Strong G5354φθονέω
to envy
- Transliteration
- phthoneō
- Pronunciation
- fthon-eh'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
From G5355; to be jealous of: - envy.
Detailed definition
φθονέω, -ῶ
(φθόνος), [in LXX: Tob.4:7, 16 AB *;]
to envy: with dative (L, txt., Tr., mg., WH, mg., accusative), as in cl., Gal.5:26.†
(AS)
(φθόνος), [in LXX: Tob.4:7, 16 AB *;]
to envy: with dative (L, txt., Tr., mg., WH, mg., accusative), as in cl., Gal.5:26.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5354 appears in 1 verse of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- envy1
First verses
- Galatians 5:26Let us not be desirous of vain glory, provoking one another, envying one another.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
φθον-έω,
aorist ἐφθόνησα, later ἐφθόνεσα [LXX+3rd c.AD+ (LXX.Tob.4.7, “JHS” 46.45 (Athens, 3rd-4th c.AD), “Anthologia Graeca” 5.303, 7.607 (6th c.AD: Palladas Epigrammaticus), 4th-5th c.AD(?): Nonnus Epicus “Dionysiaca” 3.159)]:—middle, future in passive sense φθονήσομαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.70)]:—passive, fut φθονηθήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 11.15)]: aorist ἐφθονήθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 30, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.2.33, etc.)]: perfect participle ἐφθονημένος [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 6.11.10, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 330.2)]: (φθόνος):—bear ill-will or malice, grudge, be envious or jealous,
I absolutely, εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.55, 56)]; κρείττων δόξα τῶν φθονούντων too high for envy, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.24)]; εἰ πέφυκε φθονεῖν τὸ θεῖον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare (φθονερός 1.2) 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 982b32: with _accusative_ et)]infinitive, οὔτε τινὰ φθονέω δόμεναι I do not grudge that any should give thee, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.16; οὐ φθονῶ σ᾽ ὑπεκφυγεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 553; τὸ μὲν σὸν οὐ φθονῶ καλῶς ἔχειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 312; ἐφθόνησαν [οἱ θεοὶ] ἄνδρα ἕνα βασιλεῦσαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.109)]; ἔφη (i.e. ὁ Σωκράτης) φθονεῖν τοῦς ἐπὶ ταῖς φίλων εὐπραξίαις ἀνιωμένους [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.9.8; ὁ φθονῶν ἐπὶ κακοῖς τοῖς τῶν πέλας ἡδόμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 48b.)]
I.2 with dative person, πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει καὶ ἀοιδὸς ἀοιδῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 26; οὐ φ. ἀγαθοῖς 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.71; φ. φασὶ μητρυιὰς τέκνοις 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1025; τισὶ φ. καὶ δυσμενῶς ἔχειν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.241, compare 8.13)]; frequently with participle added, φ. τινὶ εὖ πρήσσοντι to envy him for his good fortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.236, 237; παιδικοῖς φ. οὐσίαν κεκτημένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 240a, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 27.11)]; without a Noun expressed, καλῶς πράττουσι, πλουτοῦντι φ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.26, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 21.15, etc.: with _dative_ _of things_, φ. τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.4.10 (variant{ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγ}.,compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.26; ἐφ᾽ οἷς ἕτεροι ποιήσαντες ἐτιμήθησαν φ. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.151): with _genitive_ _of things_, τοῦ εὐτυχέειν φθονέουσι καὶ τὸ κρέσσον στυγέουσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.236)]; οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀλλοτρίων φθονέειν to be envious because of other men's goods [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.18)]: with dative person et genitive of things, bear a grudge against a person on account of a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 1309.)]
I.3 resent, with genitive, τῆς δοκήσεως τῶν κερδῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.43)]: with dative of things, feel righteous indignation at, ταῖς εὐπραγίαις τινῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.124; also with _dative_ _person_, [prev. author] 4.184, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 28.18.)]
I.3.b φ. τινὶ followed by ει.., or ἐάν.. take it ill or amiss that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.146, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; μή μοι φθονήσητ᾽, ει.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 496: _absolutely_, φ. ἐάν τις.. 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.9)]; φθονεῖς ἄπαις οὖσ᾽, εἰ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1302)]; also φ. τινὶ ὅτι.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.39)]; φ. ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 24.3, uncertain reading in 18.16.)]
II refuse from feelings of envy or ill-will, grudge, with infinitive, οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι ἀγορεῦσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.381; μὴ φθόνει κιρνάμεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 5(4).24; φράσαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 63; σαυτὸν ἐπιδοῦναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 249)]; μὴ φθονήσῃς is frequently in dialogue, do not refuse to do a thing, μὴ φ. διδάξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 338a, compare “Hp.Mi.” 372e, “Smp.” 223a; also μὴ φθόνει μοι ἀποκρίνασθαι [prev. author] “Grg.” 489a)]; μὴ φθονήσῃς alone, [Refs ([prev. author] “Prt.” 320c; δῆλον ὅτι οὐ φθονήσει Ἱππίας ἀποκρίνεσθαι [prev. author] “Hp.Mi.” 363c; οὐδενὶ πώποτε ἐφθόνησα [prev. author] “Ap.” 33a)]: with participle, μηδέ μοι φθόνει λέγων [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 480 (nisi to be read λόγων))]: with accusative et infinitive, τί φθονέεις.. ἀοιδὸν τέρπει; [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.346)]: with dative et infinitive, τῇ δ᾽ οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι.. ἅψασθαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (19.348; οὔτοι φθονῶ σοι δαιμόνων τιμᾶν γένος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 236.)]
II.2 grudge, refuse to grant a thing, φθονήσας μήτ᾽ ἀπ᾽ οἰωνῶν φάτιν, μήτ᾽ εἴ τινα.. μαντικῆς ἔχεις ὁδόν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 310: with _dative_ _person_ et _genitive_ _of things_, οὔ τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.68; μηδέ μοι φθονήσῃς εὐγμάτων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 583 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 238; μή μοι φθονήσῃς τοῦ μαθήματος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 297b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.4.16; φ. τοῖς ἑαλωκόσι τῆς σωτηρίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 6.58.5)]: with genitive of things only, to be grudging of a thing, πέπλων, καρποῦ, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 333, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 238a)]; μηδ᾽ ὀλίγης φθονέσῃς γαίης [Refs (“JHS” [prev. cited])]
III passive, to be envied or begrudged, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.52, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 188, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 30; διὰ σοφίαν φ. ὑπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.2.33; ἐπ᾽ ἐσθλοῖς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 814 (Lyric poetry); φθονηθέντα ὑπὸ Μοίρης “JRS” 18.30 (from Phrygia))]: with genitive, to be grudged a thing, φ. τοῦ γάμου ὑπὸ δαιμονίου τινός [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.772b.)]
aorist ἐφθόνησα, later ἐφθόνεσα [LXX+3rd c.AD+ (LXX.Tob.4.7, “JHS” 46.45 (Athens, 3rd-4th c.AD), “Anthologia Graeca” 5.303, 7.607 (6th c.AD: Palladas Epigrammaticus), 4th-5th c.AD(?): Nonnus Epicus “Dionysiaca” 3.159)]:—middle, future in passive sense φθονήσομαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.70)]:—passive, fut φθονηθήσομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 11.15)]: aorist ἐφθονήθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 30, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.2.33, etc.)]: perfect participle ἐφθονημένος [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 6.11.10, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 330.2)]: (φθόνος):—bear ill-will or malice, grudge, be envious or jealous,
I absolutely, εἴ περ γὰρ φθονέω τε καὶ οὐκ εἰῶ διαπέρσαι, οὐκ ἀνύω φθονέουσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.55, 56)]; κρείττων δόξα τῶν φθονούντων too high for envy, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 3.24)]; εἰ πέφυκε φθονεῖν τὸ θεῖον [Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare (φθονερός 1.2) 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 982b32: with _accusative_ et)]infinitive, οὔτε τινὰ φθονέω δόμεναι I do not grudge that any should give thee, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.16; οὐ φθονῶ σ᾽ ὑπεκφυγεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 553; τὸ μὲν σὸν οὐ φθονῶ καλῶς ἔχειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 312; ἐφθόνησαν [οἱ θεοὶ] ἄνδρα ἕνα βασιλεῦσαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.109)]; ἔφη (i.e. ὁ Σωκράτης) φθονεῖν τοῦς ἐπὶ ταῖς φίλων εὐπραξίαις ἀνιωμένους [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.9.8; ὁ φθονῶν ἐπὶ κακοῖς τοῖς τῶν πέλας ἡδόμενος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Philebus” 48b.)]
I.2 with dative person, πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει καὶ ἀοιδὸς ἀοιδῷ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 26; οὐ φ. ἀγαθοῖς 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.71; φ. φασὶ μητρυιὰς τέκνοις 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1025; τισὶ φ. καὶ δυσμενῶς ἔχειν 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.241, compare 8.13)]; frequently with participle added, φ. τινὶ εὖ πρήσσοντι to envy him for his good fortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.236, 237; παιδικοῖς φ. οὐσίαν κεκτημένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 240a, compare 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 27.11)]; without a Noun expressed, καλῶς πράττουσι, πλουτοῦντι φ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.26, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 21.15, etc.: with _dative_ _of things_, φ. τοῖς ἀγαθοῖς τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.4.10 (variant{ἐπὶ τοῖς ἀγ}.,compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 1.26; ἐφ᾽ οἷς ἕτεροι ποιήσαντες ἐτιμήθησαν φ. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 20.151): with _genitive_ _of things_, τοῦ εὐτυχέειν φθονέουσι καὶ τὸ κρέσσον στυγέουσι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.236)]; οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ ἀλλοτρίων φθονέειν to be envious because of other men's goods [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.18)]: with dative person et genitive of things, bear a grudge against a person on account of a thing, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 1309.)]
I.3 resent, with genitive, τῆς δοκήσεως τῶν κερδῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.43)]: with dative of things, feel righteous indignation at, ταῖς εὐπραγίαις τινῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 8.124; also with _dative_ _person_, [prev. author] 4.184, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 28.18.)]
I.3.b φ. τινὶ followed by ει.., or ἐάν.. take it ill or amiss that.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.146, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; μή μοι φθονήσητ᾽, ει.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 496: _absolutely_, φ. ἐάν τις.. 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 3.9)]; φθονεῖς ἄπαις οὖσ᾽, εἰ.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1302)]; also φ. τινὶ ὅτι.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.1.39)]; φ. ὅτι.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 24.3, uncertain reading in 18.16.)]
II refuse from feelings of envy or ill-will, grudge, with infinitive, οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι ἀγορεῦσαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.381; μὴ φθόνει κιρνάμεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 5(4).24; φράσαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 63; σαυτὸν ἐπιδοῦναι 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 249)]; μὴ φθονήσῃς is frequently in dialogue, do not refuse to do a thing, μὴ φ. διδάξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 338a, compare “Hp.Mi.” 372e, “Smp.” 223a; also μὴ φθόνει μοι ἀποκρίνασθαι [prev. author] “Grg.” 489a)]; μὴ φθονήσῃς alone, [Refs ([prev. author] “Prt.” 320c; δῆλον ὅτι οὐ φθονήσει Ἱππίας ἀποκρίνεσθαι [prev. author] “Hp.Mi.” 363c; οὐδενὶ πώποτε ἐφθόνησα [prev. author] “Ap.” 33a)]: with participle, μηδέ μοι φθόνει λέγων [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 480 (nisi to be read λόγων))]: with accusative et infinitive, τί φθονέεις.. ἀοιδὸν τέρπει; [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.346)]: with dative et infinitive, τῇ δ᾽ οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι.. ἅψασθαι [Refs 4th c.BC+ (19.348; οὔτοι φθονῶ σοι δαιμόνων τιμᾶν γένος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 236.)]
II.2 grudge, refuse to grant a thing, φθονήσας μήτ᾽ ἀπ᾽ οἰωνῶν φάτιν, μήτ᾽ εἴ τινα.. μαντικῆς ἔχεις ὁδόν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 310: with _dative_ _person_ et _genitive_ _of things_, οὔ τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 6.68; μηδέ μοι φθονήσῃς εὐγμάτων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 583 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 238; μή μοι φθονήσῃς τοῦ μαθήματος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthydemus” 297b, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.4.16; φ. τοῖς ἑαλωκόσι τῆς σωτηρίας 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 6.58.5)]: with genitive of things only, to be grudging of a thing, πέπλων, καρποῦ, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 333, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 238a)]; μηδ᾽ ὀλίγης φθονέσῃς γαίης [Refs (“JHS” [prev. cited])]
III passive, to be envied or begrudged, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.52, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 188, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 30; διὰ σοφίαν φ. ὑπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 4.2.33; ἐπ᾽ ἐσθλοῖς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 814 (Lyric poetry); φθονηθέντα ὑπὸ Μοίρης “JRS” 18.30 (from Phrygia))]: with genitive, to be grudged a thing, φ. τοῦ γάμου ὑπὸ δαιμονίου τινός [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.772b.)]