Strong G4235πρᾶος

πρᾶος, ον,
also πρᾱΰς, Ionic dialect πρηΰς, εῖα, ΰ:—πρᾶος supplies singular in Attic dialect, Trag., and Comedy texts, except that the feminine is always πραεια (πρᾶος as feminine only in [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.168d))]; but singular πραΰς, Ionic dialect πρηΰς, is used in Epic dialect and Lyric poetry (also in [LXX+5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus and usually in LXX, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus, etc.))]:—plural, nominative πρηέες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “ἐπιδημίαι” 1.10, πρηεῖς “Anthologia Graeca” 5.208 (3rd c.BC: Posidippus Comicus or 3rd c.BC: Asclepiades Epigrammaticus), πρᾶοι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 562d, etc.; _feminine_ πρηεῖαι “Anthologia Graeca” 6.244 (1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Crinagoras Epigrammaticus); _neuter_ πραέα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 15.4, “Eq.” 9.10, etc., πρᾶα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 488b22, _falsa lectio_ in 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.351; _genitive_ πραέων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.4.9; _dative_ πραέσι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 888a, 930a, _feminine_ πραίαις)] written for πραείαις [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“IG” 7.3101 (Lebad., 3rd c.AD))]; accusative πραεῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 18.37.7, πράους 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 3.55)]: comparative πραότερος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 20.21, πραΰτερος 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 153, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 85a, etc.)], Ionic dialect πρηΰτ- [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.181)]: superlative πραότατος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 116c, etc., πραΰτατος “Syria” 5.337 (from Sidon))]; Epic dialect and Ionic dialect πρηΰτατος [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 2.937, “Anthologia Graeca” 6.349 (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus); πράϋστος “MAMA” 1.237 (from Phrygia))]. (The ι subscr. is frequently written in codices, but Πρᾶος is written in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (“IG” 22.1928.20 (_proper name_, 4th c.BC), “IGRom.” 4.504 (Pergam.), compare 9th c.AD: Photius Legal icographus, etc., “Etymologicum Gudianum” 478.31)]; πραύτερος is found once in codices, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Ti.” [prev. cited] (proved wrong by πραΰς “Comica Adespota” in “Gött. Nachr.” 1922.31, πραέα (_neuter_ _plural_) in “PCair.Zen.” 33.12 (3rd c.BC), πραέως “UPZ” 144.6 (2nd c.BC), and by the absence of iota in _Ionic dialect_ πρηΰς)))]:—mild, soft, gentle (not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” or 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey”):)]
1 of things, πρηῢ σέλας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“H.Hom.” 8.10; πραῢς ὄαρος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.136)]; mild, πυρετοί Hp.[same place]; ἰητρείη πρηεῖα [Refs ([prev. author] “Art.” 69)]; of sound, soft, gentle, τὴν φωνὴν πραοτέραν ποιοῦνται [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Symposium” 1.10; ἀνέμων πρηΰτατε Ζέφυρε “Anthologia Graeca” 6.349 (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus))]; ὠδῖνες[Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. work] 244 (1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Crinagoras Epigrammaticus); κέντρον [prev. work] 229 ([prev. author]).)]
2 of persons, mild, gentle, meek, πραῢς ἀστοῖς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.71; πᾶσιν ἵλεώς τε καὶ πρᾶος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 566e)]; πρὸς τοὺς οἰκείους π.[Refs ([prev. work] 375c; π. τὸ ἦθος [prev. author] “Phdr.” 243c; π. ἐν τοῖς λόγοις [prev. author] “Euthd.” 303d)]; especially after having been angry, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.181 (_comparative_))]; ὁ θὴρ ὅδ᾽ ἡμῖν π., of Dionysus, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 436)]; of a horse, gentle, ἀλλήλοις πραότεροι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.1.29)]; of other animals, tame, ἰχθύων μεγάλων καὶ πραέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “An.” 1.4.9, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 488b22; ζῷα.. πραέα πρὸς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 15.4: proverbial, πραΰτερος μολόχας 5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 153; also, τόπος ἡμερώτερος καὶ πραότερος 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 9.67.)]
3 of actions, feelings, etc., mild, τιμωρίαι πραότεραι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 867b; πραότεραι ἡδοναί [prev. work] 815e; λόγοι, ἤθη, φύσις, [prev. work] 888a, 930a, “R.” 375c; ὄσσοισι πρηέσιν δέρκευ “BMus.Inscription” 921b8 (Branchidae, 1st-2nd c.AD))]; τὰ πραέα caresses, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.10)]; πραότερα πάσχειν [Refs (Pl “Cri.” 49b.)]
II making mild, taming, φάρμακον πραῢ τείνων ἀμφὶ γένυι, of a bridle, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.85; προκινεῖν αὐτὸν [τὸν ἵππον] ὡς πραοτάτοις σημείοις 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “de Equitandi ratione” 9.3.)]
III adverb πράως, mildly, gently, πράως πείθειν τινά, φέρειν τι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 589c, “Cri.” 43b; πράως ἔχειν πρός τι [prev. author] “Ly.” 211e)]; πράως λέγειν τὸ πάθος to speak lightly of it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.5.14)]; πράως διακεῖσθαι, opposed to ὀργίζεσθαι, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.183; πράως, μὴ πικρῶς [prev. author] 18.265)]; in physical sense, gently, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus “fragment” 134: _comparative_, πραότερον προδιδάσκειν, κολάζειν, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 489d, “Phd.” 94d)]; πραοτέρως (variant{-υτέρως}) ἔχειν τινί [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “Antiquitates Judaicae” 17.6.4)]: superlative, φέρειν.. ὡς πραότωτα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 387e)]: later form πραέως (πράως [Ἀττικοί], οὐ πραέως [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (9th c.AD: Photius Legal icographus, etc.), “UPZ” 144.6 (2nd c.BC), 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 1.36, 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 1.13, uncertain in “Comica Adespota” 336.5 (compare πρατίας))], etc.: Ionic dialect πρηέως conjecture in [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 46 (πράως and πραέως codices))]. (Cogn. with Sanskrit prīṇā´ti 'love, give pleasure to', Gothic frijon 'love', frijonds 'friend'.)