, ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν [Refs ([prev. author] “Grg.” 455a.)]
II middle, present εἴδομαι, Epic dialect ἐείδεται [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58)], participle ἐειδόμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N..” 10.15:)]aorist εἰσάμην, Epic dialect participle ἐεισάμενος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.22, +others)]:—only Epic dialect and Lyric poetry, to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8.559; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον “epigram Gr.” 1034.19 (from Callipolis), compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.283)]; perhaps also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.191.)]
II.2 with infinitive, appear or seem to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (1.228; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.11, etc.)]: with infinitive omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (19.283, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.472, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58)]; also, look like or make a show of.., εἴσατ᾽ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.283)]; εἴσατο δ᾽ ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, [Refs (5.281.)]
II.3 strictly middle, with dative, εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.791, compare 20.81; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι 3rd c.BC: Rhianus Epicus 50)]: especially in participle, like, εἰδομένη κήρυκι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.280, etc.; τῷ δ᾽ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.15; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 771 (Lyric poetry); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69.)]
B perfect, οἶδα I know, used as present: pluperfect ᾔδεα (see. below), I knew, used as imperfect:—perfect οἶδα, Aeolic dialect ὄϊδα [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 145)]; 2nd pers. singular οἶδας once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.337, compare “hymnus ad Mercurium” 456, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 491, 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 89, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 67, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 780, 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 44.3 codices)]; οἶσθα elsewhere in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)], Attic dialect, etc.; in Comedy texts also sometimes οἶσθας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 105, 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 15.11, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 348.5, compare 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 2.55)]; plural, ἴσμεν, Epic dialect, Aeolic dialect, and Doric dialect ἴδμεν, also Ionic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, +others)]; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.211, +others, but ῑς- [prev. work] 283, +others)]; οἴδαμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.17, οἴδατε “Anthologia Graeca” 12.81 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus), οἴδᾱσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.43, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 20.14 codices; dual, οἴδατον 5th-4th c.BC: Socratis et Socraticorum Epistulae “Ep.” 22.1: _imperative_ ἴσθι, ἴστω, _Boeotian dialect_ ἴττω, late ἰδέτω 3rd-2nd c.BC: Phalaris Epistolographus “Epistulae - Epistolographi” 122 codices: from _3rd.pers._ _plural_ ἴσασι (ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 53))] were formed Doric dialect 1st pers. singular ἴσᾱμι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 254, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.248)]; 3rd.pers. singular ἴσατι [Refs (“IG” 14.644.4 (from Bruttii))]; 1st pers. plural ἴσᾰμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.14, ἴσαμες probably in “Dialexeis 5th c.BC” 6.12)]; Cretan dialect 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive ἴθθαντι [Refs (“GDI” 5024)]; infinitive ϝισάμην[Refs (Kohler-Ziebarth “Stadtrecht von Gortyn” 34 No.3.19)]; participle ἴσας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Adverbiis;” 175.19, _dative_ _sing._ ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.29, Cretan dialect _plural_ ἴθθαντες “GDI” 5024:)]subjunctive εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.235, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.236))], Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural εἰδέωσι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 45.21 (Halic., 5th c.BC))]; Epic dialect also εἴδω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.174, +others (compare 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus Gr. 2.131), εἴδομεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.363, εἴδετε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.17: _optative_ εἰδείην)], 1st pers. plural εἰδεῖμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 190b, “R.” 582a)]: infinitive εἰδέναι, Epic dialect ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.25)]: participle εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Epic dialect also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς [Refs (“Schwyzer” 409)]:—pluperfect ᾔδεα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.71, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.150)], contraction ᾔδη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 18, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 511, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 119a, ᾔδησθα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.93, 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα)] frequently in codices, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 551, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 108, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 80d, +others), ᾔδεε (ν) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.402, +others, ᾔδη 1.70, +others)] (also later Attic dialect, accusative to [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus cited in 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.86), _Attic dialect_ _contraction_ ᾔδει (ν) 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1187, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 558, etc.; _Epic dialect_ 2 and _3rd.pers._ _sing._ ἠείδης, ἠείδη)] (variant -εις, - ει), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.280, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.206)]; Attic dialect also 1st pers. singular ᾔδειν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.24)], 2nd pers. singular ᾔδεις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 554, etc.; _plural_, ᾔδειμεν 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.82, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 87b40, ᾔδεμεν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 14D. (to be read in 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1232), ᾔδειτε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε probably in 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 1345))], Ionic dialect ᾐδέατε [LXX+6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.58 (συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX.Gen.42.23, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.175, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 54, etc.)]; late Epic dialect ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.65, 4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 149.4 (probably), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 340, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 231, etc.)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἴσαν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.405, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.772)]:—future, in this sense, εἴσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.548, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 20, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 332, etc.; also εἰδήσω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.327, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.234, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.44, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 31.5, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 108a28, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 5.78, 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 1 “Praef.”, etc.)]; infinitive εἰδησέμεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.257.)] —The aorist and perfect are usually supplied by γιγνώσκ; aorist 1 infinitive εἰδῆσαι is found in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Acut.(Sp.”) 22, “Epid.” 6.8.25 (ἐξ-), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1156b27, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char. Prooem.” 4; _imperative_ εἴδησον “PCair.Zen.” 36.2 (3rd c.BC))]; 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.[Refs 2nd c.BC+ (190 (2nd-1st c.BC))]:—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, etc.: with _accusative_ _of things_, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ᾽ ἐόντα τά τ᾽ ἐσσόμενα πρό τ᾽ ἐόντα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.70)]; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.122, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.363, etc.: less frequently with _accusative_ _person_, τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.551, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 365e, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.34, etc.)]; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.4: strengthened by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι)] know well, be assured of this, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 593; σάφ᾽ οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 740, etc.: frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus with _neuter_)] adjective, to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.41)]; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248)]; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442)]: with genitive, ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412)]; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἐόντ᾽ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438)]; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (14.235, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.21, etc.: _imperative_, frequently in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός)] be Zeus my witness, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.)]; Boeotian dialect ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 860, etc.:)]participle εἰδώς, absolutely, one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.365; μετ᾽ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.36, compare 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 337d, etc.)]; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.608, +others)]
B.2 with infinitive, know how to do, οἶδ᾽ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (7.238, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1010, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 376)]; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 664, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.40)]; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor Trall. “Febr.” 6)]; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]; learn, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 729.)]
B.3 with participle, to know that such and such is the fact, the participle being in nominative when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 397)]: in accusative when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.69: with)]participle omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (i.e. ὄντα) [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 7.226a.)]
B.4 less frequently c.accusative et infinitive, πλήθους.. ἂν σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 337, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον.. ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.3.44; also εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι, μηδάμ᾽ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 431; ἕν γ᾽ ἀκούσασ᾽ ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ᾽ ἐρεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1005.)]
B.5 with accusative followed by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 323b, etc.)]
B.6 οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἰ.. I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sometimes with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 48, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἴ τις ἄλλος)] perhaps no other, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.1, 12.10.)]
B.7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅπως I know not how, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 40c b; οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὁπόθεν [prev. author] “Cra.” 396d.)]
B.8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are frequently parenthetic, οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 948; σάφ᾽ οἶδα [prev. work] 94, 963)]; also οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, οἶσθ᾽ ὅτι, ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι, πάρειμι δ᾽ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ᾽ ὅτι (i.e. πάρειμι) I know it well, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 276)]; οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, frequently in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, as 9.1, +others; σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 889:)] —οἶσθ᾽ ὅ, οἶσθ᾽ ὡς, with _imperative_, are common in Trag. and Comedy texts, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou know'st what, i.e. make haste and do, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1158, compare “Pax” 1051, etc.)]; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς πόησο; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 543)]; also οἶσθ᾽.. ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇ; [Refs ([prev. author] “OC” 75)]; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1203: rarely with the)]future, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisileg. δρᾶσον); [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyc.” 131, compare “Med.” 600 codices)]
no active present in use, ὁράω being used:—middle, see.below [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 11)]: aorist 2 εἶδον always in sense of see (so in present and aorist 1 middle, to be seen, i.e. seem): but perfect οἶδα, in present sense, know. (With ἔ-ϝιδον, compare (ϝ) είδομαι, (ϝ) εῖδος, Latin videre; with (ϝ) οῖδα, cf. Sanskrit véda, Gothic wait, O[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus)] wát 'know'.)
A aorist 2 εἶδον (late εἶδα [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Orphica “Argonautica” 118), serving as)]aorist to ὁράω, Epic dialect ἴδον, iterative ἴδεσκε [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.217)], late Aeolic dialect εὔιδον [Refs (“epigram Gr.” 990.11 (from Balbilla))]; imperative ἴδε (in Attic dialect written as adverb ἰδέ, behold! Hdn.Gr.2.23), ἴδετ; subjunctive ἴδω, Epic dialect ἴδωμι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.63)]; optative ἴδοιμ; infinitive ἰδεῖν, Epic dialect ἰδέει; participle ἰδών: hence, future ἰδησῶ [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 3.37:)] —middle, aorist 2 εἰδόμην, Epic dialect ἰδόμην, in same sense, poetry, Ionic dialect, and later Prose (with genitive, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 430) (so in compounds, even in _Attic dialect_ Prose, see at {ἐπ-}, προ-, ὑπ-ειδόμην))]; imperative ἰδοῦ (frequently written as adverb ἰδού, ={ἰδέ}); subjunctive ἴδωμα; optative ἰδοίμη; infinitive ἰδέσθα; participle ἰδόμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.88, +others:)]
1 see, perceive, behold, ὀφθαλμοῖσι or ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσι ἰδέσθαι see before the eyes, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.587, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐν ὄμμασιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1020)]; ἄγε, πειρήσομαι ἠδὲ ἴδωμαι well, I will try and see, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.126, compare 21.159)]; mark, observe, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.476, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.412, etc.: followed by _relative_ clause, ἴδωμ᾽ ὅτιν᾽ ἔργα τέτυκται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.450; ἀλλ᾽ ἄγε θᾶσσον ἰδώμεθα ὅττι τάδ᾽ ἐστίν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.44)]: frequently in infinitive after substantive or adjective, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι a marvel to behold, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.725; οἰκτραῖσιν ἰδεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 240; ἐλεινὸς ἰδεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 620a.)]
1.b see a person, i.e. meet him, speak with him, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.125, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.4.15, etc.)]
1.c see, i.e. experience, νόστιμον ἦμαρ ἰδέσθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.233, etc.; δούλειον ἦμαρ ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 56; ἀέλιον ἕτερον ἰδεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 835; τὴν δίκην ἰδεῖν [prev. author] “Ant.” 1270 (Lyric poetry))]; ἀλόχου κουριδίης.. οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε he saw (i.e. enjoyed) not the favour of his wedded wife, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.243.)]
2 look, ἰδεῖν ἐς.. look at or towards, [Refs (2.271, etc.; ἰδεῖν ἐπί.. 23.143)]; πρός.. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.244)]; εἰς ὦπα ἰδέσθαι look him in the face, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.373, etc.; κατ᾽ ἐνῶπα ἰδών 15.320; ἄντα, ἐσάντα, or ἄντην ἰδεῖν, 13.184, 17.334, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.78, etc.: qualified by)] adverb or adjective, ὑπόδρα ἰδών looking askance, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.148, +others)]; ἀχρεῖον ἰδών looking helpless, [Refs (2.269)]; κέρδος ἰδεῖν look to gain, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 541 (Lyric poetry).)]
3 see mentally, perceive, ἰδέσθαι ἐν φρεσίν 'to see in his mind's eye', [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.61, compare 4.249; ἰδεῖν τῇ διανοίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 511a.)]
3.b examine, investigate, [Refs ([prev. author] “Phd.” 70e, “Tht.” 192e)]; consider, ἴδωμεν τί λέγομεν [Refs ([prev. author] “Grg.” 455a.)]
II middle, present εἴδομαι, Epic dialect ἐείδεται [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58)], participle ἐειδόμενος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N..” 10.15:)]aorist εἰσάμην, Epic dialect participle ἐεισάμενος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.22, +others)]:—only Epic dialect and Lyric poetry, to be seen, appear, εἴδεται ἄστρα they are visible, appear,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8.559; εἰ. ἦμαρ ὑπὸ Τρώεσσι δαμῆναι 13.98; εἴσατο δέ σφι δεξιός 24.319; ὅπη τὸ Ταρτάρειον εἴδεται βάθρον “epigram Gr.” 1034.19 (from Callipolis), compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.283)]; perhaps also οὔ πῃ χροὸς εἴσατο none of the skin was visible, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.191.)]
II.2 with infinitive, appear or seem to be, τὸ δέ τοι κὴρ εἴδεται εἶναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (1.228; τοῦτό τί μοι κάλλιστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶν εἴδεται εἶναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.11, etc.)]: with infinitive omitted, οἱ τό γε κέρδιον εἴσατο θυμῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (19.283, etc.; οὐ μέν μοι κακὸς εἴδεται 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.472, compare 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.58)]; also, look like or make a show of.., εἴσατ᾽ ἴμεν ἐς Λῆμνον he made a show of going to Lemnos, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.283)]; εἴσατο δ᾽ ὡς ὅτε ῥινόν it had the look as of a shield, [Refs (5.281.)]
II.3 strictly middle, with dative, εἴσατο φθογγὴν Πολίτῃ she made herself like Polites in voice, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.791, compare 20.81; αὐδὴν εἰσάμενός τινι 3rd c.BC: Rhianus Epicus 50)]: especially in participle, like, εἰδομένη κήρυκι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.280, etc.; τῷ δ᾽ ὄψιν ἐειδόμενος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 10.15; εἰδόμενος τοκεῦσιν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 771 (Lyric poetry); φάσμα εἰδόμενόν τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.69.)]
B perfect, οἶδα I know, used as present: pluperfect ᾔδεα (see. below), I knew, used as imperfect:—perfect οἶδα, Aeolic dialect ὄϊδα [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Alcaeus Lyricus 145)]; 2nd pers. singular οἶδας once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.337, compare “hymnus ad Mercurium” 456, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 491, 6th c.BC: Hipponax Iambographus 89, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ διαίτης ὀξέων” 67, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 780, 4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 44.3 codices)]; οἶσθα elsewhere in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)], Attic dialect, etc.; in Comedy texts also sometimes οἶσθας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 105, 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 15.11, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 348.5, compare 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 2.55)]; plural, ἴσμεν, Epic dialect, Aeolic dialect, and Doric dialect ἴδμεν, also Ionic dialect, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, +others)]; ἴστε, ἴσασι [ῐς- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.211, +others, but ῑς- [prev. work] 283, +others)]; οἴδαμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.17, οἴδατε “Anthologia Graeca” 12.81 (1st c.BC: Meleager Epigrammaticus), οἴδᾱσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.43, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 20.14 codices; dual, οἴδατον 5th-4th c.BC: Socratis et Socraticorum Epistulae “Ep.” 22.1: _imperative_ ἴσθι, ἴστω, _Boeotian dialect_ ἴττω, late ἰδέτω 3rd-2nd c.BC: Phalaris Epistolographus “Epistulae - Epistolographi” 122 codices: from _3rd.pers._ _plural_ ἴσασι (ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 53))] were formed Doric dialect 1st pers. singular ἴσᾱμι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 254, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.248)]; 3rd.pers. singular ἴσατι [Refs (“IG” 14.644.4 (from Bruttii))]; 1st pers. plural ἴσᾰμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.14, ἴσαμες probably in “Dialexeis 5th c.BC” 6.12)]; Cretan dialect 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive ἴθθαντι [Refs (“GDI” 5024)]; infinitive ϝισάμην[Refs (Kohler-Ziebarth “Stadtrecht von Gortyn” 34 No.3.19)]; participle ἴσας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Adverbiis;” 175.19, _dative_ _sing._ ἴσαντι 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.29, Cretan dialect _plural_ ἴθθαντες “GDI” 5024:)]subjunctive εἰδῶ (εἰδέω, ἰδέω, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.235, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 16.236))], Ionic dialect 3rd.pers. plural εἰδέωσι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 45.21 (Halic., 5th c.BC))]; Epic dialect also εἴδω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.174, +others (compare 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus Gr. 2.131), εἴδομεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.363, εἴδετε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.17: _optative_ εἰδείην)], 1st pers. plural εἰδεῖμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Laches” 190b, “R.” 582a)]: infinitive εἰδέναι, Epic dialect ἴδμεναι, ἴδμεν, also ἰδέμεν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.25)]: participle εἰδώς, εἰδυῖα, Epic dialect also ἰδυῖα, Elean ϝειζώς [Refs (“Schwyzer” 409)]:—pluperfect ᾔδεα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.71, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.150)], contraction ᾔδη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 18, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 511, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 119a, ᾔδησθα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.93, 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 416, etc. (but ᾔδεισθα)] frequently in codices, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 551, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 108, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 80d, +others), ᾔδεε (ν) 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.402, +others, ᾔδη 1.70, +others)] (also later Attic dialect, accusative to [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd-2nd c.BC: Aristarchus Grammaticus cited in 4th-5th c.AD: Choeroboscus Grammaticus “Scholia in Theodosii Canones” 2.86), _Attic dialect_ _contraction_ ᾔδει (ν) 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1187, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 558, etc.; _Epic dialect_ 2 and _3rd.pers._ _sing._ ἠείδης, ἠείδη)] (variant -εις, - ει), [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.280, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.206)]; Attic dialect also 1st pers. singular ᾔδειν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 37.24)], 2nd pers. singular ᾔδεις [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 554, etc.; _plural_, ᾔδειμεν 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.82, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 87b40, ᾔδεμεν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 14D. (to be read in 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1232), ᾔδειτε 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 55.9, etc. (ᾔδετε probably in 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 1345))], Ionic dialect ᾐδέατε [LXX+6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.58 (συν-), ᾔδεισαν LXX.Gen.42.23, 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 15.3.23, ᾔδεσαν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.175, 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 54, etc.)]; late Epic dialect ᾔδειν, ἠείδειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.65, 4.1700, also ᾖσμεν, ᾖστε, ᾖσαν, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 149.4 (probably), 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 340, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Cyclops” 231, etc.)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἴσαν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.405, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.772)]:—future, in this sense, εἴσομαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.548, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 20, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 332, etc.; also εἰδήσω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.327, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.234, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.44, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 31.5, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Topica” 108a28, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 5.78, 3rd-2nd c.BC: Apollonius Pergaeus Geometra “Conica” 1 “Praef.”, etc.)]; infinitive εἰδησέμεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.257.)] —The aorist and perfect are usually supplied by γιγνώσκ; aorist 1 infinitive εἰδῆσαι is found in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Acut.(Sp.”) 22, “Epid.” 6.8.25 (ἐξ-), 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1156b27, 4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Char. Prooem.” 4; _imperative_ εἴδησον “PCair.Zen.” 36.2 (3rd c.BC))]; 3rd.pers. plural subjunctive εἰδήσωσιν Herzog Koische Forschungen No.[Refs 2nd c.BC+ (190 (2nd-1st c.BC))]:—know, have knowledge of, be acquainted with, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, etc.: with _accusative_ _of things_, ὃς ᾔδη τά τ᾽ ἐόντα τά τ᾽ ἐσσόμενα πρό τ᾽ ἐόντα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.70)]; νοήματα, μήδεα οἶδε, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.122, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.363, etc.: less frequently with _accusative_ _person_, τούτους μὲν δὴ οἶδα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.551, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 365e, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.34, etc.)]; πρῶτος ὧν ἡμεῖς ἴδμεν the first we know of, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, etc.; παλαίτατος ὧν ἀκοῇ ἴσμεν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.4: strengthened by εὖ or σάφα, εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι)] know well, be assured of this, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 593; σάφ᾽ οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 740, etc.: frequently in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus with _neuter_)] adjective, to express character or disposition, ἄγρια οἶδε has fierceness in his heart, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.41)]; ἀθεμίστια ᾔδη had law lessness in his heart, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.189; αἴσιμα, ἄρτια ᾔδη, 14.433, 19.248)]; εἴ μοι ἤπια εἰδείη if he were kindly disposed towards me, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.73; φίλα εἰδότες ἀλλήλοισιν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.277; κεχαρισμένα, πεπνυμένα εἰδώς, 8.584, 24.442)]: with genitive, ὃς σάφα θυμῷ εἰδείη τεράων [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.229; ὃς πάσης εἰδῇ σοφίης 15.412)]; τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς cunning with the bow,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.718; αἰχμῆς ἐῢ εἰ. 15.525; οἰωνῶν σάφα εἰδώς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.202; ἐῢ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων 5.250; μάχης ἐῢ εἰδότε πάσης 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.823; κύνε εἰδότε θήρης 10.360; παῖδ᾽ ἔτ᾽ ἐόντ᾽ οὔ πω μάλα εἰδότε θούριδος ἀλκῆς 11.710; εἰδὼς πυγμαχίης 23.665; θεοπροπίων ἐῢ εἰδώς 6.438)]; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί acknowledge a debt to another, thank him,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (14.235, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.21, etc.: _imperative_, frequently in protestations, ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτός)] be Zeus my witness, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.329; ἴστω νῦν τόδε Γαῖα 15.36, etc.)]; Boeotian dialect ἴττω Ἡρακλῆς etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 860, etc.:)]participle εἰδώς, absolutely, one who knows, one acquainted with the fact, ἰδυίῃ πάντ᾽ ἀγορεύω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.365; μετ᾽ εἰδόσιν ἀγορεύειν 10.250; μακρηγορεῖν ἐν εἰδόσιν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.36, compare 3.53; μαθεῖν παρὰ τοῦ εἰδότος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 337d, etc.)]; also ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι with knowing mind, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.608, +others)]
B.2 with infinitive, know how to do, οἶδ᾽ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (7.238, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1010, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 376)]; also, to be in a condition, be able, have the power, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 664, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.40)]; of drugs, ὅσα λεπτύνειν οἶδε [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor Trall. “Febr.” 6)]; of a festival, οἶδε ἐκπέμπουσα δάκνειν Chor.p.124 [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]; learn, ἵν᾽ εἰδῇ μὴ 'πὶ τοῖς ἐμοῖς κακοῖς ὑψηλὸς εἶναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 729.)]
B.3 with participle, to know that such and such is the fact, the participle being in nominative when it is a predicate of the Subject of the Verb, ἴσθι μοι δώσων know that thou wilt give, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1670; ἴστω ὑπὸ τοῦ ἀδελφεοῦ ἀποθανών 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.76; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 397)]: in accusative when it is predicate of the Object, τοὺς φιλτάτους γὰρ οἶδα νῷν ὄντας πικρούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 234; τὸν Μῆδον ἴσμεν ἐκ περάτων γῆς ἐλθόντα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.69: with)]participle omitted, γῆν αὐτὰ οἶδεν ἀμφότερα (i.e. ὄντα) [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Julianus Imperator “Orationes” 7.226a.)]
B.4 less frequently c.accusative et infinitive, πλήθους.. ἂν σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ἕκατι βάρβαρον ναυσὶν κρατῆσαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 337, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1329; εὖ ἴσθι τοῦτον.. ἰσχυρῶς ἀνιᾶσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.3.44; also εὖ τόδ᾽ ἴσθι, μηδάμ᾽ ἡμέρᾳ μιᾷ πλῆθος τοσουτάριθμον ἀνθρώπων θανεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 431; ἕν γ᾽ ἀκούσασ᾽ ἴσθι, μὴ ψευδῶς μ᾽ ἐρεῖν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 1005.)]
B.5 with accusative followed by ὡς, ὅτι, etc., οἶδα κἀμαυτὴν ὅτι ἀλγῶ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 332; ἐάν τινα εἰδῶσιν ὅτι ἄδικός ἐστι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 323b, etc.)]
B.6 οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἰ.. I know not whether, to express disbelief or doubt, sometimes with ἄν transposed, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ἂν εἰ πείσαιμί σε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 48, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 45.7: with Verb omitted after εἰ, as οὐκ οἶδ᾽ εἴ τις ἄλλος)] perhaps no other, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 6.1, 12.10.)]
B.7 in similar ellipses with other Conjunctions, οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὅπως I know not how, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 40c b; οὐκ οἶδ᾽ ὁπόθεν [prev. author] “Cra.” 396d.)]
B.8 οἶδα, ἴσθι are frequently parenthetic, οἶδ᾽ ἐγώ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 948; σάφ᾽ οἶδα [prev. work] 94, 963)]; also οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, οἶσθ᾽ ὅτι, ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι, πάρειμι δ᾽ ἄκων οὐχ ἑκοῦσιν, οἶδ᾽ ὅτι (i.e. πάρειμι) I know it well, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 276)]; οἶδ᾽ ὅτι, frequently in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator, as 9.1, +others; σάφ᾽ ἴσθ᾽ ὅτι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 889:)] —οἶσθ᾽ ὅ, οἶσθ᾽ ὡς, with _imperative_, are common in Trag. and Comedy texts, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δρᾶσον; do—thou know'st what, i.e. make haste and do, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1158, compare “Pax” 1051, etc.)]; οἶσθ᾽ ὡς πόησο; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 543)]; also οἶσθ᾽.. ὡς νῦν μὴ σφαλῇ; [Refs ([prev. author] “OC” 75)]; οἶσθα νῦν ἅ μοι γενέσθ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1203: rarely with the)]future, οἶσθ᾽ οὖν ὃ δράσεις (nisileg. δρᾶσον); [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyc.” 131, compare “Med.” 600 codices)]