Strong G3997πένθος
grief
- Transliteration
- penthos
- Pronunciation
- pen'-thos
- Morphology
- Greek Noun Neuter
Definition
Strengthened from the alternate of G3958; grief: - mourning sorrow.
Detailed definition
πένθος, -ους, τό
[in LXX chiefly for אֵבֶל;]
mourning: Jas.4:9, Rev.18:7-8 21:4.†
(AS)
[in LXX chiefly for אֵבֶל;]
mourning: Jas.4:9, Rev.18:7-8 21:4.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G3997 appears in 4 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- mourn2
- sorrow2
First verses
- James 4:9Be afflicted, and mourn, and weep: let your laughter be turned to mourning, and your joy to heaviness.
- Revelation 18:7How much she hath glorified herself, and lived deliciously, so much torment and sorrow give her: for she saith in her heart, I sit a queen, and am no widow, and shall see no sorrow.
- Revelation 18:8Therefore shall her plagues come in one day, death, and mourning, and famine; and she shall be utterly burned with fire: for strong is the Lord God who judgeth her.
- Revelation 21:4And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes; and there shall be no more death, neither sorrow, nor crying, neither shall there be any more pain: for the former things are passed away.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
πένθος, εος, τό,
grief, sorrow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.658, etc.)]; τινος for one, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.324, etc.; π. ἄλαστον ἔχουσα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.105; π. λαγχάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 659)]; Τρῶας λάβε π. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.548, etc.; μέγα π. Ἀχαιίδα γαῖαν ἱκάνει 1.254, etc.; πένθεϊ δ᾽ ἀτλήτῳ βεβολήατο πάντες 9.3; θυμὸς ἐτείρετο π. λυγρῷ 22.242, etc.)]
2 especially of grief for the dead, mourning, τοκεῦσι γόον καὶ π. ἔθηκας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (17.37; παιδὸς γάρ οἱ ἄλαστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶ π. ἔκειτο 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.423; Σάρδεσι π. παρασχών 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 322; δμῳαῖς προθήσειν π. οἰκεῖον στένειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1249)]; π. ποιήσασθαι make a public mourning, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.1; so π. προεθήκαντο [prev. author] 6.21; π. τίθεται [prev. author] 2.46; π. τινὸς κοινοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 426)]; ἐν πένθει [εἶναι] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 290, 847 (Lyric poetry); πολὺ π. ἦν κατὰ τὸ στράτευμα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.5.10; π. λιπεῖν “IG” 3.1311)]; π. λύεσθαι, ἀποθέσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Fabius Maximus” 18, “Alex.” 75: in _plural_, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 8(7).6, “fragment” 154, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 333 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 395e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1370b25, etc.)]
II unhappy event, misfortune, π. τινός one's illfortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.14; ἔτλαν π. οὐ φατόν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 7(6).37.)]
III of a person, a misery, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 615 (Lyric poetry))]; π. ἔδωκε φέρειν, i. e. the body, [Refs (“epigram Gr.” 228.6 (from Ephesus). (Cf. πείσομαι from *πένθ-σομαι,)]future of πάσχω, perfect πείσονθα, Lithuanian kenčiù 'suffer', pa-kantà 'patience'; πενθ- is reduced to πṇθ- (παθ-) in αἰνο-παθής, etc.)
grief, sorrow, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 11.658, etc.)]; τινος for one, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.324, etc.; π. ἄλαστον ἔχουσα 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.105; π. λαγχάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 659)]; Τρῶας λάβε π. [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.548, etc.; μέγα π. Ἀχαιίδα γαῖαν ἱκάνει 1.254, etc.; πένθεϊ δ᾽ ἀτλήτῳ βεβολήατο πάντες 9.3; θυμὸς ἐτείρετο π. λυγρῷ 22.242, etc.)]
2 especially of grief for the dead, mourning, τοκεῦσι γόον καὶ π. ἔθηκας [Refs 8th c.BC+ (17.37; παιδὸς γάρ οἱ ἄλαστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶ π. ἔκειτο 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 24.423; Σάρδεσι π. παρασχών 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Persae” 322; δμῳαῖς προθήσειν π. οἰκεῖον στένειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 1249)]; π. ποιήσασθαι make a public mourning, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.1; so π. προεθήκαντο [prev. author] 6.21; π. τίθεται [prev. author] 2.46; π. τινὸς κοινοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Alcestis” 426)]; ἐν πένθει [εἶναι] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 290, 847 (Lyric poetry); πολὺ π. ἦν κατὰ τὸ στράτευμα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.5.10; π. λιπεῖν “IG” 3.1311)]; π. λύεσθαι, ἀποθέσθαι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Fabius Maximus” 18, “Alex.” 75: in _plural_, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 8(7).6, “fragment” 154, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Choephori” 333 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 395e, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1370b25, etc.)]
II unhappy event, misfortune, π. τινός one's illfortune, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.14; ἔτλαν π. οὐ φατόν 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 7(6).37.)]
III of a person, a misery, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Ajax” 615 (Lyric poetry))]; π. ἔδωκε φέρειν, i. e. the body, [Refs (“epigram Gr.” 228.6 (from Ephesus). (Cf. πείσομαι from *πένθ-σομαι,)]future of πάσχω, perfect πείσονθα, Lithuanian kenčiù 'suffer', pa-kantà 'patience'; πενθ- is reduced to πṇθ- (παθ-) in αἰνο-παθής, etc.)