Strong G4689σπένδω
to pour a libation
- Transliteration
- spendō
- Pronunciation
- spen'-do
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Apparently a primary verb; to pour out as a libation that is (figuratively) to devote (one´ s life or blood as a sacrifice) (spend): - (be ready to) be offered.
Detailed definition
σπένδω
[in LXX chiefly for נָסַךְ hi.;]
to pour out as a drink-offering, make a libation; pass., figuratively, σπένδομαι, I am poured out or offered as a libation (in the shedding of my life-blood): Php.2:17 (see Lft., in l), 2Ti.4:6 (for exx. from π., see Milligan, Selections, 114 f.; MM, xxiii).†
(AS)
[in LXX chiefly for נָסַךְ hi.;]
to pour out as a drink-offering, make a libation; pass., figuratively, σπένδομαι, I am poured out or offered as a libation (in the shedding of my life-blood): Php.2:17 (see Lft., in l), 2Ti.4:6 (for exx. from π., see Milligan, Selections, 114 f.; MM, xxiii).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G4689 appears in 2 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- offer2
- be1
First verses
- Philippians 2:17Yea, and if I be offered upon the sacrifice and service of your faith, I joy, and rejoice with you all.
- 2 Timothy 4:6For I am now ready to be offered, and the time of my departure is at hand.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
σπένδω,
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.775, etc.)]; Epic dialect subjunctive 2nd pers. singular σπένδῃσθα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.591)]: Ionic dialect imperfect σπένδεσκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.227, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.138)]: future σπείσω [LXX+5th c.BC+ (LXX.Num.28.7, (κατα-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.151, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1187)]: aorist ἔσπεισα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.55, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 42, etc.)]; Epic dialect σπεῖσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.177, σπείσασκε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.89)]; Epic dialect subjunctive σπείσομεν, for -ωμεν, [Refs (7.165, 181)]: perfect ἔσπεικα [Refs 1st c.AD+ ((κατ-) 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Sertorius” 14)]:—middle, aorist ἐσπεισάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.144, etc.)]:—passive, aorist ἐσπείσθην [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Romulus” 19:)]perfect ἔσπεισμαι, see below [Refs (11)] near the end:—make a drink-offering (because before drinking wine a portion was poured on the table, hearth, or altar), σπεῖσάν τ᾽ ἔπιόν θ᾽ ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.177; ἐπὴν σπείσῃς τε καὶ εὔξεαι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.45, compare 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 1.15, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1033, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 313, etc.)]: with dative of the god to whom the libation was made, σέπας ἑλὼν σπείσασκε θεοῖσιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.89; ὡς σπείσῃς Διὶ πατρὶ καὶ ἄλλοις ἀθανάτοισι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.259, compare 16.227, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.334, etc.)]; τὴν (i.e. κύλικα) δὲ θεοῖς σπένδεις [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 490)]; κρητῆρας σπενδέτω probably let him dedicate them by pouring an offering from them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 57.13 (Milet., 5th c.BC):)] —the liquid poured is mostly in _accusative_, σ. οἶνον pour wine, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.775, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.151; λοιβάς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 270)]; σπονδάς, χοάς, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 512, “Or.” 1322)]; elliptically, σ. ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος (i.e. σπονδήν) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 106)]; σ. οἴνου (partitive genitive) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 5.5.7:)] rarely with dative _of things_, ὕδατι σ. make a drink-offering with water, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.363)]; Ὀλυμπίῳ σ. ἀοιδαῖς make libations with songs to Zeus, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).9: also with _dative_ instrumenti, σ. δέπαϊ, δεπάεσσι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.196, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.137; χρυσίδι 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 124; χαλκέῃ φιάλῃ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.147; ἐκ χρυσέης φιάλης [prev. author] 7.54: with _genitive_, σ. βαιᾶς κύλικος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 42)]:—passive, οὗτος θεοῖσι σπένδεται θεὸς γεγώς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 284: so _metaphorically_ of a person, σπένδομαι ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ)] I am offered (as a drink-offering) upon it, [NT (NT.Phil.2.17, cf. NT.2Tim.4.6.)]
2 rarely without the religious sense, simply pour, τράγου οὖρον, as remedy for convulsions, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.187: _metaphorically_, σ. δάκρυα “Anthologia Graeca” 7.555b (Joann.), “IG” 14.1957, +others)]; ξίφος αἷμα τυράννων ἔσπ. [Refs (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.184.)]
II middle, pour libations one with another, and, as this was the custom in making treaties or agreements, make a treaty, make peace, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.144, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 199, “Av.” 1534, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.99, 119, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.9.7, etc.; τὰ μὲν σπενδόμενοι τὰ δὲ πολεμοῦντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.18:)] — Constr., σπένδεσθαί τινι make peace with one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 225, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.5, etc.; in full, σπένδεσθαί τινι σπονδάς [prev. work] 14 (but σ. τῇ πρεσβείᾳ)] give it pledges of safe conduct, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.63, compare 2.109)]; so σ. τινί obtain a truce for one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.7))]; σ. πρός τινας, for τισι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.17, 30, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.5.16)]; of a person, σπείσασθαι cum Bruto et Cassio, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Cicero, M. Tullius Orator et Philosophus “Epistulae ad Atticum” 15.29.2: _metaphorically_, σ. συμφοραῖς καὶ θεσπίσμασιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1680 {σπέος})]; σ. ἐπὶ τοῖσδε on these terms, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Ph.” 1240; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.4.6; also σ. ὥστε μὴ ἀδικεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.7; σ. ἦ μὴν ἐμμενεῖν ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς [prev. author] 4.118)]: with infinitive alone, [Refs ([prev. author] 7.83: less frequently with _accusative_, εἰρήνην σπεισάμενοι Λακεδαιμονίοισι)] having concluded a peace with them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; νεῖκος ἐσπεῖσθαι make up a quarrel, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1140; πόλεμον 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.36)]; σ. ἀναίρεσιν τοῖς νεκροῖς obtain a truce for taking up the dead, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.24; σ. σφίσιν ἡμέραν τοὺς νεκροὺς ἀνελέσθαι [prev. author] 4.114; σ. ἀναχώρησίν τινι [prev. author] 3.109; σ. περὶ τῶν τέκνων 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.494d:)] —perfect ἔσπεισμαι is used in middle sense in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Med.” [same place]; τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἐσπείσμην 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Phal.” 1.3)]; but in passive sense, ἐσπεῖσθαι τὰς σπονδάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.16; οἷς ἔσπειστο [prev. author] 3.111)]: aorist, ἐσπείσθησαν ἀνοχαί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Romulus” 19. (In 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.98, τοὺς νεκροὺς σπένδουσιν ἀναιρεῖσθαι)], emphasis is laid on the act of one of the parties, and in [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.422 (1st c.AD: Apollonides Epigrammaticus), σπεῖσαι δεύτερα φίλτρα γάμου, Reiske conjecture σπεύσῃς.))] (Cf. Hittite š (i) pand- 'pour a libation', Latin spondeo.)
[Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.775, etc.)]; Epic dialect subjunctive 2nd pers. singular σπένδῃσθα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.591)]: Ionic dialect imperfect σπένδεσκον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.227, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.138)]: future σπείσω [LXX+5th c.BC+ (LXX.Num.28.7, (κατα-) 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.151, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1187)]: aorist ἔσπεισα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.55, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 42, etc.)]; Epic dialect σπεῖσα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.177, σπείσασκε 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.89)]; Epic dialect subjunctive σπείσομεν, for -ωμεν, [Refs (7.165, 181)]: perfect ἔσπεικα [Refs 1st c.AD+ ((κατ-) 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Sertorius” 14)]:—middle, aorist ἐσπεισάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.144, etc.)]:—passive, aorist ἐσπείσθην [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Romulus” 19:)]perfect ἔσπεισμαι, see below [Refs (11)] near the end:—make a drink-offering (because before drinking wine a portion was poured on the table, hearth, or altar), σπεῖσάν τ᾽ ἔπιόν θ᾽ ὅσον ἤθελε θυμός [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.177; ἐπὴν σπείσῃς τε καὶ εὔξεαι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.45, compare 6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 1.15, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1033, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 313, etc.)]: with dative of the god to whom the libation was made, σέπας ἑλὼν σπείσασκε θεοῖσιν [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.89; ὡς σπείσῃς Διὶ πατρὶ καὶ ἄλλοις ἀθανάτοισι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.259, compare 16.227, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.334, etc.)]; τὴν (i.e. κύλικα) δὲ θεοῖς σπένδεις [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 490)]; κρητῆρας σπενδέτω probably let him dedicate them by pouring an offering from them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 57.13 (Milet., 5th c.BC):)] —the liquid poured is mostly in _accusative_, σ. οἶνον pour wine, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.775, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.151; λοιβάς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 270)]; σπονδάς, χοάς, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Electra” 512, “Or.” 1322)]; elliptically, σ. ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος (i.e. σπονδήν) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 106)]; σ. οἴνου (partitive genitive) [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 5.5.7:)] rarely with dative _of things_, ὕδατι σ. make a drink-offering with water, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 12.363)]; Ὀλυμπίῳ σ. ἀοιδαῖς make libations with songs to Zeus, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 6(5).9: also with _dative_ instrumenti, σ. δέπαϊ, δεπάεσσι, 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.196, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.137; χρυσίδι 5th c.BC: Cratinus Comicus 124; χαλκέῃ φιάλῃ 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.147; ἐκ χρυσέης φιάλης [prev. author] 7.54: with _genitive_, σ. βαιᾶς κύλικος 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 42)]:—passive, οὗτος θεοῖσι σπένδεται θεὸς γεγώς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 284: so _metaphorically_ of a person, σπένδομαι ἐπὶ τῇ θυσίᾳ)] I am offered (as a drink-offering) upon it, [NT (NT.Phil.2.17, cf. NT.2Tim.4.6.)]
2 rarely without the religious sense, simply pour, τράγου οὖρον, as remedy for convulsions, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.187: _metaphorically_, σ. δάκρυα “Anthologia Graeca” 7.555b (Joann.), “IG” 14.1957, +others)]; ξίφος αἷμα τυράννων ἔσπ. [Refs (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.184.)]
II middle, pour libations one with another, and, as this was the custom in making treaties or agreements, make a treaty, make peace, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.144, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 199, “Av.” 1534, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.99, 119, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.9.7, etc.; τὰ μὲν σπενδόμενοι τὰ δὲ πολεμοῦντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.18:)] — Constr., σπένδεσθαί τινι make peace with one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 225, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.5, etc.; in full, σπένδεσθαί τινι σπονδάς [prev. work] 14 (but σ. τῇ πρεσβείᾳ)] give it pledges of safe conduct, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 3.63, compare 2.109)]; so σ. τινί obtain a truce for one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.3.7))]; σ. πρός τινας, for τισι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.17, 30, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.5.16)]; of a person, σπείσασθαι cum Bruto et Cassio, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Cicero, M. Tullius Orator et Philosophus “Epistulae ad Atticum” 15.29.2: _metaphorically_, σ. συμφοραῖς καὶ θεσπίσμασιν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 1680 {σπέος})]; σ. ἐπὶ τοῖσδε on these terms, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Ph.” 1240; ἐφ᾽ ᾧ.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.4.6; also σ. ὥστε μὴ ἀδικεῖν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.7; σ. ἦ μὴν ἐμμενεῖν ἐν ταῖς σπονδαῖς [prev. author] 4.118)]: with infinitive alone, [Refs ([prev. author] 7.83: less frequently with _accusative_, εἰρήνην σπεισάμενοι Λακεδαιμονίοισι)] having concluded a peace with them, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; νεῖκος ἐσπεῖσθαι make up a quarrel, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1140; πόλεμον 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.36)]; σ. ἀναίρεσιν τοῖς νεκροῖς obtain a truce for taking up the dead, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.24; σ. σφίσιν ἡμέραν τοὺς νεκροὺς ἀνελέσθαι [prev. author] 4.114; σ. ἀναχώρησίν τινι [prev. author] 3.109; σ. περὶ τῶν τέκνων 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.494d:)] —perfect ἔσπεισμαι is used in middle sense in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Med.” [same place]; τοῖς ἐχθροῖς ἐσπείσμην 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Phal.” 1.3)]; but in passive sense, ἐσπεῖσθαι τὰς σπονδάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.16; οἷς ἔσπειστο [prev. author] 3.111)]: aorist, ἐσπείσθησαν ἀνοχαί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Romulus” 19. (In 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.98, τοὺς νεκροὺς σπένδουσιν ἀναιρεῖσθαι)], emphasis is laid on the act of one of the parties, and in [Refs 1st c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 9.422 (1st c.AD: Apollonides Epigrammaticus), σπεῖσαι δεύτερα φίλτρα γάμου, Reiske conjecture σπεύσῃς.))] (Cf. Hittite š (i) pand- 'pour a libation', Latin spondeo.)