Strong G746ἀρχή
beginning
- Transliteration
- archē
- Pronunciation
- ar-khay'
- Morphology
- Greek Noun (Feminine)
Definition
From G756; (properly abstract) a commencement or (concrete) chief (in various applications of order time place or rank): - beginning corner (at the the) first (estate) magistrate power principality principle rule.
Detailed definition
ἀρχή, -ῆς, ἡ
[in LXX for קֶדֶם, רֹאשׁ, רֹאשׁ, etc.;]
1. beginning, origin;
__(a) absol., of the beginning of all things: of God as the Eternal, the First Cause, Rev.21:6 (cf. 18); similarly, of Christ, Rev.22:13; of Christ as the uncreated principle, the active cause of creation, Rev.3:14; in his relation to the Church, Col.1:18; ἐν ἀ., Jhn.1:1-2; ἀπ᾽ ἀ. (and ἀπ᾽ ἀ. κτισεως), Mat.19:4, 8 24:21, Mrk.10:6 13:19, Jhn.8:44, 2Th.2:13, 2Pe.3:4, 1Jn.1:1 Jn 2:13-14 Jn 2:24; κατ ἀρχἀς, Heb.1:10;
__(b) relatively: Heb.7:3; ἀ. ὠδίνων, Mat.24:8, Mrk.13:9; τ. σημείων, Jhn.2:11; τ. ὑποστάσεως, Heb.3:14; τ. λογίων, Heb.5:12; ὁ τ. ἀρχῆς τ. Χριστοῦ λόγος, the account of the beginning, the elementary view of Christ, Heb.6:1; ἀρχὴν λαμβάνειν, to begin, Heb.2:3; ἐξ ἀ., Jhn.6:64 16:4; ἀπ᾽ ἀ., Luk.1:2, Jhn.15:27, 1Jn.2:7 Jn 2:24 Jn 3:11, 2Jn.5-6; ἐν ἀ., Act.11:15 26:4, Php.4:15; τὴν ἀρχήν, adverbially, at all (Hdt., al.; v MM, see word): Jhn.8:25.
2. an extremity, a corner: Act.10:11 11:5.
3. sovereignty, principality, rule (cf. DB, i, 616 f.): Luk.12:11 20:20, Rom.8:38, 1Co.15:24, Eph.1:21 3:10 6:12, Col.1:16 2:10, 15 Tit.3:1, Ju 6 (Cremer, 113).†
(AS)
[in LXX for קֶדֶם, רֹאשׁ, רֹאשׁ, etc.;]
1. beginning, origin;
__(a) absol., of the beginning of all things: of God as the Eternal, the First Cause, Rev.21:6 (cf. 18); similarly, of Christ, Rev.22:13; of Christ as the uncreated principle, the active cause of creation, Rev.3:14; in his relation to the Church, Col.1:18; ἐν ἀ., Jhn.1:1-2; ἀπ᾽ ἀ. (and ἀπ᾽ ἀ. κτισεως), Mat.19:4, 8 24:21, Mrk.10:6 13:19, Jhn.8:44, 2Th.2:13, 2Pe.3:4, 1Jn.1:1 Jn 2:13-14 Jn 2:24; κατ ἀρχἀς, Heb.1:10;
__(b) relatively: Heb.7:3; ἀ. ὠδίνων, Mat.24:8, Mrk.13:9; τ. σημείων, Jhn.2:11; τ. ὑποστάσεως, Heb.3:14; τ. λογίων, Heb.5:12; ὁ τ. ἀρχῆς τ. Χριστοῦ λόγος, the account of the beginning, the elementary view of Christ, Heb.6:1; ἀρχὴν λαμβάνειν, to begin, Heb.2:3; ἐξ ἀ., Jhn.6:64 16:4; ἀπ᾽ ἀ., Luk.1:2, Jhn.15:27, 1Jn.2:7 Jn 2:24 Jn 3:11, 2Jn.5-6; ἐν ἀ., Act.11:15 26:4, Php.4:15; τὴν ἀρχήν, adverbially, at all (Hdt., al.; v MM, see word): Jhn.8:25.
2. an extremity, a corner: Act.10:11 11:5.
3. sovereignty, principality, rule (cf. DB, i, 616 f.): Luk.12:11 20:20, Rom.8:38, 1Co.15:24, Eph.1:21 3:10 6:12, Col.1:16 2:10, 15 Tit.3:1, Ju 6 (Cremer, 113).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G746 appears in 56 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- beginning36
- principality8
- first3
- begin2
- corner2
- estate1
- magistrate1
- power1
- principle1
- rule1
First verses
- Matthew 19:4And he answered and said unto them, Have ye not read, that he which made them at the beginning made them male and female,
- Matthew 19:8He saith unto them, Moses because of the hardness of your hearts suffered you to put away your wives: but from the beginning it was not so.
- Matthew 24:8All these are the beginning of sorrows.
- Matthew 24:21For then shall be great tribulation, such as was not since the beginning of the world to this time, no, nor ever shall be.
- Mark 1:1The beginning of the gospel of Jesus Christ, the Son of God;
- Mark 10:6But from the beginning of the creation God made them male and female.
- Mark 13:8For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be earthquakes in divers places, and there shall be famines and troubles: these are the beginnings of sorrows.
- Mark 13:19For in those days shall be affliction, such as was not from the beginning of the creation which God created unto this time, neither shall be.
- Luke 1:2Even as they delivered them unto us, which from the beginning were eyewitnesses, and ministers of the word;
- Luke 12:11And when they bring you unto the synagogues, and unto magistrates, and powers, take ye no thought how or what thing ye shall answer, or what ye shall say:
- Luke 20:20And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.
- John 1:1In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
- John 1:2The same was in the beginning with God.
- John 2:11This beginning of miracles did Jesus in Cana of Galilee, and manifested forth his glory; and his disciples believed on him.
- John 6:64But there are some of you that believe not. For Jesus knew from the beginning who they were that believed not, and who should betray him.
- John 8:25Then said they unto him, Who art thou? And Jesus saith unto them, Even the same that I said unto you from the beginning.
- John 8:44Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.
- John 15:27And ye also shall bear witness, because ye have been with me from the beginning.
- John 16:4But these things have I told you, that when the time shall come, ye may remember that I told you of them. And these things I said not unto you at the beginning, because I was with you.
- Acts 10:11And saw heaven opened, and a certain vessel descending unto him, as it had been a great sheet knit at the four corners, and let down to the earth:
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
- ἄρχομαιto rule/beginG756
- ἀρχιερεύςhigh-priestG749
- ἀρχαῖοςancientG744
- ἀρχιτέκτωνmaster-builderG753
- ἀρχηγόςfounderG747
- ἀρχισυνάγωγοςsynagogue leaderG752
- ἀρχιερατικόςhigh-priestlyG748
- ἌρχιπποςArchippusG751
- ἀρχιτελώνηςchief tax collectorG754
- ἀρχιποίμηνchief shepherdG750
- ἀρχιτρίκλινοςhead waiterG755
- ἐθνάρχηςgovernorG1481
- ἈσιάρχηςAsiarchG775
Detailed Greek dictionary
ἀρχή, ἡ,
(see. ἄρχω) beginning, origin, νείκεος ἀ.[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.116; πήματος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.81; φόνου 21.4, etc.)]; opposed to τέλος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.51, etc.)]; opposed to τελευτή, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 607, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 715e, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 1.1; ἀ. γενέσθαι κακῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.97; ἀ. ποιήσασθαί τινος 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.128, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.37, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.120, etc.; ἀ. λαβεῖν τινός 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.11; τὰς ἀρχὰς εἰληφέναι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.28.3)]; ἀρχὴν ὑποθέσθαι lay a foundation, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.2, etc.; βαλέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epistulae” 326e)] (and passive, ἀρχαὶ βέβληνται[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.8); ἀρχὴν ἄρχεσθαί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 36e)]; source of action, [ὁ ἄνθρωπος] ἔχει ἀρχὴν ἐλευθέραν[Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 3.3.4.)]
b with Preps. in adverbial usages, ἐξ ἀρχῆς from the beginning, from the first, from of old, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.188, 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 10, etc.; οὑξ ἀ. φίλος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 385; ἡ ἐξ ἀ. ἔχθρα 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.3; τὸ ἐξ ἀ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 12.6; but πλουτεῖν ἐξ ἀ. πάλιν)]anew, afresh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 221; λόγον πάλιν ὥσπερ ἐξ ἀ. κινεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 450a)]; ὁ ἐξ ἀ. λόγος the original argument, [Refs ([prev. author] “Tht.” 177c, etc.)]; τὰ ἐξ ἀ. the principal sum, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1280a30:—also ἀπ᾽ ἀ. 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 425, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.104, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 8.25, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 344, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206d)]; κατ᾽ ἀρχάς in the beginning, at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.153, 7.5; αὐτίκα κατ᾽ ἀ. [prev. author] 8.94; τὸ κατ᾽ ἀ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 798a, +others)]
c accusative ἀρχήν, absolutely, to begin with, at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.9, 2.28, 8.132; τὴν ἀρχήν 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 3.20: _plural_, τὰς ἀρχάς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.22.8)]: frequently followed by a negative, not at all, ἀρχὴν μηδὲ λαβών[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.39, compare 1.193, +others; ἀ. δὲ θηρᾶν οὐ πρέπει τἀμήχανα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 92; ἀ. κλύειν ἂν οὐκ.. ἐβουλόμην [prev. author] “Ph.” 1239, compare “El.” 439, 5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus 3, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.73, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 478c; sometimes with _Article_, τοῦτο οὐκ ἐνδέκομαι τὴν ἀ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.25; τὴν ἀ. γὰρ ἐξῆν αὐτῷ μὴ γράφειν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93.)]
2 first principle, element, first so used by Anaximander, accusative to [Refs 4th c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Simplicius Philosophus “in Aristotelis Physica commentaria - Comm. in Arist. Graeca” 150.23, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 983b11, etc.; Ἡράκλειτος τὴν ἀ. εἶναί φησι ψυχήν [prev. author] “de An.” 405a25)]; of ὕλη and θεός, opposed to στοιχεῖα, [Refs (“Placita Philosophorum” 1.3.25)]; practical principle of conduct, τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑποθέσεις[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.10)]; principles of knowledge, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 995b8, +others)]
3 end, corner, of a bandage, rope, sheet, etc., [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.60, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 9, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 762, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 18.14, NT.Act.10.11)]; of a compound pulley, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Belopoeica” 84.14.)]
4 in Mathematics texts, origin of a curve, τῆς ἕλικος[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ ἑλίκων” 11 “Def.” 2, etc.; ξυνὸν ἀ. καὶ πέρας ἐπὶ κύκλου περιφερείας 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 103.)]
5 branch of a river, [LXX (LXX.Gen.2.10 (_plural_).)]
6 sum, total,[LXX (LXX.Num.1.2.)]
7 vital organs of the body, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.318, +others)]
II first place or power, sovereignty (not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus), Διὸς ἀρχά 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.64, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, etc.; γενέσθαι ἐπ᾽ ἀρχῆς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1284b2: _metaphorically_, μεγάλην μεντἂν ἀ. εἴης εὑρηκώς,)] of a stroke of fortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.196: _plural_, ἀρχαὶ πολισσονόμοι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 864 (Lyric poetry); τὰς ἐμὰς ἀρχὰς σέβων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 744, etc.: with _genitive_ _of things_, τῆσδ᾽ ἔχων ἀρχὴν χθονός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 737)]; ἀ. τῶν νεῶν, τῆς θαλάσσης, power over them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.90, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Atheniensium” 2.7, etc.: proverbial, ἀ. ἄνδρα δείξει Biasap. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1130a1, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Prooemia” 48)]; method of government, οὐδὲ τὴν ἄλλην ἀ. ἐπαχθής[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54.)]
II.2 empire, realm, Κύρου, Περδίκκου ἀ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.91, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.128, etc.)]
II.3 magistracy, office, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, παραλαμβάνειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.80, 4.147; καταστήσας τὰς ἀ. καὶ ἄρχοντας ἐπιστήσας [prev. author] 3.89)]; εἰς ἀ. καθίστασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.70)]; εἰς τὴν ἀ. εἰσιέναι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.72, etc.)]; ἀ. λαχεῖν to obtain an office, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 57.25; Ἑλληνοταμίαι τότε πρῶτον κατέστη ἀ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.96; ἐνιαύσιος ἀ. [prev. author] 6.54)]; ἀ. χειροτονητή, κληρωτή, Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.21; withsg. Noun, Κυθηροδίκης ἀ. ἐκ τῆς Σπάρτης διέβαινεν αὐτόσε 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.53)]; term of office, ἀρχῆς λοιποὶ αὐτῷ δύο μῆνες[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.42; ἀρχαὶ καὶ λειτουργίαι “POxy.” 119.16 (3rd c.AD).)]
II.4 in plural, αἱ ἀρχαί the authorities, the magistrates, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.47, cf. Canon Laws texts cited in 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.83)]; ἐν ταῖς ἀ. εἶναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54)]; ἡ ἀρχή collectively, 'the board', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.22, compare “IG” 1.229, etc.; παραδιδόναι τινὰ τῇ ἀ. 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.48)]; but ἡ ἀ., of a single magistrate, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PHal. 1.226 (3rd c.BC))]; κατ᾽ ἀρχῆς γὰρ φιλαίτιος λεώς against authority, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 485; πομποὺς ἀρχάς [prev. author] “Ag.” 124 (_anapaest meter_).)]
II.5 command, i.e. body of troops, [LXX (LXX.1Ki.13.17, +others)]
II.6 plural, heavenly powers, [NT+5th c.AD+ (NT.Rom.8.38, +others, compare 5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 96)]; powers of evil, [NT (NT.Eph.6.12, +others)]
III ={εἶδος μελίσσης ἀκέντρου}, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)]
(see. ἄρχω) beginning, origin, νείκεος ἀ.[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.116; πήματος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.81; φόνου 21.4, etc.)]; opposed to τέλος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.51, etc.)]; opposed to τελευτή, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 607, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 715e, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ νούσων” 1.1; ἀ. γενέσθαι κακῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.97; ἀ. ποιήσασθαί τινος 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.128, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.37, 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.120, etc.; ἀ. λαβεῖν τινός 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.11; τὰς ἀρχὰς εἰληφέναι 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.28.3)]; ἀρχὴν ὑποθέσθαι lay a foundation, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.2, etc.; βαλέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Epistulae” 326e)] (and passive, ἀρχαὶ βέβληνται[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.8); ἀρχὴν ἄρχεσθαί τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 36e)]; source of action, [ὁ ἄνθρωπος] ἔχει ἀρχὴν ἐλευθέραν[Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 3.3.4.)]
b with Preps. in adverbial usages, ἐξ ἀρχῆς from the beginning, from the first, from of old, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.188, 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 10, etc.; οὑξ ἀ. φίλος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 385; ἡ ἐξ ἀ. ἔχθρα 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.3; τὸ ἐξ ἀ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 12.6; but πλουτεῖν ἐξ ἀ. πάλιν)]anew, afresh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 221; λόγον πάλιν ὥσπερ ἐξ ἀ. κινεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 450a)]; ὁ ἐξ ἀ. λόγος the original argument, [Refs ([prev. author] “Tht.” 177c, etc.)]; τὰ ἐξ ἀ. the principal sum, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1280a30:—also ἀπ᾽ ἀ. 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 425, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.104, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 8.25, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 344, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 206d)]; κατ᾽ ἀρχάς in the beginning, at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.153, 7.5; αὐτίκα κατ᾽ ἀ. [prev. author] 8.94; τὸ κατ᾽ ἀ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 798a, +others)]
c accusative ἀρχήν, absolutely, to begin with, at first, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.9, 2.28, 8.132; τὴν ἀρχήν 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 3.20: _plural_, τὰς ἀρχάς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 16.22.8)]: frequently followed by a negative, not at all, ἀρχὴν μηδὲ λαβών[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.39, compare 1.193, +others; ἀ. δὲ θηρᾶν οὐ πρέπει τἀμήχανα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 92; ἀ. κλύειν ἂν οὐκ.. ἐβουλόμην [prev. author] “Ph.” 1239, compare “El.” 439, 5th-6th c.BC: Philolaus Philosophus 3, 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.73, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 478c; sometimes with _Article_, τοῦτο οὐκ ἐνδέκομαι τὴν ἀ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.25; τὴν ἀ. γὰρ ἐξῆν αὐτῷ μὴ γράφειν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 23.93.)]
2 first principle, element, first so used by Anaximander, accusative to [Refs 4th c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Simplicius Philosophus “in Aristotelis Physica commentaria - Comm. in Arist. Graeca” 150.23, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 983b11, etc.; Ἡράκλειτος τὴν ἀ. εἶναί φησι ψυχήν [prev. author] “de An.” 405a25)]; of ὕλη and θεός, opposed to στοιχεῖα, [Refs (“Placita Philosophorum” 1.3.25)]; practical principle of conduct, τῶν πράξεων τὰς ἀρχὰς καὶ τὰς ὑποθέσεις[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 2.10)]; principles of knowledge, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 995b8, +others)]
3 end, corner, of a bandage, rope, sheet, etc., [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.60, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “κατ᾽ ἰητρεῖον” 9, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 762, 4th c.BC: Aeneas Tacticus 18.14, NT.Act.10.11)]; of a compound pulley, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Belopoeica” 84.14.)]
4 in Mathematics texts, origin of a curve, τῆς ἕλικος[Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Archimedes Geometra “περὶ ἑλίκων” 11 “Def.” 2, etc.; ξυνὸν ἀ. καὶ πέρας ἐπὶ κύκλου περιφερείας 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 103.)]
5 branch of a river, [LXX (LXX.Gen.2.10 (_plural_).)]
6 sum, total,[LXX (LXX.Num.1.2.)]
7 vital organs of the body, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.318, +others)]
II first place or power, sovereignty (not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus), Διὸς ἀρχά 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.64, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.6, etc.; γενέσθαι ἐπ᾽ ἀρχῆς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1284b2: _metaphorically_, μεγάλην μεντἂν ἀ. εἴης εὑρηκώς,)] of a stroke of fortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.196: _plural_, ἀρχαὶ πολισσονόμοι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 864 (Lyric poetry); τὰς ἐμὰς ἀρχὰς σέβων 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 744, etc.: with _genitive_ _of things_, τῆσδ᾽ ἔχων ἀρχὴν χθονός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 737)]; ἀ. τῶν νεῶν, τῆς θαλάσσης, power over them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.90, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Atheniensium” 2.7, etc.: proverbial, ἀ. ἄνδρα δείξει Biasap. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1130a1, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator “Prooemia” 48)]; method of government, οὐδὲ τὴν ἄλλην ἀ. ἐπαχθής[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54.)]
II.2 empire, realm, Κύρου, Περδίκκου ἀ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.91, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.128, etc.)]
II.3 magistracy, office, ἀρχὴν ἄρχειν, παραλαμβάνειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.80, 4.147; καταστήσας τὰς ἀ. καὶ ἄρχοντας ἐπιστήσας [prev. author] 3.89)]; εἰς ἀ. καθίστασθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.70)]; εἰς τὴν ἀ. εἰσιέναι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.72, etc.)]; ἀ. λαχεῖν to obtain an office, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 57.25; Ἑλληνοταμίαι τότε πρῶτον κατέστη ἀ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.96; ἐνιαύσιος ἀ. [prev. author] 6.54)]; ἀ. χειροτονητή, κληρωτή, Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.21; withsg. Noun, Κυθηροδίκης ἀ. ἐκ τῆς Σπάρτης διέβαινεν αὐτόσε 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.53)]; term of office, ἀρχῆς λοιποὶ αὐτῷ δύο μῆνες[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.42; ἀρχαὶ καὶ λειτουργίαι “POxy.” 119.16 (3rd c.AD).)]
II.4 in plural, αἱ ἀρχαί the authorities, the magistrates, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.47, cf. Canon Laws texts cited in 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.83)]; ἐν ταῖς ἀ. εἶναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.54)]; ἡ ἀρχή collectively, 'the board', [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.22, compare “IG” 1.229, etc.; παραδιδόναι τινὰ τῇ ἀ. 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.48)]; but ἡ ἀ., of a single magistrate, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (PHal. 1.226 (3rd c.BC))]; κατ᾽ ἀρχῆς γὰρ φιλαίτιος λεώς against authority, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 485; πομποὺς ἀρχάς [prev. author] “Ag.” 124 (_anapaest meter_).)]
II.5 command, i.e. body of troops, [LXX (LXX.1Ki.13.17, +others)]
II.6 plural, heavenly powers, [NT+5th c.AD+ (NT.Rom.8.38, +others, compare 5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 96)]; powers of evil, [NT (NT.Eph.6.12, +others)]
III ={εἶδος μελίσσης ἀκέντρου}, [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD(?): Hesychius Legal icographus)]