Strong G5442G5442Iφυλάσσω
to keep/guard: protect
One of the 3 senses of Strong G5442
- Transliteration
- phulassō
- Pronunciation
- foo-las'-so
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Detailed definition
φυλάσσω
[in LXX chiefly and very frequently for שָׁמַר, also for נָצַר, etc.;]
to guard, watch;
__(a) to guard or watch: with cogn. accusative, φυλακάς, Luk.2:8; with accusative of person(s), Act.12:4 28:16; pass., Luk.8:29, Act.23:35; with accusative of thing(s), Act.22:20;
__(b) to guard or protect: with accusative, Luk.11:21, Jhn.12:25 17:12, 2Th.3:3, 1Ti.6:20, 2Ti.1:12 1:14, 2Pe.2:5; ἑαυτὸν ἀπό, 1Jn.5:21 (Westc., in l); metaphorically of law, precept, etc., to keep, preserve, observe: Mat.19:20, Luk.11:28 18:21, Jhn.12:47, Act.7:53 16:4 21:24, Rom.2:26, Gal.6:13, 1Ti.5:21. Mid., to be on one's guard (against), keep oneself from, beware of: with accusative, Act.21:25, 2Ti.4:15; before ἀπό., Luk.12:15; ἵνα μή, 2Pe.3:17; as in LXX (Exo.12:17, Lev.18:4, al.), of laws, etc., to keep, observe: ταῦτα πάντα, Mrk.10:20 (cf. δια-φυάσσω).†
SYN.: τηρέω, q.v (AS)
[in LXX chiefly and very frequently for שָׁמַר, also for נָצַר, etc.;]
to guard, watch;
__(a) to guard or watch: with cogn. accusative, φυλακάς, Luk.2:8; with accusative of person(s), Act.12:4 28:16; pass., Luk.8:29, Act.23:35; with accusative of thing(s), Act.22:20;
__(b) to guard or protect: with accusative, Luk.11:21, Jhn.12:25 17:12, 2Th.3:3, 1Ti.6:20, 2Ti.1:12 1:14, 2Pe.2:5; ἑαυτὸν ἀπό, 1Jn.5:21 (Westc., in l); metaphorically of law, precept, etc., to keep, preserve, observe: Mat.19:20, Luk.11:28 18:21, Jhn.12:47, Act.7:53 16:4 21:24, Rom.2:26, Gal.6:13, 1Ti.5:21. Mid., to be on one's guard (against), keep oneself from, beware of: with accusative, Act.21:25, 2Ti.4:15; before ἀπό., Luk.12:15; ἵνα μή, 2Pe.3:17; as in LXX (Exo.12:17, Lev.18:4, al.), of laws, etc., to keep, observe: ταῦτα πάντα, Mrk.10:20 (cf. δια-φυάσσω).†
SYN.: τηρέω, q.v (AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5442I appears in 14 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- keep11
- beware2
- save1
First verses
- Luke 2:8And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field, keeping watch over their flock by night.
- Luke 12:15And he said unto them, Take heed, and beware of covetousness: for a man’s life consisteth not in the abundance of the things which he possesseth.
- John 12:25He that loveth his life shall lose it; and he that hateth his life in this world shall keep it unto life eternal.
- John 17:12While I was with them in the world, I kept them in thy name: those that thou gavest me I have kept, and none of them is lost, but the son of perdition; that the scripture might be fulfilled.
- Acts 21:25As touching the Gentiles which believe, we have written and concluded that they observe no such thing, save only that they keep themselves from things offered to idols, and from blood, and from strangled, and from fornication.
- Acts 22:20And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.
- 2 Thessalonians 3:3But the Lord is faithful, who shall stablish you, and keep you from evil.
- 1 Timothy 6:20O Timothy, keep that which is committed to thy trust, avoiding profane and vain babblings, and oppositions of science falsely so called:
- 2 Timothy 1:12For the which cause I also suffer these things: nevertheless I am not ashamed: for I know whom I have believed, and am persuaded that he is able to keep that which I have committed unto him against that day.
- 2 Timothy 1:14That good thing which was committed unto thee keep by the Holy Ghost which dwelleth in us.
- 2 Peter 2:5And spared not the old world, but saved Noah the eighth person, a preacher of righteousness, bringing in the flood upon the world of the ungodly;
- 2 Peter 3:17Ye therefore, beloved, seeing ye know these things before, beware lest ye also, being led away with the error of the wicked, fall from your own stedfastness.
- 1 John 5:21Little children, keep yourselves from idols. Amen.
- Jude 1:24Now unto him that is able to keep you from falling, and to present you faultless before the presence of his glory with exceeding joy,
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
φῠλάσσω,
Attic dialect φυλάττω, Epic dialect infinitive φυλασσέμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, 419)]; poetry imperfect φύλασσε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Pae.” 6.91)]: future φυλάξω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.195, etc.:)]aorist ἐφύλαξα, Epic dialect φύλ- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.686, etc.)]: perfect πεφύλᾰχα [LXX+5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 10.408f, (δια-) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.6.3 (-πεφυλακ- codices), 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.9 (-πεφυλακ- codices), (παρα-) 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 632a; πεφύλακα LXX.1Ki.25.21, 5th c.BC: Arg. Euripides Tragicus “Med.” (πεφυλακέναι and πεφυκέναι codices))]:—middle, future -άξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, etc.)]; also in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 48, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.9)]: aorist ἐφυλαξάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.130 (variant), 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7, etc.)]:—passive, future -αχθήσομαι[Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Ars Rhetorica” 5.6, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.426)]: aorist ἐφυλάχθην [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pisc.” 15)]: perfect πεφύλαγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.19 (_anapaest meter_), compare below with 1, 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 54.74 (in _passive_ sense))]; imperative, only in middle sense in early writers, πεφύλαξο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 797, Oracle texts cited in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; participle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.343, etc.)]
A absolutely, keep watch and ward, keep guard, especially by night, ἀνίη καὶ τὸ φυλάσσειν πάννυχον ἐγρήσσοντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.52; οὐδ᾽ ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, compare 419, 421)]; εἰ μέν κ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ δυσκηδέα νύκτα φυλάσσω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466, compare 22.195)]; (middle, see below c); σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.303; αὐτοῦ φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 243; τὴν μὲν ἡμέραν κατὰ διαδοχὴν φ. τὴν δὲ νύκτα καὶ ξύμπαντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.28; ἐφύλαττον περὶ τὰ βασίλεια 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.68; οἱ φυλάττοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.34)]; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.53; κατὰ θάλατταν ἐφύλαττεν ὅπως μηδὲν εἰσπλέοι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; φ. ἕως.. watch or wait till.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.15)]; φ. πηνίκα.. [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.308: with _accusative_ _cognate_, φυλακὰς φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.10, NT.Luke.2.8.)]
A.2 to be on one's guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.135.)]
B transitive, watch, guard, defend, ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.35, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.417, +others)]; σύας, μῆλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.593, 12.136; τὴν ἑωυτῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.46; πόλιν φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 136 (Lyric poetry), “IG” 12.108.46; πύλας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 950; σε φυλάττοι Ζεύς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 499 (_anapaest meter_); βρέτας ἧσαι φυλάσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 440)]; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.7 (but τὴν γραῦν φ. ἀπὸ τῶν κεραμίων)] keep away from.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 87))]: with accusative et infinitive, τοὐμὸν φυλάξει ὀ ὄνομα μὴ πάσχειν κακῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 667; ὁ νόμος φ. μὴ ἅπτεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 838b; φ. μηδένα περαιοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.17; φ. τὸ μηδὲν ἐναντίον γενέσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.313)]: followed by a relative clause, φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 480a; φύλαττέ με μὴ παρακρούσωμαί σε [prev. author] “Cra.” 393c)]; φ. τινά, εἰ.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Smp.” 220d)]:—passive, to be watched, kept under guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.4.27.)]
B.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.670; νόστον φ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.251)]; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 8; τοὺς πολεμίους 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.2; φ. τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.34)]; keep a watch on, [τινα] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.6; τοὺς παραβαίνοντας 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289a19.)]
B.2.b especially watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event, τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.48; φ. τὴν ἡμέραν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.37)]; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.3; φυλάσσουσι γραφόμενοι τὸ ἀποβαῖνον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82; τοὺς ἐτησίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.31)]: with a participle added, δείλην ὀψίην γινομένην φυλάξαντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.9: φ. Ξέρξην.. δεῖπνον προτιθέμενον [prev. author] 9.110)]; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώτας
D [Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.165: followed by a _relative_ clause, φ. ὅ τι χρήσεται.. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.12.)]
D.3 metaphorically, preserve, maintain, cherish, [χόλον] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.30; αἰδῶ καὶ φιλότητα 24.111; ὅρκια 3.280)]; φ. ἔπος observe a command,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (16.686; φ. ῥῆμα 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 2.9; τελετάς [prev. author] “O.” 3.41; νόμον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 616; τοὺς νόμους 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 292a, compare “Grg.” 461d, etc.; τὸ σὸν πιστόν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 626; τὰς συνθήκας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 17.20; τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια “POxy.” 905.9 (2nd c.AD))]; λόγον πρός τινα [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 56.21 (3rd c.AD, _passive_))]; φ. σιγήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 542)]; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 204)]; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1213 (Lyric poetry); ἄξια ἤθη 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 736; φ. τῇ μνήμῃ τὰ λεχθέντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 783c)]; φ. τὸν θυμόν[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 867a; τὴν τιμωρίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.40; φ. καὶ ταμιεύειν πάντα τινί 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.40; τὸ μέρος τοῖς θεοῖς 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.3.4)]; τἀγαθά, opposed to κτήσασθαι, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.23; μᾶλα ἐν κόλποισι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.120, compare 7.64; εἰ μὴ φυλάσσεις μίκρ᾽, ἀπολεῖς τὰ μείζονα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 172; ἀθάνατον ἔχθραν μὴ φύλαττε [prev. work] 4)]: with a predicate added, φ. τινά δεδεμένον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.47; ἀδέκαστον φ. τὴν διάνοιαν 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 34; ἀκύμααντον τὸ πέλαγος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMar.” 5.1:)] —passive, ὅσος παρ᾽ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 382.)]
D.4 keep in a place, continue in, τόδε δῶμα φυλάσσοις, ἀθάνατός τ᾽ εἴης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.208.)]
D.5 notice, observe, Ath. [prev. cited]
D.6 maintain, hold fast to a view, τινὰ σπουδαῖον εἶναι [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.9.)]
D.7 with accusative, beware of, avoid, ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).791.)]
D.8 φ. μὴ with subjunctive, take care lest.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 145 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 154d)]; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.276.)]
D.9 middle, φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., [LXX (LXX.Josh.23.11.)]
C middle,
C.I absolutely, to be on one's guard, keep watch, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 769; used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in participle, νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.188)]; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.343, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.5.9; φυλαττομένους πορεύεσθαι)]with caution, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.2.30, compare “Cyn.” 10.10.)]
C.I.2 with accusative, keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 263, 561)]; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ᾽ εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεο[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 491; φρεσί “hymnus ad Apollinem” 544, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.40; τὰ λελεγμένα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012.)]
C.I.3 guard, keep safe, καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο Oracle texts cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148.)]
C.I.4 with genitive, φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.11)]; beware of, τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 161 (Lyric poetry); Ἄρκτοι πεφυλαγμέναι ὠκεανοῖο 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 48; πεφύλαξο παντοίων ἀνέμων [prev. author] 930.)]
C.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 27, etc.: ταῦτα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 7.130, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 4)]; τινας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 715, 804; τοὺς Ἀτρείδας εἰσορῶν φυλάξομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 455; τέττιξ ποιμένας.. πεφυλαγμένος 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 16.95.)]
C.II.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.932.)]
C.II.2 φ. πρός τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.69; ἀπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.9, “HG” 7.2.10.)]
C.II.3 with infinitive, φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, compare 1st c.BC(?): Ocellus Lucanus Philosophus 4.13; φ. μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.11; φ. μηδένα βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7)]; but also without μή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.5; φ. τὸ λυπῆσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.258; φ. ὁρᾶσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 611a28, compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.70; λέγειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1441b20:—two constructions joined, δισσὰ γὰρ φυλάσσεται [ψυχή], φίλων τε μέμψιν κἀς θεοὺς ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.)]
C.II.4 φ. μή followed by subjunctive, take care lest.., τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 392, compare “Supp.” 498, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 67, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 257, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.16, etc.)]; so φ. ὅπως μή.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mem.” 1.2.37; ἃς ἐγὼ φυλάξομαι.. μὴ κατουρήσωσί μου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.2.14.)]
Attic dialect φυλάττω, Epic dialect infinitive φυλασσέμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, 419)]; poetry imperfect φύλασσε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Pae.” 6.91)]: future φυλάξω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.195, etc.:)]aorist ἐφύλαξα, Epic dialect φύλ- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.686, etc.)]: perfect πεφύλᾰχα [LXX+5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 10.408f, (δια-) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.6.3 (-πεφυλακ- codices), 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.9 (-πεφυλακ- codices), (παρα-) 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 632a; πεφύλακα LXX.1Ki.25.21, 5th c.BC: Arg. Euripides Tragicus “Med.” (πεφυλακέναι and πεφυκέναι codices))]:—middle, future -άξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, etc.)]; also in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 48, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.9)]: aorist ἐφυλαξάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.130 (variant), 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7, etc.)]:—passive, future -αχθήσομαι[Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Ars Rhetorica” 5.6, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.426)]: aorist ἐφυλάχθην [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pisc.” 15)]: perfect πεφύλαγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.19 (_anapaest meter_), compare below with 1, 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 54.74 (in _passive_ sense))]; imperative, only in middle sense in early writers, πεφύλαξο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 797, Oracle texts cited in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; participle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.343, etc.)]
A absolutely, keep watch and ward, keep guard, especially by night, ἀνίη καὶ τὸ φυλάσσειν πάννυχον ἐγρήσσοντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.52; οὐδ᾽ ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, compare 419, 421)]; εἰ μέν κ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ δυσκηδέα νύκτα φυλάσσω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466, compare 22.195)]; (middle, see below c); σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.303; αὐτοῦ φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 243; τὴν μὲν ἡμέραν κατὰ διαδοχὴν φ. τὴν δὲ νύκτα καὶ ξύμπαντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.28; ἐφύλαττον περὶ τὰ βασίλεια 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.68; οἱ φυλάττοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.34)]; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.53; κατὰ θάλατταν ἐφύλαττεν ὅπως μηδὲν εἰσπλέοι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; φ. ἕως.. watch or wait till.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.15)]; φ. πηνίκα.. [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.308: with _accusative_ _cognate_, φυλακὰς φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.10, NT.Luke.2.8.)]
A.2 to be on one's guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.135.)]
B transitive, watch, guard, defend, ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.35, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.417, +others)]; σύας, μῆλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.593, 12.136; τὴν ἑωυτῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.46; πόλιν φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 136 (Lyric poetry), “IG” 12.108.46; πύλας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 950; σε φυλάττοι Ζεύς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 499 (_anapaest meter_); βρέτας ἧσαι φυλάσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 440)]; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.7 (but τὴν γραῦν φ. ἀπὸ τῶν κεραμίων)] keep away from.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 87))]: with accusative et infinitive, τοὐμὸν φυλάξει ὀ ὄνομα μὴ πάσχειν κακῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 667; ὁ νόμος φ. μὴ ἅπτεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 838b; φ. μηδένα περαιοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.17; φ. τὸ μηδὲν ἐναντίον γενέσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.313)]: followed by a relative clause, φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 480a; φύλαττέ με μὴ παρακρούσωμαί σε [prev. author] “Cra.” 393c)]; φ. τινά, εἰ.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Smp.” 220d)]:—passive, to be watched, kept under guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.4.27.)]
B.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.670; νόστον φ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.251)]; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 8; τοὺς πολεμίους 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.2; φ. τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.34)]; keep a watch on, [τινα] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.6; τοὺς παραβαίνοντας 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289a19.)]
B.2.b especially watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event, τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.48; φ. τὴν ἡμέραν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.37)]; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.3; φυλάσσουσι γραφόμενοι τὸ ἀποβαῖνον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82; τοὺς ἐτησίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.31)]: with a participle added, δείλην ὀψίην γινομένην φυλάξαντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.9: φ. Ξέρξην.. δεῖπνον προτιθέμενον [prev. author] 9.110)]; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώτας
D [Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.165: followed by a _relative_ clause, φ. ὅ τι χρήσεται.. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.12.)]
D.3 metaphorically, preserve, maintain, cherish, [χόλον] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.30; αἰδῶ καὶ φιλότητα 24.111; ὅρκια 3.280)]; φ. ἔπος observe a command,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (16.686; φ. ῥῆμα 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 2.9; τελετάς [prev. author] “O.” 3.41; νόμον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 616; τοὺς νόμους 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 292a, compare “Grg.” 461d, etc.; τὸ σὸν πιστόν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 626; τὰς συνθήκας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 17.20; τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια “POxy.” 905.9 (2nd c.AD))]; λόγον πρός τινα [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 56.21 (3rd c.AD, _passive_))]; φ. σιγήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 542)]; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 204)]; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1213 (Lyric poetry); ἄξια ἤθη 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 736; φ. τῇ μνήμῃ τὰ λεχθέντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 783c)]; φ. τὸν θυμόν[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 867a; τὴν τιμωρίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.40; φ. καὶ ταμιεύειν πάντα τινί 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.40; τὸ μέρος τοῖς θεοῖς 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.3.4)]; τἀγαθά, opposed to κτήσασθαι, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.23; μᾶλα ἐν κόλποισι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.120, compare 7.64; εἰ μὴ φυλάσσεις μίκρ᾽, ἀπολεῖς τὰ μείζονα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 172; ἀθάνατον ἔχθραν μὴ φύλαττε [prev. work] 4)]: with a predicate added, φ. τινά δεδεμένον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.47; ἀδέκαστον φ. τὴν διάνοιαν 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 34; ἀκύμααντον τὸ πέλαγος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMar.” 5.1:)] —passive, ὅσος παρ᾽ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 382.)]
D.4 keep in a place, continue in, τόδε δῶμα φυλάσσοις, ἀθάνατός τ᾽ εἴης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.208.)]
D.5 notice, observe, Ath. [prev. cited]
D.6 maintain, hold fast to a view, τινὰ σπουδαῖον εἶναι [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.9.)]
D.7 with accusative, beware of, avoid, ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).791.)]
D.8 φ. μὴ with subjunctive, take care lest.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 145 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 154d)]; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.276.)]
D.9 middle, φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., [LXX (LXX.Josh.23.11.)]
C middle,
C.I absolutely, to be on one's guard, keep watch, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 769; used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in participle, νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.188)]; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.343, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.5.9; φυλαττομένους πορεύεσθαι)]with caution, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.2.30, compare “Cyn.” 10.10.)]
C.I.2 with accusative, keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 263, 561)]; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ᾽ εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεο[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 491; φρεσί “hymnus ad Apollinem” 544, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.40; τὰ λελεγμένα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012.)]
C.I.3 guard, keep safe, καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο Oracle texts cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148.)]
C.I.4 with genitive, φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.11)]; beware of, τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 161 (Lyric poetry); Ἄρκτοι πεφυλαγμέναι ὠκεανοῖο 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 48; πεφύλαξο παντοίων ἀνέμων [prev. author] 930.)]
C.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 27, etc.: ταῦτα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 7.130, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 4)]; τινας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 715, 804; τοὺς Ἀτρείδας εἰσορῶν φυλάξομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 455; τέττιξ ποιμένας.. πεφυλαγμένος 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 16.95.)]
C.II.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.932.)]
C.II.2 φ. πρός τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.69; ἀπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.9, “HG” 7.2.10.)]
C.II.3 with infinitive, φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, compare 1st c.BC(?): Ocellus Lucanus Philosophus 4.13; φ. μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.11; φ. μηδένα βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7)]; but also without μή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.5; φ. τὸ λυπῆσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.258; φ. ὁρᾶσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 611a28, compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.70; λέγειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1441b20:—two constructions joined, δισσὰ γὰρ φυλάσσεται [ψυχή], φίλων τε μέμψιν κἀς θεοὺς ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.)]
C.II.4 φ. μή followed by subjunctive, take care lest.., τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 392, compare “Supp.” 498, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 67, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 257, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.16, etc.)]; so φ. ὅπως μή.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mem.” 1.2.37; ἃς ἐγὼ φυλάξομαι.. μὴ κατουρήσωσί μου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.2.14.)]