Strong G756ἄρχομαι
to rule/begin
- Transliteration
- archomai
- Pronunciation
- ar'-khom-ahee
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Middle voice of G757 (through the implication of precedence); to commence (in order of time): - rehearse from the) begin (-ning).
Detailed definition
ἄρχω
[in LXX for חָלַל, מָשַׁל, etc.;]
1. to begin.
2. to rule (see DCG, ii, 538b.): with genitive, Mrk.10:42, Rom.15:12. Mid., to begin: before ἀπό, Mat.16:21 20:8, Luk.14:18 23:5 24:27, 47, Jhn.8:9, Act.1:22 8:35 10:37, 1Pe.4:17; with inf., an Aramaic pleonasm, Mrk.1:45 2:23 5:17, Luk.3:8, al. (see M, Pro.14:1-35 f.; Dalman, Words, 27; MM, see word)
(AS)
[in LXX for חָלַל, מָשַׁל, etc.;]
1. to begin.
2. to rule (see DCG, ii, 538b.): with genitive, Mrk.10:42, Rom.15:12. Mid., to begin: before ἀπό, Mat.16:21 20:8, Luk.14:18 23:5 24:27, 47, Jhn.8:9, Act.1:22 8:35 10:37, 1Pe.4:17; with inf., an Aramaic pleonasm, Mrk.1:45 2:23 5:17, Luk.3:8, al. (see M, Pro.14:1-35 f.; Dalman, Words, 27; MM, see word)
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G756 appears in 84 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- begin83
- when2
- beginning1
- rehearse1
- they1
- thou1
First verses
- Matthew 4:17From that time Jesus began to preach, and to say, Repent: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.
- Matthew 11:7And as they departed, Jesus began to say unto the multitudes concerning John, What went ye out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken with the wind?
- Matthew 11:20Then began he to upbraid the cities wherein most of his mighty works were done, because they repented not:
- Matthew 12:1At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn, and to eat.
- Matthew 14:30But when he saw the wind boisterous, he was afraid; and beginning to sink, he cried, saying, Lord, save me.
- Matthew 16:21From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.
- Matthew 16:22Then Peter took him, and began to rebuke him, saying, Be it far from thee, Lord: this shall not be unto thee.
- Matthew 18:24And when he had begun to reckon, one was brought unto him, which owed him ten thousand talents.
- Matthew 20:8So when even was come, the lord of the vineyard saith unto his steward, Call the labourers, and give them their hire, beginning from the last unto the first.
- Matthew 24:49And shall begin to smite his fellowservants, and to eat and drink with the drunken;
- Matthew 26:22And they were exceeding sorrowful, and began every one of them to say unto him, Lord, is it I?
- Matthew 26:37And he took with him Peter and the two sons of Zebedee, and began to be sorrowful and very heavy.
- Matthew 26:74Then began he to curse and to swear, saying, I know not the man. And immediately the cock crew.
- Mark 1:45But he went out, and began to publish it much, and to blaze abroad the matter, insomuch that Jesus could no more openly enter into the city, but was without in desert places: and they came to him from every quarter.
- Mark 2:23And it came to pass, that he went through the corn fields on the sabbath day; and his disciples began, as they went, to pluck the ears of corn.
- Mark 4:1And he began again to teach by the sea side: and there was gathered unto him a great multitude, so that he entered into a ship, and sat in the sea; and the whole multitude was by the sea on the land.
- Mark 5:17And they began to pray him to depart out of their coasts.
- Mark 5:20And he departed, and began to publish in Decapolis how great things Jesus had done for him: and all men did marvel.
- Mark 6:2And when the sabbath day was come, he began to teach in the synagogue: and many hearing him were astonished, saying, From whence hath this man these things? and what wisdom is this which is given unto him, that even such mighty works are wrought by his hands?
- Mark 6:7And he called unto him the twelve, and began to send them forth by two and two; and gave them power over unclean spirits;
Occurrences by book
Related words
Same identity
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἄρχω,
Epic dialect infinitive ἀρχέμεναι[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.154:)]imperfect ἦρχον[Refs ([prev. work] 2.378, etc.)]; Doric dialect ἆρχον[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).51)]: future ἄρξω[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.667, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.144:)]aorist ἦρξα, Epic dialect ἄρξα[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, etc.)]: perfect ἦρχα[Refs 1st c.AD+ (“CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 3487.14 (from Thyatira), Canon Laws texts cited in 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.851f)]:—middle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.90, etc.)]; non-thematic participle ἄρχμενος[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Aetia” 3.1.56, +others)]: imperfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.93, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.28:)]future ἄρξομαι (in middle sense, see below) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 442, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2)]; Doric dialect ἀρξεῦμαι[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.95)]: aorist ἠρξάμην[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.310, etc.:)] —passive, perfect ἦργμαι only in middle sense, see below [Refs (1.2)]: aorist ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.18, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b13, see below 11.4)]:—to be first,
I in Time, begin, make a beginning, active and middle (in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus the _active_ is more frequently, in _Attic dialect_ Prose the _middle_, especially where personal action is emphasized), πολέμου ἄρχειν)]to be the aggressor, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.53)]; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.3.6)]; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, [Refs ([prev. author] “An.” 1.6.6)]; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, [Refs ([prev. work] 3.2.7. Constr.:)]
I.1 mostly with genitive, make a beginning of, ἄρχειν πολέμοιο[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.335; μύθων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.68; τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.2; ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 409; τοῦ κακοῦ [prev. work] 353)]; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 4.2.1 and 2:)] — in middle in religious sense, = {ἀπάρχεσθαι}, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.428, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 651)]; but active, σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).37.)]
I.2 with genitive, begin from or with.., ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ᾽ ἄρξομαι[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97; ἄρχεσθαι Διός 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.25)]; πόθεν ἄρξωμα; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 855; πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 5)]; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.199, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 11)]; ἀπό τινος frequently in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.12)]; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 408d, “Thg.” 128d:)] —ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 471c, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.297; ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.15; μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 771c)]; ἀφ᾽ ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 771a; ἀφ᾽ Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 846.)]
I.3 with genitive of things et dative person, ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.95; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433, etc.; τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.101; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53, compare 12; τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.2.23; ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 871.)]
I.4 with accusative, ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.107 (but also ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο)] lead the way, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5.237): _absolutely_ (i.e. ὁδόν), ἄρχε δ᾽ Ἀθήνη 3.12; σὺ μὲν ἄρχε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69; ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών 3.447; ἦρχε δ᾽ ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592, compare below 11.2)]: with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνον[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.10; ἅπερ ἦρξεν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1529 (Lyric poetry); λυπηρόν τι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 552; ὕβριν [prev. author] “fragment” 368.)]
I.5 of actions, σέο δ᾽ ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.102: frequently with)]infinitive, τοῖσιν δ᾽ ἦρχ᾽ ἀγορεύειν among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.571, etc.; ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ᾽ ἴμεν, 2.84, 13.329; ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.437, etc.; ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.324; ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.107; ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γενέσθαι [prev. author] 2.47)]: with participle, of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.378; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.119; ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.26; πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντε; 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 237a, compare “Tht.” 187a (but ἄ. ἐπαινεῖν [prev. author] “Phdr.” 241e); ἄρξομαι διδάσκων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2 (but ἤρξω μανθάνειν [prev. author] “Mem.” 3.5.22).)]
I.6 absolutely, ἄρχε take the lead! [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69)]: generally, begin, ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.118, cf. Legal cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.42)]; τὸ ἄρχον, opposed to τὸ ἑπόμενον, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 234)]: participle ἀρχόμενος at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.3, “Cyn.” 3.8, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.54)]; at the beginning, ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 368, compare “fragment” 192.4; ἀρχομένοισιν ἢ καταπαυομένοισι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1246; ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.1; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ [prev. passage]; θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου [prev. work] 47.)]
I.7 Grammars, of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντος[Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 633.27)]; ἡ ἄρχουσα (i.e. συλλαβή) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 130.13.)]
II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command,
II.1 mostly with genitive, rule, be leader of.., Βοιωτῶν[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.494, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.1, etc.)]
II.2 less frequently with dative, ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, compare 471, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.805, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.4, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 666, “IA” 337, “IG” 7.2830 (from Hyettus), etc.)]; also ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ held command among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.690, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 238a: with)]infinitive added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.65.)]
II.3 absolutely, rule, ὅσον τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 927, compare “Pers.” 774)]; especially hold a magistracy, ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.67)]; at Athens, etc., to be archon, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.178)]; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.80, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54)]; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) [Refs (“IG” 3.659, 693, “SIG” 872.7.)]
II.4 passive, with future ἄρξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.159, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.45, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 589, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 28.7; but ἀρχθήσομαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1259b40, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 65.10)]:—to be ruled, governed, etc., ὑπό τινος[Refs 6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.127; ἔκ τινος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 264, “Ant.” 63; ὑπό τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.91, 103; σφόδρα ὑπό τινος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.92; ἄρχε πρῶτον μαθὼν ἄρχεσθαι 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.60, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 326d; δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b14; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι)]subjects, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2 6.19, etc.)]
Epic dialect infinitive ἀρχέμεναι[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 20.154:)]imperfect ἦρχον[Refs ([prev. work] 2.378, etc.)]; Doric dialect ἆρχον[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 10(11).51)]: future ἄρξω[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.667, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.144:)]aorist ἦρξα, Epic dialect ἄρξα[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, etc.)]: perfect ἦρχα[Refs 1st c.AD+ (“CIG” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” “Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum” 3487.14 (from Thyatira), Canon Laws texts cited in 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.851f)]:—middle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.90, etc.)]; non-thematic participle ἄρχμενος[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Aetia” 3.1.56, +others)]: imperfect, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.93, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.28:)]future ἄρξομαι (in middle sense, see below) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 442, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2)]; Doric dialect ἀρξεῦμαι[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 7.95)]: aorist ἠρξάμην[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.310, etc.:)] —passive, perfect ἦργμαι only in middle sense, see below [Refs (1.2)]: aorist ἤρχθην, ἀρχθῆναι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.18, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b13, see below 11.4)]:—to be first,
I in Time, begin, make a beginning, active and middle (in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus the _active_ is more frequently, in _Attic dialect_ Prose the _middle_, especially where personal action is emphasized), πολέμου ἄρχειν)]to be the aggressor, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.53)]; π. ἄρχεσθαι to begin one's operations, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.3.6)]; ἄρχειν τοῦ λόγου to open a conversation, [Refs ([prev. author] “An.” 1.6.6)]; ἄρχεσθαι τοῦ λόγου to begin one's speech, [Refs ([prev. work] 3.2.7. Constr.:)]
I.1 mostly with genitive, make a beginning of, ἄρχειν πολέμοιο[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.335; μύθων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.68; τῶν ἀδικημάτων πρῶτον τοῦτο ἄρξαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.2; ἦρξεν ἐμβολῆς 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 409; τοῦ κακοῦ [prev. work] 353)]; ἄρχειν χειρῶν ἀδίκων, ἄρχειν τῆς πληγῆς, strike the first blow, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 4.2.1 and 2:)] — in middle in religious sense, = {ἀπάρχεσθαι}, ἀρχόμενος μελέων beginning with the limbs, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.428, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 651)]; but active, σπονδαῖσιν ἄρξαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).37.)]
I.2 with genitive, begin from or with.., ἐν σοὶ μὲν λήξω σέο δ᾽ ἄρξομαι[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.97; ἄρχεσθαι Διός 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 5.25)]; πόθεν ἄρξωμα; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 855; πόθεν ποτὲ ἦρκται 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 5)]; ἄρχεσθαι, ἦρχθαι ἔκ τινος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.199, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 11)]; ἀπό τινος frequently in Prose, ἀρξάμενοι αὐτίκα ἀπὸ παιδίων even from boyhood, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.12)]; but more commonly ἐκ παίδων, ἐκ παιδός, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 408d, “Thg.” 128d:)] —ἀπό in non-temporal relations, ἀρξάμενος ἀπὸ σοῦ. i.e. including yourself, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 471c, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.297; ἀπὸ τῶν πατέρων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.5.15; μέχρι τῶν δώδεκα ἀπὸ μιᾶς ἀρξάμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 771c)]; ἀφ᾽ ἱερῶν ἠργμένη ἀρχή[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 771a; ἀφ᾽ Ἑστίας ἀρχόμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 846.)]
I.3 with genitive of things et dative person, ἄρχε θεοῖς δαιτός begin a banquet to the gods, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.95; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε 2.433, etc.; τῇσι δὲ.. ἄρχετο μολπῆς 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.101; ἦρξε τῇ πόλει ἀνομίας τὸ νόσημα 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.53, compare 12; τὴν ἡμέραν ἄρχειν ἐλευθερίας τῇ Ἑλλάδι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.2.23; ἡμὶν οὐ σμικρῶν κακῶν ἦρξεν τὸ δῶρον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 871.)]
I.4 with accusative, ἄρχειν ὁδόν τινι, show him the way, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.107 (but also ἄρχειν ὁδοῖο)] lead the way, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5.237): _absolutely_ (i.e. ὁδόν), ἄρχε δ᾽ Ἀθήνη 3.12; σὺ μὲν ἄρχε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69; ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄρχε λέχοσδε κιών 3.447; ἦρχε δ᾽ ἄρα σφιν Ἄρης 5.592, compare below 11.2)]: with other accusatives, ἄρχειν ὕμνον[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.10; ἅπερ ἦρξεν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1529 (Lyric poetry); λυπηρόν τι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 552; ὕβριν [prev. author] “fragment” 368.)]
I.5 of actions, σέο δ᾽ ἕξεται ὅττι κεν ἄρχῃ[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.102: frequently with)]infinitive, τοῖσιν δ᾽ ἦρχ᾽ ἀγορεύειν among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.571, etc.; ἦρχε νέεσθαι, ἦρχ᾽ ἴμεν, 2.84, 13.329; ἄρχετε νῦν νέκυας φορέειν 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.437, etc.; ὑφαίνειν ἤρχετο μῆτιν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.324; ἤρξαντο οἰκοδομεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.107; ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γενέσθαι [prev. author] 2.47)]: with participle, of continued action or condition, ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.378; ἢν ἄρξῃ ἀδικέων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.119; ἡ ψυχὴ ἄρχεται ἀπολείπουσα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.7.26; πόθεν ἂν ὀρθῶς ἀρξαίμεθα ἐπαινοῦντε; 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 237a, compare “Tht.” 187a (but ἄ. ἐπαινεῖν [prev. author] “Phdr.” 241e); ἄρξομαι διδάσκων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.8.2 (but ἤρξω μανθάνειν [prev. author] “Mem.” 3.5.22).)]
I.6 absolutely, ἄρχε take the lead! [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.69)]: generally, begin, ἄρχειν [τὴν ἐκεχειρίαν] τήνδε τὴν ἡμέραν Indut. cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.118, cf. Legal cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 24.42)]; τὸ ἄρχον, opposed to τὸ ἑπόμενον, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 234)]: participle ἀρχόμενος at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.3, “Cyn.” 3.8, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 2.54)]; at the beginning, ἀρχομένου δὲ πίθου καὶ λήγοντος[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 368, compare “fragment” 192.4; ἀρχομένοισιν ἢ καταπαυομένοισι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 1246; ἄρχεται ὁ πόλεμος ἐνθένδε 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.1; ἅμα ἦρι ἀρχομένῳ [prev. passage]; θέρους εὐθὺς ἀρχομένου [prev. work] 47.)]
I.7 Grammars, of a word, ἄ. ἀπὸ φωνήεντος[Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 633.27)]; ἡ ἄρχουσα (i.e. συλλαβή) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 130.13.)]
II in point of Place or Station, rule, govern, command,
II.1 mostly with genitive, rule, be leader of.., Βοιωτῶν[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.494, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.1, etc.)]
II.2 less frequently with dative, ἀνδράσιν ἦρξα[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.230, compare 471, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.805, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.4, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 940, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 666, “IA” 337, “IG” 7.2830 (from Hyettus), etc.)]; also ἐν δ᾽ ἄρα τοῖσιν ἦρχ᾽ held command among them, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 13.690, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 238a: with)]infinitive added, ἄρχε Μυρμιδόνεσσι μάχεσθαι led them on to fight, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.65.)]
II.3 absolutely, rule, ὅσον τό τ᾽ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 927, compare “Pers.” 774)]; especially hold a magistracy, ὁκοῖόν τε εἴη ἄρχειν μετὰ τὸ βασιλεύειν[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.67)]; at Athens, etc., to be archon, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.178)]; ἀρχάς, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.80, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54)]; ἄρχειν τὴν ἐπώνυμον (with or without ἀρχήν) [Refs (“IG” 3.659, 693, “SIG” 872.7.)]
II.4 passive, with future ἄρξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.159, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 8.45, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 589, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 28.7; but ἀρχθήσομαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1259b40, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Dio Cassius Historicus 65.10)]:—to be ruled, governed, etc., ὑπό τινος[Refs 6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.127; ἔκ τινος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 264, “Ant.” 63; ὑπό τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.91, 103; σφόδρα ὑπό τινος 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 12.92; ἄρχε πρῶτον μαθὼν ἄρχεσθαι 6th c.BC: Solon Lyricus cited in 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 1.60, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 326d; δύνασθαι καὶ ἄρχεσθαι καὶ ἄρχειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1277b14; οἱ ἀρχόμενοι)]subjects, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2 6.19, etc.)]