Strong G4183πολύς
much
- Transliteration
- polus polos
- Pronunciation
- pol-oos'
- Morphology
- Greek Adjective OR Greek Adverb
Definition
Including the forms from the alternate pollos; (singular) much (in any respect) or (plural) many; neuter (singular) as adverb largely; neuter (plural) as adverb or noun often mostly largely : - abundant + altogether common + far (passed spent) (+ be of a) great (age deal -ly while) long many much oft (-en [-times]) plenteous sore straitly. Compare G4118 G4119 .
Detailed definition
πολύς, πολλή, πολύ,
[in LXX chiefly for רַב and cognate forms;]
1. as adj., much, many, great, of number, space, degree, value, time, etc.: ἀριθμός, Act.11:21; ὄχλος, Mrk.5:24; θερισμός, Mat.9:37; χόρτος, Jhn.6:10; χρόνος, Mat.25:19; γογγυσμός, Jhn.7:12; πόνος, Col.4:13; δόξα, Mat.24:30; σιγή, Act.21:40; pl., προφῆται, Mat.13:17; ὄχλοι, Mat.4:25; δαιμόνια, Mrk.1:34; δυνάμεις, Mat.7:22,
2. As subst., pl. masc, πολλοί, many (persons): Mat.7:22, Mrk.2:2, al.; with genitive partit., Mat.3:7, Luk.1:16, al.; before ἐκ, Jhn.7:31, Act.17:12; with art., οἱ π., the many, Mat.24:12, Rom.12:5, 1Co.10:17, 33 2Co.2:17; opposite to ὁ εἶς (Lft., Notes, 291), Rom.5:15, 19; neut. pl., πολλά: Mat.13:3, Mrk.5:26, al.; accusative with adverbial force, Mrk.1:45, Rom.16:6 (Deiss., LAE, 317), 1Co.16:12, Jas.3:2, al.; neut. sing., πολύ: Luk.12:48; adverbially, Mrk.12:27, al.; πολλοῦ (genitive pret.), Mat.26:9; with compar. (Bl., §44, 5), π. σπουδαιότερον, 2Co.8:22; πολλῷ πλείους, Jhn.4:41.
Compar., πλείων
, neut., πλεῖον and πλέον (see WH, App., 151), pl., πλείονες, -ας, -α, contr., πλείους, -ω (cf. Mayser, 69), more, greater;
1. as adj.: Jhn.15:2, Act.18:2o, Heb.3:3; before παρά, Heb.11:4 (cf. Westc, in l. Was ΠΛΙΟΝΑ here a primitive error for ΗΔΙΟΝΑ ?); pi., Act.13:31, al.; with genitive compar., Mat.21:36; with num. (ἤ of comp. omitted), Act.4:22 24:11, al.
2. As subst., οἱ π., the greater number: Act.10:32 27:12, 1Co.10:5 15:6; also (Bl., §44, 3) others, more, the more: 2Co.2:6 4:15, Php.1:14; πλείονα, Luk.11:53; πλειον, πλέον, Mat.20:10, 2Ti.3:9; with genitive comp., Mk 12:43, Luk.21:3; π. Ἰωνᾶ ὧδε, Mat.12:41; adverbially, Act.4:17 20:9 24:4.
3. As adv., πλεῖον: before ἤ, Luk.9:13; with genitive comp., Mat.5:20; πλείω: with num., Mat.26:53.
Superl., πλεῖστος, -η, -ον
, __(a) prop., most: Mat.11:20 21:8; adverbially, τὸ π., 1Co.14:27;
__(b) elative (M, Pr., 79), very great: ὄχλος π., Mrk.4:1.
(AS)
[in LXX chiefly for רַב and cognate forms;]
1. as adj., much, many, great, of number, space, degree, value, time, etc.: ἀριθμός, Act.11:21; ὄχλος, Mrk.5:24; θερισμός, Mat.9:37; χόρτος, Jhn.6:10; χρόνος, Mat.25:19; γογγυσμός, Jhn.7:12; πόνος, Col.4:13; δόξα, Mat.24:30; σιγή, Act.21:40; pl., προφῆται, Mat.13:17; ὄχλοι, Mat.4:25; δαιμόνια, Mrk.1:34; δυνάμεις, Mat.7:22,
2. As subst., pl. masc, πολλοί, many (persons): Mat.7:22, Mrk.2:2, al.; with genitive partit., Mat.3:7, Luk.1:16, al.; before ἐκ, Jhn.7:31, Act.17:12; with art., οἱ π., the many, Mat.24:12, Rom.12:5, 1Co.10:17, 33 2Co.2:17; opposite to ὁ εἶς (Lft., Notes, 291), Rom.5:15, 19; neut. pl., πολλά: Mat.13:3, Mrk.5:26, al.; accusative with adverbial force, Mrk.1:45, Rom.16:6 (Deiss., LAE, 317), 1Co.16:12, Jas.3:2, al.; neut. sing., πολύ: Luk.12:48; adverbially, Mrk.12:27, al.; πολλοῦ (genitive pret.), Mat.26:9; with compar. (Bl., §44, 5), π. σπουδαιότερον, 2Co.8:22; πολλῷ πλείους, Jhn.4:41.
Compar., πλείων
, neut., πλεῖον and πλέον (see WH, App., 151), pl., πλείονες, -ας, -α, contr., πλείους, -ω (cf. Mayser, 69), more, greater;
1. as adj.: Jhn.15:2, Act.18:2o, Heb.3:3; before παρά, Heb.11:4 (cf. Westc, in l. Was ΠΛΙΟΝΑ here a primitive error for ΗΔΙΟΝΑ ?); pi., Act.13:31, al.; with genitive compar., Mat.21:36; with num. (ἤ of comp. omitted), Act.4:22 24:11, al.
2. As subst., οἱ π., the greater number: Act.10:32 27:12, 1Co.10:5 15:6; also (Bl., §44, 3) others, more, the more: 2Co.2:6 4:15, Php.1:14; πλείονα, Luk.11:53; πλειον, πλέον, Mat.20:10, 2Ti.3:9; with genitive comp., Mk 12:43, Luk.21:3; π. Ἰωνᾶ ὧδε, Mat.12:41; adverbially, Act.4:17 20:9 24:4.
3. As adv., πλεῖον: before ἤ, Luk.9:13; with genitive comp., Mat.5:20; πλείω: with num., Mat.26:53.
Superl., πλεῖστος, -η, -ον
, __(a) prop., most: Mat.11:20 21:8; adverbially, τὸ π., 1Co.14:27;
__(b) elative (M, Pr., 79), very great: ὄχλος π., Mrk.4:1.
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G4183 appears in 331 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- many174
- much71
- great58
- thing22
- greatly4
- long4
- be2
- straitly2
- unto2
- abundant1
- altogether1
- being1
First verses
- Matthew 2:18In Rama was there a voice heard, lamentation, and weeping, and great mourning, Rachel weeping for her children, and would not be comforted, because they are not.
- Matthew 3:7But when he saw many of the Pharisees and Sadducees come to his baptism, he said unto them, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?
- Matthew 4:25And there followed him great multitudes of people from Galilee, and from Decapolis, and from Jerusalem, and from Judea, and from beyond Jordan.
- Matthew 5:12Rejoice, and be exceeding glad: for great is your reward in heaven: for so persecuted they the prophets which were before you.
- Matthew 6:30Wherefore, if God so clothe the grass of the field, which to day is, and to morrow is cast into the oven, shall he not much more clothe you, O ye of little faith?
- Matthew 7:13Enter ye in at the strait gate: for wide is the gate, and broad is the way, that leadeth to destruction, and many there be which go in thereat:
- Matthew 7:22Many will say to me in that day, Lord, Lord, have we not prophesied in thy name? and in thy name have cast out devils? and in thy name done many wonderful works?
- Matthew 8:1When he was come down from the mountain, great multitudes followed him.
- Matthew 8:11And I say unto you, That many shall come from the east and west, and shall sit down with Abraham, and Isaac, and Jacob, in the kingdom of heaven.
- Matthew 8:16When the even was come, they brought unto him many that were possessed with devils: and he cast out the spirits with his word, and healed all that were sick:
- Matthew 8:18Now when Jesus saw great multitudes about him, he gave commandment to depart unto the other side.
- Matthew 8:30And there was a good way off from them an herd of many swine feeding.
- Matthew 9:10And it came to pass, as Jesus sat at meat in the house, behold, many publicans and sinners came and sat down with him and his disciples.
- Matthew 9:14Then came to him the disciples of John, saying, Why do we and the Pharisees fast oft, but thy disciples fast not?
- Matthew 9:37Then saith he unto his disciples, The harvest truly is plenteous, but the labourers are few;
- Matthew 10:31Fear ye not therefore, ye are of more value than many sparrows.
- Matthew 12:15But when Jesus knew it, he withdrew himself from thence: and great multitudes followed him, and he healed them all;
- Matthew 13:2And great multitudes were gathered together unto him, so that he went into a ship, and sat; and the whole multitude stood on the shore.
- Matthew 13:3And he spake many things unto them in parables, saying, Behold, a sower went forth to sow;
- Matthew 13:5Some fell upon stony places, where they had not much earth: and forthwith they sprung up, because they had no deepness of earth:
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
- πολύτιμοςvaluableG4186
- πολυτρόπωςin many waysG4187
- πόλιςcityG4172
- πολυποίκιλοςmanifoldG4182
- πάμπολυςgreatG3827
- πολλάκιςoftenG4178
- πολλαπλασίωνmany times moreG4179
- πολυλογίαwordinessG4180
- πλείων, πλεῖονgreaterG4119
- πλεῖστοςmostG4118
- πολυτελήςvaluableG4185
- πολύσπλαγχνοςvery compassionateG4184
- πολυμερῶςlittle by littleG4181
Detailed Greek dictionary
πολύς,
Attic dialect πολλή, πολ; genitive πολλοῦ, ῆς, ou=; dative πολλῷ, ῇ, ; accusative πολύν, πολλήν, πολύ:—Ionic dialect πολλός [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Anacreon Lyricus 43.3)], πολλή, πολλόν [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 9, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 219, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 1, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 3.19)]; also in Trag., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 86, “Tr.” 1196)]; accusative πολλόν, πολλήν, πολλόν: [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus)] uses the Ionic dialect forms, but codices have πολύν [Refs 1st c.AD+ (2.121.δ, 3.57, variant in 6.125, πολύ 2.106, 3.38, 6.72, 7.46, 160 (πολύ also in 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 114, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 244))]:—both sets of forms are found in Epic dialect, also genitive singular πολέος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.244, etc.: _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 2.417, +others)], once contraction πολεῖς [Refs (11.708; _genitive_ πολέων (_trisyllable_) 5.691, (_disyllable_) 16.655)]; dative πολέσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (10.262, +others; πολέσσι 13.452, +others; πολέεσσι 9.73, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.54, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 119, etc.)]; accusative πολέας (trisyllable) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.126, etc., (_disyllable_) 1.559, 2.4, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 580)] (frequently with variant{πολεῖς} [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.66, etc.))]; in later Epic dialect πολέες is used as feminine, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 28, also πολέας [prev. author] “Dian.” 42, 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.21; _neuter_ πολέα 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 1.74 (see. below))]:—Epic dialect also have πουλύς (once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus, “Th.” 190, also 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 509, sometimes _feminine_ in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, πουλὺν ἐφ᾽ ὑγρήν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.27, ἠέρα πουλύν 5.776), _neuter_ πουλύ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.387)]; these forms are found in codices of [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus and 2nd c.AD: Aretaeus Medicus (who uses πολύ, πουλύ and πολλόν in _neuter_), but not in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus:)] — Lyric poetry and Trag. (Lyric poetry) sometimes use Epic dialect forms, dative singular πολεῖ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 745; _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.17; _neuter_ πολέα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 723; πολέων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 1332 (_feminine_, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.100); _dative_ _plural_ πολέσι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1263. [ῠalways.])]
I of Number, many, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.417, etc.)]; ἐκ πολλῶν, opposed to ἐξὀλίγων, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 447)]; τριηκόντων ἐτέων πόλλ᾽ ἀπολείπων wanting many of thirty years, [Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Op.” 696; παρῆσάν τινες, καὶ πολλοί γε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 58d; οὐ πολλοί τινες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 510: with Nouns of multitude, πουλὺς ὅμιλος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.109; πλῆθος πολλόν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141; ἔθνος πολλόν [prev. author] 4.22)]; later πουλὺ.. ἐπ᾽ ἔτος many a year, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 6.235 (Thall.); π. ἦν ὁ καταπλέων 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.26.10)]; of anything often repeated, περὶ σέο λόγος ἀπῖκται π. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.30; πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος [prev. author] 2.2, compare 3.137, etc.; πολὺ.. τὸ σὸν ὄνομα διήκει πάντας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 305; τούτῳ πολλῷ χρήσεται τῷ λόγῳ)]often, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.29)]; τοῦτο ἐπιεικῶς πολὺ νῦν ἐστι is fairly frequent, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 15.)]
I.2 of Size, Degree, Intensity, much, mighty, ὄμβρος, νιφετός, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.6; π. ὕπνος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.394; πῦρ.. π. 10.359)]; π. ὑμέναιος a loud song, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.493)]; π. ὀρυμαγδός, ῥοῖζος, etc.,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.810, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.315, etc.)]; π. ἀνάγκη strong necessity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1674)]; π. γέλως, βοή, much or great, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 303, 1149; μωρία [prev. work] 745)]; ὄλβος, αἰδώς, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 251, “Ag.” 948; ἀσφάλεια 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.11)]; ἀλογία, εὐήθεια, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 67e, “Phdr.” 275c, etc.)]
I.2.b rarely of a single person, great, mighty, μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἐγένεο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.14, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1)]; ὁ π. σοφιστής, στρατηγός,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (Chor. p.23 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus, [prev. author]in “Rev.Phil.” 1.68; ὁ πάντα π. [prev. author] p.27 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]; ὁ πολύς alone, of Hippocrates, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 19.530)]; of Trajan, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Lydus, Joannes Laurentius Historicus “Mag.” 2.28; ῥώμην σώματος πολύς 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 2.42.)]
I.2.c joined with a Verb, Κύπρις γὰρ οὐ φορητός, ἢν πολλὴ ῥυῇ if she flow with full stream, metaphorically from a river, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 443; θρασυνομένῳ καὶ πολλῷ ῥέοντι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.136)]; from the wind, ὡς π. ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρός was blowing strong and fresh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 25.57, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 760, “Anthologia Graeca” 11.49 (5th c.BC: Evenus Elegiacus))]: generally, with might or force, ὅταν ὁ θεὸς.. ἔλθῃ πολύς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 300; ἢν π. παρῇ [prev. author] “Or.” 1200; π. καὶ τολμηρὸς ἅνθρωπος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 40.53: with)]participle and εἰμί, πολλὸς ἦν λισσόμενος was all entreaties, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.91; ἦν πολλὸς ὑπὸ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς αἰνεόμενος [prev. author] 1.98; Ἐτεοκλέης ἂν εἷς π... ὑμνοῖθ᾽ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 6; π. ἐνέκειτο λέγων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.158; π. τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν ἔγκειται 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.199; also π. ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λόγοισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.59; πρὸς ταῖς παρασκευαῖς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.49.7; ἐπὶ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.107)]: without a preposition, π. ἦν τοῖς ἐπαίνοις καὶ ἐπαχθής [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.41)]; π. μὲν γὰρ ὁ Φίλιππος ἔσται will be often mentioned, [Refs ([prev. author] 1.166.)]
I.3 of Value or Worth, πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.562, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.405; πολλοῦ ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.28, etc.; πολλῶν ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 918)]; περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τι, Latin magni facere,[Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare περί 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus IV)]; ἐπὶ πολλῷ at a high price, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.53; ἐπὶ π. ἐρραθυμηκότες [prev. author] 1.15)]; πολύ ἐστί τι it is worth much, of great conscquence, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 18.7.)]
I.4 of Space, large, wide, π. χώρη, πεδίον, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.520, 4.244, etc.)]; πόντος, πέλαγος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 635, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 635; χῶρος πλατὺς καὶ π. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.39)]; λίμνη μεγάλη τε καὶ π.[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 109; π. ἡ Σικελία 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.13; π. ἡ Ἑλλάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 78a, etc.)]; πολλὸς ἔκειτο he lay outstretched wide, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.156, compare 11.307)]; π. κέλευθος a far way, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 748 (troch.): without ὁδός, πολλὴ μὲν εἰς Ἡράκλειαν.., πολλὴ δὲ εἰς Χρυσόπολιν.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.3.16: διὰ πολλοῦ, ἐκ πολλοῦ, see infr. IV.)]
I.5 of Time, long, χρόνος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1402 (_anapaest meter_), etc.; πολὺν χρόνον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.343, etc.; οὐ π. χρ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 348, etc.; so πολλοῦ χρόνου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 98; χρόνῳ πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 228)]; διὰ πολλοῦ (i.e. χρόνου) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nec.” 15; ἐκ πολλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.58, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.41)]; πρὸ πολλοῦ long before, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.43; οὐ μετὰ πολύ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 54)]; ἔτι πολλῆς νυκτός while still quite night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.101)]; πολλῆς ὥρας late in the day, [NT+2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.8.3; ἤδη ὥρα πολλή NT.Mark.6.35; ἔτι ἔστιν ἡμέρα πολλή LXX.Gen.29.7.)]
II Special usages:
II.1 with partitive genitive, e.g. πολλοὶ Τρώων, for πολλοὶ Τρῶες, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.271, etc.)]; neuter, πολλὸν σαρκός, for πολλὴ σάρξ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.450)]: in Prose, the adjective generally takes the gender of the genitive, τὸν πολλὸν τοῦ χρόνου [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.24)]; τῆς γῆς οὐ πολλήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.7; τῆς ἀθάρης πολλήν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 694; πολλὴν τῆς χώρας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.2.2; ὁ π. τοῦ λόγου 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 44.6)]; see below 3.
II.2 joined with another adjective, πολλὰ δυστερπῆ κακά [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 277, compare 585 (Lyric poetry), etc.: more frequently joined to another)] adjective by καί, πολέες τε καὶ ἐσθλοί many men and good, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.452, etc.; πολέες τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι 21.586; πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.312)]; παλαιά τε πολλά τε[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 188; ἄκοσμά τε π. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.213; πολλαί γε.. καὶ ἄλλαι 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 363; π. τε καὶ κακά 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.167, etc.; π. κἀγαθά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 351 (but π. ἀγαθά “IG” 12.76.45); π. καὶ ἀνόσια 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 416e; π. καὶ μακάρια [prev. author] “Plt.” 269d; π. καὶ πονηρά 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.9.6; πολλά τε καὶ δεινά [prev. author] “An.” 5.5.8; μεγάλα καὶ π. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.22)]; π. καὶ καλοὺς (assuming variant) κινδύνους, π. καὶ καλὰ παραδείγματα, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.109.)]
II.3 with the Article (in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] without the Article, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.483, 5.334, 22.28), of persons or things well known, Ἑλένα μία τὰς πολλάς, τὰς πάνυ π. ψυχὰς ὀλέσασ᾽)] those many lives, [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1456 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 845, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.87, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 88a, “Ti.” 54a, NT.Act.26.24)]: with abstract Nouns, τᾶς πολλᾶς ὑγιείας [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1001 (Lyric poetry, uncertain); τὸ πολλόν)]numbers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136.)]
II.3.b οἱ π. the many, i.e. the greater number, Ἀθηναῖοι.. ἀπῆλθον οἱ πολλοί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.126, compare 3.32, etc. (so in _sing._, ὁ πολλὸς λόγος)] the prevailing report, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.75); τοῖς π. κριταῖς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1243: with _genitive_, τοῖς π. βροτῶν [prev. work] 682; οἱ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.2.24; οἱ πολλοὶ ἅπαντες)]far the most, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20 (variant{μάλιστα} for ἅπαντες); for τὰ πολλὰ πάντα, see below 111.1a: hence οἱ πολλοί)] the people, the commonalty, opposed to οἱ μείζω κεκτημένοι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.6)]; opposed to οἱ κομψότεροι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 505b)]; οἱ π., = Latin plebs, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 20.36)]; τῶν πολλῶν εἷς one of the multitude, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.96; also ὁ π. λεώς 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 53, compare “Rh.Pr.” 17; ὁ π. ὅμιλος [prev. author] “Luct.” 2. 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 1.1.1, etc.; ὁ π. δῆμος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Apol.” 15; ὁ π. ὄχλος 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.4)]; ὁ π. alone, = vulgus, variant in [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.29)]; the ordinary man, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 478, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 2.154S.; νίμμα ὁ π. λέγει, ἡμεῖς ἀπόνιπτρον λέγομεν 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 170, compare369)]; ὁ ἐμπαθὴς καὶ π. ἄνθρωπος 'l'homme moyen sensuel', [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD: Hermias Alexandrinus Philosophus “in Platonis Phaedrum scholia” p.146A.)]; ὁ π. ἄνθρωπος (with plural Verb) the average man, opposed to τὸ ἐξαίρετον, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.AD: Eunapius Historicus “Fragmenta Historica - HGM” p.216 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator)]
II.3.c τὸ πολύ, with genitive, τῆς στρατιῆς τὸ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.100; τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20; τῶν λογάδων τὸ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.73; τῶν ὅπλων τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 288b; also ὁ στρατὸς ὁ πολλός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.102; ἡ δύναμις ἡ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.24)]; ὁ π. βίοτος the best part of life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 185 (Lyric poetry).)]
II.3.d τὰ πολλά the most, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.273, and perhaps 2.58, 17.537 (elsewhere in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus πολλά,)] as substantive, means much riches, great possessions, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.684, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.195); τὰ π. τοῦ πολέμου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13)]; πρὸς τὸ τῶν π. μέγεθος in regard to the size of the average, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1363b11.)]
II.4 plural πολλά very much, too much, πολλὰ πράσσειν, ={πολυπραγμονεῖν}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 576, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 228; π. ἔπαθεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.63, etc.)]; π. ἔρξαι τινά to do one much harm, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 923 (Lyric poetry).)]
II.5 πολλάς with Verbs of beating (πληγάς being omitted), see at {πληγή} [Refs (1.)]
II.6 πολύς repeated, ἦ πολλὰ πολλοῖς εἰμι διάφορος βροτῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 579, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 451; τὰ μὲν οὖν πολλὰ πολλοῦ χρόνου διηγήσασθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 615a, etc.; πολλοῦ πολύς, see below 111.1b: with _adverbs_ πολλάκις, πολλαχῇ, etc. (which see, compare 111.1 e).)]
III Adverbial usages:
III.a neuter πολύ (Ionic dialect πολλόν), πολλά, much, πόλλ᾽ ἀεκαζομένη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.458, etc.; strengthened, μάλα πολλά 8.22, +others; πάνυ πολύ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.119c; πολύ τι [prev. author] “R.” 484d)]; especially of repetition, often, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.798, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.29, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 322)]; so of earnest commands and entreaties, πολλὰ κελεύων, πόλλ᾽ ἐπέτελλον, πολλὰ λισσομένη, πολλὰ μάλ᾽ εὐχομένω, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.528, 11.782, 5.358, 9.183)]: with the Article, τὸ πολύ for the most part, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 315a, etc.)] (but with numerals, at most, Vett.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (Val. 9.5); ὡς τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.10, etc.; τὰ πολλά 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.13, 2.11, 87, etc.; ὡς τὰ π. [prev. author] 5.65, etc.; τὰ π. πάντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.203, 2.35, 5.67.)]
III.b of Degree, far, very much, ἀπέφυγε πολλὸν τοὺς διώκοντας [Refs ([prev. author] 6.82: also _absolutely_ _genitive_ πολλοῦ)] very, θρασὺς εἶ πολλοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 915, compare 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 74; πολλοῦ δύνασθαι 4th c.AD: Alciphro Epistolographus 1.9 (assuming variant))]; πολλοῦ πολύς, πολλὴ πολλοῦ, much too much, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 822, “Ra.” 1046.)]
III.c of Space, a great way, far, οὐ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.104; πολὺ οὐκ ἐξῄεσαν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.15, etc.)]
III.d of Time, long, ὡς πολλὸν τοῦτο ἐγίνετο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.126, compare 6.129.)]
III.e of Probability, ἐὰν πολλὰ πολλῶν τέκῃς, perhaps ={ἐὰν πολλάκις τέκῃς},[Refs 1st c.BC+ (“POxy.” 744.9 1st c.BC-1st c.AD)]; ἐάν τι πολλὰ πολλάκις πάθω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 1105.)]
III.2 πολύ is frequently joined with adjectives and adverbs,
III.2.a with a comparative to increase its comparative force, πολὺ μεῖζον, πολλὸν παυρότεροι, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.167, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.17)]; πολὺ μᾶλλον much more, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.700)]; πολύ τι μᾶλλον falsa lectio in [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 4 (p.22 U.-R.): with words, esp. Preps., between πολύ and its)] adjective, π. ἐν πλέονι, π. ἐπὶ δεινοτέρῳ,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.35, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 589e; πολὺ ἔτι ἐκ λαμπροτέρων [prev. author] “Phd.” 110c; π. σὺν φρονήματι μείζονι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.22, compare 3.2.30, “Smp.” 1.4 (but the _preposition_ frequently comes first, ἐκ π. ἐλάττονος 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.109, etc.))]; so πολλῷ is frequently used with the comparative, by far, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 337, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.134, etc.; π. μᾶλλον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1159, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 80e)]; οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἀσθενέστερον not a great deal weaker, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.181, compare 2.48, 67, etc.: πολύ with all words implying comparison, πολὺ πρίν)] much sooner, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.250; π. πρό 4.373)]: with the comp. Verb φθάνω, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (13.815; so πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων, πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων, 6.125, 11.217; προὔλαβε πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.80: with βούλομαι,)] = prefer, ἡμῖν πολὺ βούλεται ἢ Δαναοῖσι νίκην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.331, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.404)]; πολύ γε in answers, after a comparative or superlative, ἀργὸς.. γενήσεται μᾶλλο; Answ. πολύ γε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 421d, compare 387e, etc.)]
III.2.b with a superlative, πολὺ πρώτιστος, πολλὸν ἄριστος, far the first, etc., [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.702, 1.91, etc.; προθυμία π. τολμηροτάτη 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.74, etc.; πολλόν τι μάλιστα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.56; π. δή, π. δὴ γυναῖκ᾽ ἀρίσταν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 442 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 539, 4th c.BC: Archestratus Epicus “fragment” 34.9; also πολλῷ πλεῖστοι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.92.έ, 8.42; π. μεγίστους [prev. author] 4.82.)]
III.2.c with a Positive, to add force to the adjective, ὦ πολλὰ μὲν τάλαινα, πολλὰ δ᾽ αὖ σοφή [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1295; also ἐς πόλλ᾽ ἀθλία πέφυκ᾽ ἐγώ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 619 (troch.); πολὺ ἀφόρητος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMeretr.” 9.3)]; compare πλεῖστος.
IV with Preps.,
IV.1 διὰ πολλοῦ at a great interval of Space or Time, see at {διά} [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.5, 11.2.)]
IV.2 εἰς πολύ for a long time, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 2.1.3.)]
IV.3 ἐκ πολλοῦ from a great distance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.32, etc.)]; for a long time, see at {ἐκ} [Refs (II.1.)]
IV.4 ἐπὶ πολύ,
IV.4.a over a great space, far, οὐκ ἐπὶ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32)]; ἐπὶ π. τῆς θαλάσσης, τῆς χώρας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.50, 4.3, etc.)]; to a great extent, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.6, 18, 3.83; compare ποιέω 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2.)]
IV.4.b for a long time, long, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.16; τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπὶ π. [prev. author] 7.38, compare 39.)]
IV.4.c ὡς ἐπὶ π. very generally,[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.12 (variant), 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.1.195;)] ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. for the most part, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 294e, etc.; μὴ καθ᾽ ἓν ἕκαστον, ἀλλ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.154; τό γ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. [prev. author] 8.35.)]
IV.5 παρὰ πολύ by far, see at {παρά} C.111.5.
IV.6 περὶ πολλοῦ, see above [Refs (1.3.)]
IV.7 πρὸ πολλοῦ far before, τῆς πόλεως [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.35)]; also of Time, οὐ πρὸ π. not long before, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.62.)]
IV.8 σὺν πολλῷ in no small degree, only too much or too well, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 2.8, 9.20, 10.9 (compare “CR” 41.53).)]
V for comparative πλείων, πλέων, superlative πλεῖστος, (see entry). (Cf. Sanskrit purú-, Gothic filu 'much'.)
Attic dialect πολλή, πολ; genitive πολλοῦ, ῆς, ou=; dative πολλῷ, ῇ, ; accusative πολύν, πολλήν, πολύ:—Ionic dialect πολλός [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Anacreon Lyricus 43.3)], πολλή, πολλόν [Refs 6th c.BC+ (6th c.BC: Xenophanes Poeta Philosophus 9, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 219, 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ ἀρχαίης ἰητρικῇς” 1, 3rd c.BC: Herodas Mimographus 3.19)]; also in Trag., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 86, “Tr.” 1196)]; accusative πολλόν, πολλήν, πολλόν: [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus)] uses the Ionic dialect forms, but codices have πολύν [Refs 1st c.AD+ (2.121.δ, 3.57, variant in 6.125, πολύ 2.106, 3.38, 6.72, 7.46, 160 (πολύ also in 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 114, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 244))]:—both sets of forms are found in Epic dialect, also genitive singular πολέος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.244, etc.: _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 2.417, +others)], once contraction πολεῖς [Refs (11.708; _genitive_ πολέων (_trisyllable_) 5.691, (_disyllable_) 16.655)]; dative πολέσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (10.262, +others; πολέσσι 13.452, +others; πολέεσσι 9.73, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.54, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 119, etc.)]; accusative πολέας (trisyllable) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 3.126, etc., (_disyllable_) 1.559, 2.4, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 580)] (frequently with variant{πολεῖς} [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.66, etc.))]; in later Epic dialect πολέες is used as feminine, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 28, also πολέας [prev. author] “Dian.” 42, 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 3.21; _neuter_ πολέα 4th c.AD(?): Quintus Smyrnaeus Epicus 1.74 (see. below))]:—Epic dialect also have πουλύς (once in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus, “Th.” 190, also 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 509, sometimes _feminine_ in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus, πουλὺν ἐφ᾽ ὑγρήν 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.27, ἠέρα πουλύν 5.776), _neuter_ πουλύ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.387)]; these forms are found in codices of [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus and 2nd c.AD: Aretaeus Medicus (who uses πολύ, πουλύ and πολλόν in _neuter_), but not in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus:)] — Lyric poetry and Trag. (Lyric poetry) sometimes use Epic dialect forms, dative singular πολεῖ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 745; _nominative_ _plural_ πολέες 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 10.17; _neuter_ πολέα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 723; πολέων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 1332 (_feminine_, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 5.100); _dative_ _plural_ πολέσι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 1263. [ῠalways.])]
I of Number, many, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.417, etc.)]; ἐκ πολλῶν, opposed to ἐξὀλίγων, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 447)]; τριηκόντων ἐτέων πόλλ᾽ ἀπολείπων wanting many of thirty years, [Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Op.” 696; παρῆσάν τινες, καὶ πολλοί γε 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 58d; οὐ πολλοί τινες 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 510: with Nouns of multitude, πουλὺς ὅμιλος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.109; πλῆθος πολλόν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141; ἔθνος πολλόν [prev. author] 4.22)]; later πουλὺ.. ἐπ᾽ ἔτος many a year, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 6.235 (Thall.); π. ἦν ὁ καταπλέων 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 15.26.10)]; of anything often repeated, περὶ σέο λόγος ἀπῖκται π. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.30; πολλὸν ἦν τοῦτο τὸ ἔπος [prev. author] 2.2, compare 3.137, etc.; πολὺ.. τὸ σὸν ὄνομα διήκει πάντας 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 305; τούτῳ πολλῷ χρήσεται τῷ λόγῳ)]often, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.29)]; τοῦτο ἐπιεικῶς πολὺ νῦν ἐστι is fairly frequent, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Hist.Conscr.” 15.)]
I.2 of Size, Degree, Intensity, much, mighty, ὄμβρος, νιφετός, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.6; π. ὕπνος 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.394; πῦρ.. π. 10.359)]; π. ὑμέναιος a loud song, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.493)]; π. ὀρυμαγδός, ῥοῖζος, etc.,[Refs 8th c.BC+ (2.810, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.315, etc.)]; π. ἀνάγκη strong necessity, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 1674)]; π. γέλως, βοή, much or great, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 303, 1149; μωρία [prev. work] 745)]; ὄλβος, αἰδώς, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 251, “Ag.” 948; ἀσφάλεια 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.11)]; ἀλογία, εὐήθεια, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 67e, “Phdr.” 275c, etc.)]
I.2.b rarely of a single person, great, mighty, μέγας καὶ πολλὸς ἐγένεο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.14, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 1)]; ὁ π. σοφιστής, στρατηγός,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (Chor. p.23 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus, [prev. author]in “Rev.Phil.” 1.68; ὁ πάντα π. [prev. author] p.27 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus)]; ὁ πολύς alone, of Hippocrates, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 19.530)]; of Trajan, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (6th c.AD: Lydus, Joannes Laurentius Historicus “Mag.” 2.28; ῥώμην σώματος πολύς 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 2.42.)]
I.2.c joined with a Verb, Κύπρις γὰρ οὐ φορητός, ἢν πολλὴ ῥυῇ if she flow with full stream, metaphorically from a river, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 443; θρασυνομένῳ καὶ πολλῷ ῥέοντι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.136)]; from the wind, ὡς π. ἔπνει καὶ λαμπρός was blowing strong and fresh, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 25.57, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 760, “Anthologia Graeca” 11.49 (5th c.BC: Evenus Elegiacus))]: generally, with might or force, ὅταν ὁ θεὸς.. ἔλθῃ πολύς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Bacchae” 300; ἢν π. παρῇ [prev. author] “Or.” 1200; π. καὶ τολμηρὸς ἅνθρωπος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 40.53: with)]participle and εἰμί, πολλὸς ἦν λισσόμενος was all entreaties, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.91; ἦν πολλὸς ὑπὸ παντὸς ἀνδρὸς αἰνεόμενος [prev. author] 1.98; Ἐτεοκλέης ἂν εἷς π... ὑμνοῖθ᾽ 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 6; π. ἐνέκειτο λέγων 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.158; π. τοῖς συμβεβηκόσιν ἔγκειται 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.199; also π. ἦν ἐν τοῖσι λόγοισι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.59; πρὸς ταῖς παρασκευαῖς 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.49.7; ἐπὶ τῇ τιμωρίᾳ 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.107)]: without a preposition, π. ἦν τοῖς ἐπαίνοις καὶ ἐπαχθής [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.41)]; π. μὲν γὰρ ὁ Φίλιππος ἔσται will be often mentioned, [Refs ([prev. author] 1.166.)]
I.3 of Value or Worth, πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιος ἔσται [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.562, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.405; πολλοῦ ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.1.28, etc.; πολλῶν ἄξιος 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Pax” 918)]; περὶ πολλοῦ ποιεῖσθαί τι, Latin magni facere,[Refs 4th c.BC+ (compare περί 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus IV)]; ἐπὶ πολλῷ at a high price, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.53; ἐπὶ π. ἐρραθυμηκότες [prev. author] 1.15)]; πολύ ἐστί τι it is worth much, of great conscquence, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 18.7.)]
I.4 of Space, large, wide, π. χώρη, πεδίον, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.520, 4.244, etc.)]; πόντος, πέλαγος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 635, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 635; χῶρος πλατὺς καὶ π. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.39)]; λίμνη μεγάλη τε καὶ π.[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 109; π. ἡ Σικελία 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.13; π. ἡ Ἑλλάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 78a, etc.)]; πολλὸς ἔκειτο he lay outstretched wide, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.156, compare 11.307)]; π. κέλευθος a far way, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 748 (troch.): without ὁδός, πολλὴ μὲν εἰς Ἡράκλειαν.., πολλὴ δὲ εἰς Χρυσόπολιν.. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.3.16: διὰ πολλοῦ, ἐκ πολλοῦ, see infr. IV.)]
I.5 of Time, long, χρόνος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1402 (_anapaest meter_), etc.; πολὺν χρόνον 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.343, etc.; οὐ π. χρ. 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 348, etc.; so πολλοῦ χρόνου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 98; χρόνῳ πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 228)]; διὰ πολλοῦ (i.e. χρόνου) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Nec.” 15; ἐκ πολλοῦ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.58, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.41)]; πρὸ πολλοῦ long before, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 14.43; οὐ μετὰ πολύ 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Tox.” 54)]; ἔτι πολλῆς νυκτός while still quite night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 8.101)]; πολλῆς ὥρας late in the day, [NT+2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 5.8.3; ἤδη ὥρα πολλή NT.Mark.6.35; ἔτι ἔστιν ἡμέρα πολλή LXX.Gen.29.7.)]
II Special usages:
II.1 with partitive genitive, e.g. πολλοὶ Τρώων, for πολλοὶ Τρῶες, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 18.271, etc.)]; neuter, πολλὸν σαρκός, for πολλὴ σάρξ, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.450)]: in Prose, the adjective generally takes the gender of the genitive, τὸν πολλὸν τοῦ χρόνου [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.24)]; τῆς γῆς οὐ πολλήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.7; τῆς ἀθάρης πολλήν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 694; πολλὴν τῆς χώρας 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 3.2.2; ὁ π. τοῦ λόγου 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 44.6)]; see below 3.
II.2 joined with another adjective, πολλὰ δυστερπῆ κακά [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 277, compare 585 (Lyric poetry), etc.: more frequently joined to another)] adjective by καί, πολέες τε καὶ ἐσθλοί many men and good, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.452, etc.; πολέες τε καὶ ἄλκιμοι 21.586; πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 2.312)]; παλαιά τε πολλά τε[Refs 8th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 188; ἄκοσμά τε π. τε 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.213; πολλαί γε.. καὶ ἄλλαι 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Theogonia” 363; π. τε καὶ κακά 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.167, etc.; π. κἀγαθά 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Thesmophoriazusae” 351 (but π. ἀγαθά “IG” 12.76.45); π. καὶ ἀνόσια 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 416e; π. καὶ μακάρια [prev. author] “Plt.” 269d; π. καὶ πονηρά 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.9.6; πολλά τε καὶ δεινά [prev. author] “An.” 5.5.8; μεγάλα καὶ π. 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 36.22)]; π. καὶ καλοὺς (assuming variant) κινδύνους, π. καὶ καλὰ παραδείγματα, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.109.)]
II.3 with the Article (in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] without the Article, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.483, 5.334, 22.28), of persons or things well known, Ἑλένα μία τὰς πολλάς, τὰς πάνυ π. ψυχὰς ὀλέσασ᾽)] those many lives, [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1456 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 845, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.87, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 88a, “Ti.” 54a, NT.Act.26.24)]: with abstract Nouns, τᾶς πολλᾶς ὑγιείας [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1001 (Lyric poetry, uncertain); τὸ πολλόν)]numbers, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.136.)]
II.3.b οἱ π. the many, i.e. the greater number, Ἀθηναῖοι.. ἀπῆλθον οἱ πολλοί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.126, compare 3.32, etc. (so in _sing._, ὁ πολλὸς λόγος)] the prevailing report, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.75); τοῖς π. κριταῖς 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 1243: with _genitive_, τοῖς π. βροτῶν [prev. work] 682; οἱ π. τῶν ἀνθρώπων 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.2.24; οἱ πολλοὶ ἅπαντες)]far the most, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20 (variant{μάλιστα} for ἅπαντες); for τὰ πολλὰ πάντα, see below 111.1a: hence οἱ πολλοί)] the people, the commonalty, opposed to οἱ μείζω κεκτημένοι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.6)]; opposed to οἱ κομψότεροι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 505b)]; οἱ π., = Latin plebs, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 20.36)]; τῶν πολλῶν εἷς one of the multitude, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.96; also ὁ π. λεώς 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “JTr.” 53, compare “Rh.Pr.” 17; ὁ π. ὅμιλος [prev. author] “Luct.” 2. 2nd c.AD: Herodianus Grammaticus 1.1.1, etc.; ὁ π. δῆμος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Apol.” 15; ὁ π. ὄχλος 1st c.AD: Philo Judaeus 2.4)]; ὁ π. alone, = vulgus, variant in [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 2.29)]; the ordinary man, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 478, 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 2.154S.; νίμμα ὁ π. λέγει, ἡμεῖς ἀπόνιπτρον λέγομεν 2nd c.AD: Phrynichus Atticista 170, compare369)]; ὁ ἐμπαθὴς καὶ π. ἄνθρωπος 'l'homme moyen sensuel', [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th c.AD: Hermias Alexandrinus Philosophus “in Platonis Phaedrum scholia” p.146A.)]; ὁ π. ἄνθρωπος (with plural Verb) the average man, opposed to τὸ ἐξαίρετον, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.AD: Eunapius Historicus “Fragmenta Historica - HGM” p.216 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator)]
II.3.c τὸ πολύ, with genitive, τῆς στρατιῆς τὸ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.100; τὸ π. τοῦ χρόνου 5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “Aër.” 20; τῶν λογάδων τὸ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.73; τῶν ὅπλων τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 288b; also ὁ στρατὸς ὁ πολλός 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.102; ἡ δύναμις ἡ π. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.24)]; ὁ π. βίοτος the best part of life, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 185 (Lyric poetry).)]
II.3.d τὰ πολλά the most, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.273, and perhaps 2.58, 17.537 (elsewhere in 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus πολλά,)] as substantive, means much riches, great possessions, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.684, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 19.195); τὰ π. τοῦ πολέμου 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13)]; πρὸς τὸ τῶν π. μέγεθος in regard to the size of the average, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1363b11.)]
II.4 plural πολλά very much, too much, πολλὰ πράσσειν, ={πολυπραγμονεῖν}, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 576, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 228; π. ἔπαθεν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 13.63, etc.)]; π. ἔρξαι τινά to do one much harm, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 923 (Lyric poetry).)]
II.5 πολλάς with Verbs of beating (πληγάς being omitted), see at {πληγή} [Refs (1.)]
II.6 πολύς repeated, ἦ πολλὰ πολλοῖς εἰμι διάφορος βροτῶν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 579, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 451; τὰ μὲν οὖν πολλὰ πολλοῦ χρόνου διηγήσασθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 615a, etc.; πολλοῦ πολύς, see below 111.1b: with _adverbs_ πολλάκις, πολλαχῇ, etc. (which see, compare 111.1 e).)]
III Adverbial usages:
III.a neuter πολύ (Ionic dialect πολλόν), πολλά, much, πόλλ᾽ ἀεκαζομένη [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.458, etc.; strengthened, μάλα πολλά 8.22, +others; πάνυ πολύ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus Alcaeus1.119c; πολύ τι [prev. author] “R.” 484d)]; especially of repetition, often, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.798, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 13.29, 8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 322)]; so of earnest commands and entreaties, πολλὰ κελεύων, πόλλ᾽ ἐπέτελλον, πολλὰ λισσομένη, πολλὰ μάλ᾽ εὐχομένω, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 5.528, 11.782, 5.358, 9.183)]: with the Article, τὸ πολύ for the most part, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Protagoras” 315a, etc.)] (but with numerals, at most, Vett.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (Val. 9.5); ὡς τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.1.10, etc.; τὰ πολλά 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.13, 2.11, 87, etc.; ὡς τὰ π. [prev. author] 5.65, etc.; τὰ π. πάντα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.203, 2.35, 5.67.)]
III.b of Degree, far, very much, ἀπέφυγε πολλὸν τοὺς διώκοντας [Refs ([prev. author] 6.82: also _absolutely_ _genitive_ πολλοῦ)] very, θρασὺς εἶ πολλοῦ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 915, compare 5th c.BC: Eupolis Comicus 74; πολλοῦ δύνασθαι 4th c.AD: Alciphro Epistolographus 1.9 (assuming variant))]; πολλοῦ πολύς, πολλὴ πολλοῦ, much too much, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 822, “Ra.” 1046.)]
III.c of Space, a great way, far, οὐ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.104; πολὺ οὐκ ἐξῄεσαν 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.15, etc.)]
III.d of Time, long, ὡς πολλὸν τοῦτο ἐγίνετο [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.126, compare 6.129.)]
III.e of Probability, ἐὰν πολλὰ πολλῶν τέκῃς, perhaps ={ἐὰν πολλάκις τέκῃς},[Refs 1st c.BC+ (“POxy.” 744.9 1st c.BC-1st c.AD)]; ἐάν τι πολλὰ πολλάκις πάθω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 1105.)]
III.2 πολύ is frequently joined with adjectives and adverbs,
III.2.a with a comparative to increase its comparative force, πολὺ μεῖζον, πολλὸν παυρότεροι, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 1.167, 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.17)]; πολὺ μᾶλλον much more, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.700)]; πολύ τι μᾶλλον falsa lectio in [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Compositione Verborum” 4 (p.22 U.-R.): with words, esp. Preps., between πολύ and its)] adjective, π. ἐν πλέονι, π. ἐπὶ δεινοτέρῳ,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.35, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 589e; πολὺ ἔτι ἐκ λαμπροτέρων [prev. author] “Phd.” 110c; π. σὺν φρονήματι μείζονι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 3.1.22, compare 3.2.30, “Smp.” 1.4 (but the _preposition_ frequently comes first, ἐκ π. ἐλάττονος 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.109, etc.))]; so πολλῷ is frequently used with the comparative, by far, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 337, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.134, etc.; π. μᾶλλον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 1159, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 80e)]; οὐ πολλῷ τεῳ ἀσθενέστερον not a great deal weaker, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.181, compare 2.48, 67, etc.: πολύ with all words implying comparison, πολὺ πρίν)] much sooner, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.250; π. πρό 4.373)]: with the comp. Verb φθάνω, ἦ κε πολὺ φθαίη [Refs 5th c.BC+ (13.815; so πολὺ προβέβηκας ἁπάντων, πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων, 6.125, 11.217; προὔλαβε πολλῷ 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.80: with βούλομαι,)] = prefer, ἡμῖν πολὺ βούλεται ἢ Δαναοῖσι νίκην [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 17.331, compare 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.404)]; πολύ γε in answers, after a comparative or superlative, ἀργὸς.. γενήσεται μᾶλλο; Answ. πολύ γε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 421d, compare 387e, etc.)]
III.2.b with a superlative, πολὺ πρώτιστος, πολλὸν ἄριστος, far the first, etc., [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.702, 1.91, etc.; προθυμία π. τολμηροτάτη 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.74, etc.; πολλόν τι μάλιστα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.56; π. δή, π. δὴ γυναῖκ᾽ ἀρίσταν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 442 (Lyric poetry), compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 539, 4th c.BC: Archestratus Epicus “fragment” 34.9; also πολλῷ πλεῖστοι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.92.έ, 8.42; π. μεγίστους [prev. author] 4.82.)]
III.2.c with a Positive, to add force to the adjective, ὦ πολλὰ μὲν τάλαινα, πολλὰ δ᾽ αὖ σοφή [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 1295; also ἐς πόλλ᾽ ἀθλία πέφυκ᾽ ἐγώ 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 619 (troch.); πολὺ ἀφόρητος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMeretr.” 9.3)]; compare πλεῖστος.
IV with Preps.,
IV.1 διὰ πολλοῦ at a great interval of Space or Time, see at {διά} [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.5, 11.2.)]
IV.2 εἰς πολύ for a long time, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 2.1.3.)]
IV.3 ἐκ πολλοῦ from a great distance, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.32, etc.)]; for a long time, see at {ἐκ} [Refs (II.1.)]
IV.4 ἐπὶ πολύ,
IV.4.a over a great space, far, οὐκ ἐπὶ πολλόν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.32)]; ἐπὶ π. τῆς θαλάσσης, τῆς χώρας, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.50, 4.3, etc.)]; to a great extent, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.6, 18, 3.83; compare ποιέω 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 11.2.)]
IV.4.b for a long time, long, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.16; τῆς ἡμέρας ἐπὶ π. [prev. author] 7.38, compare 39.)]
IV.4.c ὡς ἐπὶ π. very generally,[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 1.12 (variant), 4th c.BC: Archytas Tarentinus Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 3.1.195;)] ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. for the most part, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 294e, etc.; μὴ καθ᾽ ἓν ἕκαστον, ἀλλ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.154; τό γ᾽ ὡς ἐπὶ τὸ π. [prev. author] 8.35.)]
IV.5 παρὰ πολύ by far, see at {παρά} C.111.5.
IV.6 περὶ πολλοῦ, see above [Refs (1.3.)]
IV.7 πρὸ πολλοῦ far before, τῆς πόλεως [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 9.35)]; also of Time, οὐ πρὸ π. not long before, [Refs ([prev. author] 5.62.)]
IV.8 σὺν πολλῷ in no small degree, only too much or too well, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Heliodorus Scriptor Eroticus 2.8, 9.20, 10.9 (compare “CR” 41.53).)]
V for comparative πλείων, πλέων, superlative πλεῖστος, (see entry). (Cf. Sanskrit purú-, Gothic filu 'much'.)