Strong G5142τρέφω
to feed
- Transliteration
- trephō
- Pronunciation
- tref'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
A primary verb (properly θρέφω threphō; but perhaps strengthened from the base of G5157 through the idea of convolution); properly to stiffen that is fatten (by implication to cherish [with food etc.]6
pamper rear): - bring up feed nourish.
pamper rear): - bring up feed nourish.
Detailed definition
τρέφω
[in LXX for חָיָה hi., גָּדַל pi., אָכַל hi., etc.;]
1. to make to grow, bring up, rear (cl.; 1Ma.3:33 1Mac 11:39): Luk.4:16 (T, WH, mg., ἀνατ-)
2. to nourish, feed: Mat.6:26 25:37, Luk.12:24, Act.12:20, Rev.12:6, 14; of a mother, to give suck, Luk.23:29; of animals, to fatten (Jer.26:21 (Jer.46:21), figuratively, Jas.5:5 (cf. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, ἐν-τρέφω).†
(AS)
[in LXX for חָיָה hi., גָּדַל pi., אָכַל hi., etc.;]
1. to make to grow, bring up, rear (cl.; 1Ma.3:33 1Mac 11:39): Luk.4:16 (T, WH, mg., ἀνατ-)
2. to nourish, feed: Mat.6:26 25:37, Luk.12:24, Act.12:20, Rev.12:6, 14; of a mother, to give suck, Luk.23:29; of animals, to fatten (Jer.26:21 (Jer.46:21), figuratively, Jas.5:5 (cf. ἀνα-, ἐκ-, ἐν-τρέφω).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5142 appears in 8 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- nourish3
- feed2
- feedeth2
- bring1
First verses
- Matthew 6:26Behold the fowls of the air: for they sow not, neither do they reap, nor gather into barns; yet your heavenly Father feedeth them. Are ye not much better than they?
- Matthew 25:37Then shall the righteous answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, and fed thee? or thirsty, and gave thee drink?
- Luke 4:16And he came to Nazareth, where he had been brought up: and, as his custom was, he went into the synagogue on the sabbath day, and stood up for to read.
- Luke 12:24Consider the ravens: for they neither sow nor reap; which neither have storehouse nor barn; and God feedeth them: how much more are ye better than the fowls?
- Acts 12:20And Herod was highly displeased with them of Tyre and Sidon: but they came with one accord to him, and, having made Blastus the king’s chamberlain their friend, desired peace; because their country was nourished by the king’s country.
- James 5:5Ye have lived in pleasure on the earth, and been wanton; ye have nourished your hearts, as in a day of slaughter.
- Revelation 12:6And the woman fled into the wilderness, where she hath a place prepared of God, that they should feed her there a thousand two hundred and threescore days.
- Revelation 12:14And to the woman were given two wings of a great eagle, that she might fly into the wilderness, into her place, where she is nourished for a time, and times, and half a time, from the face of the serpent.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
τρέφω,
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.52, etc.)]; Doric dialect τράφω (see. entry); 1st pers. singular optative τρέφοιν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 903)]: future θρέψω [Refs (“hymnus ad Venerem” 257, etc.:)]aorist 1 ἔθρεψα, Epic dialect θρέψα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.548:)]aorist 2 ἔτρᾰφον (see. infr. B): perfect τέτροφα intransitive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.237, (συν-) 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἱερῆς νούσου” 11; but _transitive_, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 186 (Lyric poetry); also τέτρᾰφα 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 12.25h. 5:)] —middle, future θρέψομαι in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Genit.” 9, “Nat.Puer.” 23, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.49, etc.)]: aorist ἐθρεψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.46, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 928)], etc.:—passive, future τρᾰφήσομαι Ps.-[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.32, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 8.41)], etc., but in early writers in middle form θρέψομαι (see. above): aorist 1 ἐθρέφθην, Epic dialect θρέφθη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 198)], rare in Trag. and Attic dialect, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 351, 600, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 310a; ἐθράφθη “IG” 12(9).286 (Eretria, 6th c.BC):)]aorist 2 ἐτράφην [ᾰ] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (sed see infr. B), 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 754 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 335 (Lyric poetry), etc.)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν, τράφεν, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.348, 1.251)]: perfect τέθραμμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος ἀνθρώπου” 5, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 578, etc.)]; 2nd pers. plural τέθραφθε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 625a (but συντέτραφθε)] [assuming variant] in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.4.14))]; infinitive τεθράφθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 525a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.3.24 (in both with see l. τετρ-).)]
I thicken or congeal a liquid, γάλα θρέψαι curdle it, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.246)]; τρέφε (imperfect) πίονατυρόν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.106:)] —passive, with perfect active τέτροφα, curdle, congeal, γάλα τρεφόμενον τυρὸν ἐργάζεσθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 16.32; περὶ χροΐ τέτροφεν ἅλμη 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.237.)]
II usually, cause to grow or increase, bring up, rear, especially of children bred and brought up in a house, ὅ σ᾽ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.283; ἥ μ᾽ ἔτεχ᾽, ἥ μ᾽ ἔθρεψε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.131, compare 12.134; εὖ ἔτρεφεν ἠδ᾽ ἀτίταλλεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.191, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.354; ἐγώ σ᾽ ἔθρεψα, σὺν δὲ γηράναι θέλω 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 908, compare “Supp.” 894; μέχρι ἥβης τ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.46; γεννᾶν καὶ τ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 274a; τ. τε καὶ αὔξειν μέγαν [prev. author] “R.” 565c: with _accusative_ _cognate_, τ. τινὰ τροφήν τινα)] bring up in a certain way, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.2; also τῶν πρώτων μαθημάτων, ἐν οἷς οἱ παλαιοὶ τοὺς παῖδας ἔτρεφον 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 16.691)]:—middle, rear for oneself, θρέψαιό τε φαίδιμον υἱόν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.368; αὐτὸν ἐθρέψαντο δράκοντες 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.46; τεκοῦσα τόνδ᾽ ὄφιν ἐθρεψάμην 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 928; οἱ γεννήσαντες καὶ θρεψάμενοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 717c; τεκὼν ἀρετὴν καὶ θ. [prev. author] “Smp.” 212a; ἔτεκον μὲν ὑμᾶς πολεμίοις δ᾽ ἐθρεψάμην ὕβρισμα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 458)]:—passive, to be reared, grow up, ὅς μοι τηλύγετος τρέφεται θαλίῃ ἔνι πολλῇ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.143; τῇ ὁμοῦ ἐτρεφόμην 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.365; ἅμα τράφεν ἠδ᾽ ἐγένοντο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.251, etc.)]; κάρτιστοι τράφεν ἀνδρῶν grew up the strongest men, [Refs ([prev. work] 266)]:—properly a boy was called τρεφόμενος only so long as he remained in the charge of the women, i. e. till his fifth year, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136)]; ἐξ ὅτου 'τράφην ἐγώ from the time when I left the nursery, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 322)]; but even of pre-natal growth, ἐν σκότοισινηδύος τεθραμμένη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 665, compare “Th.” 754 (Lyric poetry):—generally, in Trag., τραφεὶς μητρὸς εὐγενοῦς ἄπο 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1229)]; ὅπως πατρὸς δείξεις οἷος ἐξ οἵου τράφης[Refs ([prev. work] 557; κρατίστου πατρὸς.. τραφείς [prev. author] “Ph.” 3: παῖδες μητέρων τεθραμμέναι)] true nurslings of your mothers, implying a reproach for unmanliness (assuming variant), [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 792)]; μιᾶς τρέφει πρὸς νυκτός art nursed by night alone, i. e. art blind, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 374.)]
II.2 of slaves, cattle, dogs and the like, rear and keep them, κύνας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.69, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.22, etc.; ἵππους 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.766)]; λέοντος ἶνιν (see. σίνις) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 717 (Lyric poetry); μῆλα [prev. author] “Eu.” 946 (Lyric poetry); ὄφιν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 226 (conjecture for στρέφουσι); ἰκτῖνα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 628; ὄρτυγας 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 214; ὄρνιθας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 197c)]; οἱ τρέφοντες (i.e. τοὺς ἐλέφαντας) the keepers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 571b33; τ. παιδαγωγούς 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.187; also τ. γυναῖκα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 749)]; τ. [ἑταίραν], [πόρνας], keep.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 2, 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 87)]; ὁ τρέφων one's master, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC(?): Nicolaus Comicus 1.11, 36: _metaphorically_, αἰγιαλὸν ἔνδον τρέφει)] he keeps a sea-beach in the house, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 110)]:—passive, to be bred, reared, δοῦλος οὐκ ὠνητός, ἀλλ᾽ οἴκοι τραφείς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1123)]; ἐν τῇ σῇ οἰκίᾳ γέγονεν καὶ τέθραπται was born and bred, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 85e)]; Ἀγαθῖνον θρεμένον (i. e. τεθρεμμένον, ={θρεπτόν}, see at {θρεπτός} [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (1) ἑαυτῶν “MAMA” 4.275 B (Dionysopolis, 2nd c.AD))]; Νείκην τὴν θρεμένην μου [Refs 2nd c.AD+ ([prev. work]276 A (Dionysopolis, 2nd c.AD).)]
II.3 tend, cherish, τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ φίλεόν τε καὶ ἔτρεφον, of Calypso, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.135, compare 7.256)]; of plants, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.53; θρέψασα φυτὸν ὥς 18.57, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.175.)]
II.4 of parts of the body, let grow, cherish, foster, χαίτην.. Σπερχειῷ τρέφε [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.142; τῷ θεῷ [πλόκαμον] τ. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 494; ὑπήνην ἄκουρον τ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 476 (Lyric poetry))]; τ. κόμην, ={κομᾶν}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.82; [τρίχες] πολλῷ ἐλαίῳ τραφεῖσαι 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Belopoeica” 112: also τά θ᾽ ὕεσσι τρέφει ἀλοιφήν)] things which put fat on swine, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.410; τεθραμμένη εἰς πολυσαρκίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.1.22.)]
II.5 in Poets, of earth and sea, breed, produce, teem with, οὐδὲν ἀκιδνότερον γαῖα τ. ἀνθρώποιο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.130; ἄγρια, τά τε τρέφει οὔρεσιν ὕλη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.52; φάρμακα, ὅσα τρέφει εὐρεῖα χθών 11.741; ὅσ᾽ ἤπειρος.. τρέφει ἠδὲ θάλασσα 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 582; πολλὰ γᾶ τρέφει δεινά 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 585 (Lyric poetry), compare 128, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1181; θάλασσα.. τρέφουσα πορφύρας ἰσάργυρον κηκῖδα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 959)]; ὃν πόντος τ., i. e. the sailors, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.48)]: rare in Prose, ἀεί τι ἡ Αιβύη τρέφει καινόν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Generatione Animalium” 746b8.)]
II.6 in Poets also, simply, have within oneself, contain, ὅ τι καὶ πόλις τέτροφεν ἄφιλον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 186 (Lyric poetry), compare “Tr.” 817)]; τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχαιτέραν to keep his tongue more quiet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Ant.” 1089; ἡ γλῶσσα τὸν θυμὸν δεινὸν τ. [prev. author] “Aj.” 1124; τἀληθὲς γὰρ ἰσχῦον τρέφω [prev. author] “OT” 356 (so in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, τ. ἰσχυρὸν τὸ ἐλεινόν “R.” 606b); τ. νόσον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 795; ἐκ φόβου φόβον τ. [prev. author] “Tr.” 28; ἄταν [prev. author] “Aj.” 644 (Lyric poetry))]; οἵας λατρείας.. τρέφει what services.. she has as her lot, [Refs ([prev. work] 503)]; ἐν ἐλπίσιν τρέφω.. ἥξειν I cherish hopes that.., [Refs ([prev. author] “Ant.” 897)]; τὸν Καδμογενῆ τρέφει.. βιότου πολύπονον [πέλαγος] is his daily lot, [Refs ([prev. author] “Tr.” 117 (Lyric poetry, but Reiske's conjecture στρέφει is probably))]; πόνοι τρέφοντες βροτούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 367 (Lyric poetry).)]
III maintain, support, τ. ἀνδρὸς μόχθος ἡμένας ἔσω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 921, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.106; τοῦ τρέφοντος Ἡλίου χθονὸς φύσιν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 633; τ. τὸν πατέρα 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.13; τὴν οἰκίαν ὅλην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.67; οὐ δίκαιον τρέφεσθαι ὑπὸ πατρὸς ὑὸν ἡβῶντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 568e; τὰ κτήνη χιλῷ ἐτρέφοντο 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.5.25)]; γάλακτι, τυρῷ, κρέασι τ., [Refs ([prev. author] “Mem.” 4.3.10)]; σίτῳ, ὄψῳ, [Refs ([prev. author] “Lac.” 1.3)]; feed a patient, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.503, 19.185)]; provide the food for an employee, σοῦ τρέφοντος αὐτόν, ἐμοῦ δὲ ἱματίζοντος αὐτόν [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 1647.14 (2nd c.AD))]; also τ. ἀπό τινος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 313c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.1; ἔκ τινος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1479 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 372b.)]
III.2 maintain an army or fleet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.83, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.9 (_passive_))]; τ. τὰς ναῦς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.44, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.5.5, 5.1.24)]; τ. τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπὸ τῶν νήσων[Refs ([prev. work] 4.8.9; ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν τρέφεσθαι [prev. author] “An.” 7.4.11, etc.)]
III.3 of land, feed, maintain one, τρέφει γὰρ οὗτος [ὁ ἀγρὸς].. με [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 98.2, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 63, 466, +others)]
III.4 of women, feed or suckle an infant, συνεξομοιοῦται τὰ τρεφόμενα ταῖς τρεφούσαις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.88; γυνὴ τρέφουσα [prev. work] 87)]; ἡ τρέφουσα, ={ἡ τροφός}, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 6.44.)]
III.5 of food, nourish, τὰ Ἡρακλεωτικὰ τρέφει οὐχ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἀμυγδάλοις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Diocl.fragment 126, compare 117; ἡ οὐκ ἐπιτηδείως τῷ σώματι διδομένη τροφὴ οὐ τρέφει 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.49; πυρῶν.. ὅσοι κοῦφοι.. ἧττον τρέφουσι 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “Vict.Att” 6; τὸ δέρμα πᾶν αὐτοῖς ὡς ἂν ὑπὸ φλεγματώδους αἵματος τρεφόμενον οἰδαλέον γίνεται [prev. author] 18(2).118, compare 106.)]
IV bring up, rear, educate, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Fragmenta” 19, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.53, etc.; τῷ λόγῳ τ. καὶ παιδεύεις 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 534d; θρέψαι καὶ παιδεῦσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.18; Δήμητερ ἡ θρέψασα τὴν ἐμὴν φρένα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 479)]; ἡ θρέψασα (i.e. γῆ) the motherland, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 47)]:—middle, ἐθρέψω Ξέρξην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἤθεσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 695e)]; ἡ θρεψαμένη one's motherland, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 85:)] —passive, ὀρθῶς, εὖ τραφῆναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 401e, Alcaeus1.120e)]; παιδείᾳ, ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ παιδείᾳ τ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Lg.” 695c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 1.16; ἐν πολυτρόποις ξυμφοραῖς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.44; ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172c; ἐν χλιδῇ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.54; ἐν ἐλευθερίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 175d, “Mx.” 239a; ἐν ἄλλοις νόμοις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1327a14; ἐν φωνῇ βαρβάρῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 341c; πάσαις Μούσαισι “BCH” 50.444 (Thespiae, 4th c.AD).)]
V the passive sometimes came to mean little more than to be, ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ πολέμιον ἐτράφη (i.e. τὸ γένος) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 335 (Lyric poetry), compare “Th.” 141, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 805.)]
B [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus uses an _intransitive_)]aorist 2 active ἔτραφον in passive sense (which is to τρέφομαι, τέτροφα (intransitive) as ἔδρακον to δέρκομαι, δέδορκα, etc.), ὃς.. ἔτραφ᾽ ἄριστος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.279; λέοντε ἐτραφέτην ὑπὸ μητρί 5.555)]; τραφέμεν (Epic dialect for τραφεῖν)[Refs 8th c.BC+ (7.199, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.28, +others)]; ἐπεὶ τράφ᾽ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ, i. e. when he was well-grown, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.661)]:—as transitive the aorist 2 is used by [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.90, and τράφε in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.53 is _Doric dialect_)]imperfect:—ἐτράφην is perhaps post-Homeric; 3rd.pers. singular τράφη is see reading in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.661, _1st pers._ _plural_ ἐτράφημεν and _1st pers._ _sing._ ἐτράφην)] (περ) variants in [Refs (23.84; τράφη is in all codices of 3.201, 11.222, which should probably be emended from 2.661)]; 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (23.348 (variant{ἔτραφον}), 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.417 (variant{ἔτραφον}))]; τράφεν in all codices of [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.251, 266, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.201, also (with see l. τράφον) in 4.723)]: the vox nihili ἐτράφεμεν, found in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.84)] as cited by [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.149, was emended by Scaliger to ἐτράφομεν)]:—the reduplicate 3rd.pers. singular τέτραφ᾽ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.279)], 3rd.pers. plural τέτραφεν [Refs (23.348)], are ff. lines, though found in many codices Later this aorist became obsolete, except in Epic dialect imitators, as in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Jovem” 55, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Oppianus Anazarbensis Epicus “Halieutica - Poetae Bucolici et Didactici” 1.774.)]
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.52, etc.)]; Doric dialect τράφω (see. entry); 1st pers. singular optative τρέφοιν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 903)]: future θρέψω [Refs (“hymnus ad Venerem” 257, etc.:)]aorist 1 ἔθρεψα, Epic dialect θρέψα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.548:)]aorist 2 ἔτρᾰφον (see. infr. B): perfect τέτροφα intransitive, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.237, (συν-) 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἱερῆς νούσου” 11; but _transitive_, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 186 (Lyric poetry); also τέτρᾰφα 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 12.25h. 5:)] —middle, future θρέψομαι in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Genit.” 9, “Nat.Puer.” 23, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.49, etc.)]: aorist ἐθρεψάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.46, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 928)], etc.:—passive, future τρᾰφήσομαι Ps.-[Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 60.32, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 8.41)], etc., but in early writers in middle form θρέψομαι (see. above): aorist 1 ἐθρέφθην, Epic dialect θρέφθη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 198)], rare in Trag. and Attic dialect, [Refs 6th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 351, 600, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 310a; ἐθράφθη “IG” 12(9).286 (Eretria, 6th c.BC):)]aorist 2 ἐτράφην [ᾰ] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (sed see infr. B), 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 754 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 335 (Lyric poetry), etc.)]; Epic dialect 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν, τράφεν, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.348, 1.251)]: perfect τέθραμμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος ἀνθρώπου” 5, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Heraclidae” 578, etc.)]; 2nd pers. plural τέθραφθε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 625a (but συντέτραφθε)] [assuming variant] in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 6.4.14))]; infinitive τεθράφθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 525a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.3.24 (in both with see l. τετρ-).)]
I thicken or congeal a liquid, γάλα θρέψαι curdle it, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.246)]; τρέφε (imperfect) πίονατυρόν [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.106:)] —passive, with perfect active τέτροφα, curdle, congeal, γάλα τρεφόμενον τυρὸν ἐργάζεσθαι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (2nd-3rd c.AD: Aelianus “De Natura Animalium - Ar.Byzantine Epit.” 16.32; περὶ χροΐ τέτροφεν ἅλμη 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 23.237.)]
II usually, cause to grow or increase, bring up, rear, especially of children bred and brought up in a house, ὅ σ᾽ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 8.283; ἥ μ᾽ ἔτεχ᾽, ἥ μ᾽ ἔθρεψε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.131, compare 12.134; εὖ ἔτρεφεν ἠδ᾽ ἀτίταλλεν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.191, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.354; ἐγώ σ᾽ ἔθρεψα, σὺν δὲ γηράναι θέλω 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 908, compare “Supp.” 894; μέχρι ἥβης τ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.46; γεννᾶν καὶ τ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 274a; τ. τε καὶ αὔξειν μέγαν [prev. author] “R.” 565c: with _accusative_ _cognate_, τ. τινὰ τροφήν τινα)] bring up in a certain way, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.2; also τῶν πρώτων μαθημάτων, ἐν οἷς οἱ παλαιοὶ τοὺς παῖδας ἔτρεφον 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 16.691)]:—middle, rear for oneself, θρέψαιό τε φαίδιμον υἱόν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.368; αὐτὸν ἐθρέψαντο δράκοντες 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.46; τεκοῦσα τόνδ᾽ ὄφιν ἐθρεψάμην 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 928; οἱ γεννήσαντες καὶ θρεψάμενοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 717c; τεκὼν ἀρετὴν καὶ θ. [prev. author] “Smp.” 212a; ἔτεκον μὲν ὑμᾶς πολεμίοις δ᾽ ἐθρεψάμην ὕβρισμα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hercules Furens” 458)]:—passive, to be reared, grow up, ὅς μοι τηλύγετος τρέφεται θαλίῃ ἔνι πολλῇ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.143; τῇ ὁμοῦ ἐτρεφόμην 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.365; ἅμα τράφεν ἠδ᾽ ἐγένοντο 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.251, etc.)]; κάρτιστοι τράφεν ἀνδρῶν grew up the strongest men, [Refs ([prev. work] 266)]:—properly a boy was called τρεφόμενος only so long as he remained in the charge of the women, i. e. till his fifth year, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136)]; ἐξ ὅτου 'τράφην ἐγώ from the time when I left the nursery, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 322)]; but even of pre-natal growth, ἐν σκότοισινηδύος τεθραμμένη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 665, compare “Th.” 754 (Lyric poetry):—generally, in Trag., τραφεὶς μητρὸς εὐγενοῦς ἄπο 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1229)]; ὅπως πατρὸς δείξεις οἷος ἐξ οἵου τράφης[Refs ([prev. work] 557; κρατίστου πατρὸς.. τραφείς [prev. author] “Ph.” 3: παῖδες μητέρων τεθραμμέναι)] true nurslings of your mothers, implying a reproach for unmanliness (assuming variant), [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 792)]; μιᾶς τρέφει πρὸς νυκτός art nursed by night alone, i. e. art blind, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 374.)]
II.2 of slaves, cattle, dogs and the like, rear and keep them, κύνας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.69, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.22, etc.; ἵππους 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.766)]; λέοντος ἶνιν (see. σίνις) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 717 (Lyric poetry); μῆλα [prev. author] “Eu.” 946 (Lyric poetry); ὄφιν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 226 (conjecture for στρέφουσι); ἰκτῖνα 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Fragmenta” 628; ὄρτυγας 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 214; ὄρνιθας 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 197c)]; οἱ τρέφοντες (i.e. τοὺς ἐλέφαντας) the keepers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 571b33; τ. παιδαγωγούς 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.187; also τ. γυναῖκα 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 749)]; τ. [ἑταίραν], [πόρνας], keep.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 2, 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 87)]; ὁ τρέφων one's master, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC(?): Nicolaus Comicus 1.11, 36: _metaphorically_, αἰγιαλὸν ἔνδον τρέφει)] he keeps a sea-beach in the house, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 110)]:—passive, to be bred, reared, δοῦλος οὐκ ὠνητός, ἀλλ᾽ οἴκοι τραφείς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1123)]; ἐν τῇ σῇ οἰκίᾳ γέγονεν καὶ τέθραπται was born and bred, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 85e)]; Ἀγαθῖνον θρεμένον (i. e. τεθρεμμένον, ={θρεπτόν}, see at {θρεπτός} [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (1) ἑαυτῶν “MAMA” 4.275 B (Dionysopolis, 2nd c.AD))]; Νείκην τὴν θρεμένην μου [Refs 2nd c.AD+ ([prev. work]276 A (Dionysopolis, 2nd c.AD).)]
II.3 tend, cherish, τὸν μὲν ἐγὼ φίλεόν τε καὶ ἔτρεφον, of Calypso, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.135, compare 7.256)]; of plants, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.53; θρέψασα φυτὸν ὥς 18.57, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.175.)]
II.4 of parts of the body, let grow, cherish, foster, χαίτην.. Σπερχειῷ τρέφε [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.142; τῷ θεῷ [πλόκαμον] τ. 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 494; ὑπήνην ἄκουρον τ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 476 (Lyric poetry))]; τ. κόμην, ={κομᾶν}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.82; [τρίχες] πολλῷ ἐλαίῳ τραφεῖσαι 2nd-1st c.BC(?): Hero Mechanicus “Belopoeica” 112: also τά θ᾽ ὕεσσι τρέφει ἀλοιφήν)] things which put fat on swine, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.410; τεθραμμένη εἰς πολυσαρκίαν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.1.22.)]
II.5 in Poets, of earth and sea, breed, produce, teem with, οὐδὲν ἀκιδνότερον γαῖα τ. ἀνθρώποιο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.130; ἄγρια, τά τε τρέφει οὔρεσιν ὕλη 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.52; φάρμακα, ὅσα τρέφει εὐρεῖα χθών 11.741; ὅσ᾽ ἤπειρος.. τρέφει ἠδὲ θάλασσα 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 582; πολλὰ γᾶ τρέφει δεινά 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 585 (Lyric poetry), compare 128, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hecuba” 1181; θάλασσα.. τρέφουσα πορφύρας ἰσάργυρον κηκῖδα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 959)]; ὃν πόντος τ., i. e. the sailors, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.48)]: rare in Prose, ἀεί τι ἡ Αιβύη τρέφει καινόν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Generatione Animalium” 746b8.)]
II.6 in Poets also, simply, have within oneself, contain, ὅ τι καὶ πόλις τέτροφεν ἄφιλον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 186 (Lyric poetry), compare “Tr.” 817)]; τρέφειν τὴν γλῶσσαν ἡσυχαιτέραν to keep his tongue more quiet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Ant.” 1089; ἡ γλῶσσα τὸν θυμὸν δεινὸν τ. [prev. author] “Aj.” 1124; τἀληθὲς γὰρ ἰσχῦον τρέφω [prev. author] “OT” 356 (so in 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus, τ. ἰσχυρὸν τὸ ἐλεινόν “R.” 606b); τ. νόσον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 795; ἐκ φόβου φόβον τ. [prev. author] “Tr.” 28; ἄταν [prev. author] “Aj.” 644 (Lyric poetry))]; οἵας λατρείας.. τρέφει what services.. she has as her lot, [Refs ([prev. work] 503)]; ἐν ἐλπίσιν τρέφω.. ἥξειν I cherish hopes that.., [Refs ([prev. author] “Ant.” 897)]; τὸν Καδμογενῆ τρέφει.. βιότου πολύπονον [πέλαγος] is his daily lot, [Refs ([prev. author] “Tr.” 117 (Lyric poetry, but Reiske's conjecture στρέφει is probably))]; πόνοι τρέφοντες βροτούς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 367 (Lyric poetry).)]
III maintain, support, τ. ἀνδρὸς μόχθος ἡμένας ἔσω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 921, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 9.106; τοῦ τρέφοντος Ἡλίου χθονὸς φύσιν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 633; τ. τὸν πατέρα 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.13; τὴν οἰκίαν ὅλην 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.67; οὐ δίκαιον τρέφεσθαι ὑπὸ πατρὸς ὑὸν ἡβῶντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 568e; τὰ κτήνη χιλῷ ἐτρέφοντο 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.5.25)]; γάλακτι, τυρῷ, κρέασι τ., [Refs ([prev. author] “Mem.” 4.3.10)]; σίτῳ, ὄψῳ, [Refs ([prev. author] “Lac.” 1.3)]; feed a patient, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 15.503, 19.185)]; provide the food for an employee, σοῦ τρέφοντος αὐτόν, ἐμοῦ δὲ ἱματίζοντος αὐτόν [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“BGU” 1647.14 (2nd c.AD))]; also τ. ἀπό τινος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 313c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.1.1; ἔκ τινος 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1479 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 372b.)]
III.2 maintain an army or fleet, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.83, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.9 (_passive_))]; τ. τὰς ναῦς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.44, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.5.5, 5.1.24)]; τ. τὸ ναυτικὸν ἀπὸ τῶν νήσων[Refs ([prev. work] 4.8.9; ἐκ τῶν κωμῶν τρέφεσθαι [prev. author] “An.” 7.4.11, etc.)]
III.3 of land, feed, maintain one, τρέφει γὰρ οὗτος [ὁ ἀγρὸς].. με [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Philemo Comicus 98.2, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 63, 466, +others)]
III.4 of women, feed or suckle an infant, συνεξομοιοῦται τὰ τρεφόμενα ταῖς τρεφούσαις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.88; γυνὴ τρέφουσα [prev. work] 87)]; ἡ τρέφουσα, ={ἡ τροφός}, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 6.44.)]
III.5 of food, nourish, τὰ Ἡρακλεωτικὰ τρέφει οὐχ ὁμοίως τοῖς ἀμυγδάλοις [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (Diocl.fragment 126, compare 117; ἡ οὐκ ἐπιτηδείως τῷ σώματι διδομένη τροφὴ οὐ τρέφει 2nd c.AD: Soranus Medicus 1.49; πυρῶν.. ὅσοι κοῦφοι.. ἧττον τρέφουσι 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus “Vict.Att” 6; τὸ δέρμα πᾶν αὐτοῖς ὡς ἂν ὑπὸ φλεγματώδους αἵματος τρεφόμενον οἰδαλέον γίνεται [prev. author] 18(2).118, compare 106.)]
IV bring up, rear, educate, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Fragmenta” 19, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.53, etc.; τῷ λόγῳ τ. καὶ παιδεύεις 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 534d; θρέψαι καὶ παιδεῦσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.18; Δήμητερ ἡ θρέψασα τὴν ἐμὴν φρένα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 479)]; ἡ θρέψασα (i.e. γῆ) the motherland, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 47)]:—middle, ἐθρέψω Ξέρξην ἐν τοῖς αὐτοῖς ἤθεσιν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 695e)]; ἡ θρεψαμένη one's motherland, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Lycurgus Orator 85:)] —passive, ὀρθῶς, εὖ τραφῆναι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 401e, Alcaeus1.120e)]; παιδείᾳ, ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ παιδείᾳ τ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Lg.” 695c, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 1.16; ἐν πολυτρόποις ξυμφοραῖς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.44; ἐν φιλοσοφίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 172c; ἐν χλιδῇ 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 4.5.54; ἐν ἐλευθερίᾳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 175d, “Mx.” 239a; ἐν ἄλλοις νόμοις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1327a14; ἐν φωνῇ βαρβάρῳ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 341c; πάσαις Μούσαισι “BCH” 50.444 (Thespiae, 4th c.AD).)]
V the passive sometimes came to mean little more than to be, ἐπ᾽ ἐμοὶ πολέμιον ἐτράφη (i.e. τὸ γένος) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 335 (Lyric poetry), compare “Th.” 141, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 805.)]
B [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus uses an _intransitive_)]aorist 2 active ἔτραφον in passive sense (which is to τρέφομαι, τέτροφα (intransitive) as ἔδρακον to δέρκομαι, δέδορκα, etc.), ὃς.. ἔτραφ᾽ ἄριστος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.279; λέοντε ἐτραφέτην ὑπὸ μητρί 5.555)]; τραφέμεν (Epic dialect for τραφεῖν)[Refs 8th c.BC+ (7.199, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.28, +others)]; ἐπεὶ τράφ᾽ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ, i. e. when he was well-grown, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.661)]:—as transitive the aorist 2 is used by [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus only in 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.90, and τράφε in 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 3.53 is _Doric dialect_)]imperfect:—ἐτράφην is perhaps post-Homeric; 3rd.pers. singular τράφη is see reading in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.661, _1st pers._ _plural_ ἐτράφημεν and _1st pers._ _sing._ ἐτράφην)] (περ) variants in [Refs (23.84; τράφη is in all codices of 3.201, 11.222, which should probably be emended from 2.661)]; 3rd.pers. plural ἔτραφεν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (23.348 (variant{ἔτραφον}), 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 10.417 (variant{ἔτραφον}))]; τράφεν in all codices of [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.251, 266, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.201, also (with see l. τράφον) in 4.723)]: the vox nihili ἐτράφεμεν, found in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.84)] as cited by [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.149, was emended by Scaliger to ἐτράφομεν)]:—the reduplicate 3rd.pers. singular τέτραφ᾽ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 21.279)], 3rd.pers. plural τέτραφεν [Refs (23.348)], are ff. lines, though found in many codices Later this aorist became obsolete, except in Epic dialect imitators, as in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Jovem” 55, 2nd-3rd c.AD: Oppianus Anazarbensis Epicus “Halieutica - Poetae Bucolici et Didactici” 1.774.)]