Strong G3581ξένος
foreign
- Transliteration
- xenos
- Pronunciation
- xen'-os
- Morphology
- Greek Adjective
Definition
Apparently a primary word;
foreign (literally alien or figuratively novel); by implication a guest or (vice-versa) entertainer: - host strange (-r).
foreign (literally alien or figuratively novel); by implication a guest or (vice-versa) entertainer: - host strange (-r).
Detailed definition
ξένος, -η, -ον
[in LXX chiefly for נׇכְרִי;]
__(a) foreign, alien: δαιμόνια, Act.17:18; διδαχαί Heb.13:9;
__(b) with genitive of thing(s), strange to, estranged from, ignorant of: Eph.2:12;
__(with) strange, unusual: 1Pe.4:12.
As subst., ὁ ξ.,
__(a) a foreigner, stranger: Mat.25:35, 38 25:43-44 27:7, Act.17:21, 3Jn.5; ξέίνοι κ. τάροικοι (opposite to συμπολῖται, οίκεῖοι), Eph.2:19; ξ. καὶ παρεπίδημοι, Heb.11:13;
__(b) one of the parties bound by ties of hospitality;
__α the guest;
__β the host (= ξενοδόκος, Hom., Ii, xv, 532): Rom.16:23.†
(AS)
[in LXX chiefly for נׇכְרִי;]
__(a) foreign, alien: δαιμόνια, Act.17:18; διδαχαί Heb.13:9;
__(b) with genitive of thing(s), strange to, estranged from, ignorant of: Eph.2:12;
__(with) strange, unusual: 1Pe.4:12.
As subst., ὁ ξ.,
__(a) a foreigner, stranger: Mat.25:35, 38 25:43-44 27:7, Act.17:21, 3Jn.5; ξέίνοι κ. τάροικοι (opposite to συμπολῖται, οίκεῖοι), Eph.2:19; ξ. καὶ παρεπίδημοι, Heb.11:13;
__(b) one of the parties bound by ties of hospitality;
__α the guest;
__β the host (= ξενοδόκος, Hom., Ii, xv, 532): Rom.16:23.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G3581 appears in 14 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- stranger10
- strange2
- host1
- thing1
First verses
- Matthew 25:35For I was an hungred, and ye gave me meat: I was thirsty, and ye gave me drink: I was a stranger, and ye took me in:
- Matthew 25:38When saw we thee a stranger, and took thee in? or naked, and clothed thee?
- Matthew 25:43I was a stranger, and ye took me not in: naked, and ye clothed me not: sick, and in prison, and ye visited me not.
- Matthew 25:44Then shall they also answer him, saying, Lord, when saw we thee an hungred, or athirst, or a stranger, or naked, or sick, or in prison, and did not minister unto thee?
- Matthew 27:7And they took counsel, and bought with them the potter’s field, to bury strangers in.
- Acts 17:18Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoicks, encountered him. And some said, What will this babbler say? other some, He seemeth to be a setter forth of strange gods: because he preached unto them Jesus, and the resurrection.
- Acts 17:21(For all the Athenians and strangers which were there spent their time in nothing else, but either to tell, or to hear some new thing.)
- Romans 16:23Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.
- Ephesians 2:12That at that time ye were without Christ, being aliens from the commonwealth of Israel, and strangers from the covenants of promise, having no hope, and without God in the world:
- Ephesians 2:19Now therefore ye are no more strangers and foreigners, but fellowcitizens with the saints, and of the household of God;
- Hebrews 11:13These all died in faith, not having received the promises, but having seen them afar off, and were persuaded of them, and embraced them, and confessed that they were strangers and pilgrims on the earth.
- Hebrews 13:9Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines. For it is a good thing that the heart be established with grace; not with meats, which have not profited them that have been occupied therein.
- 1 Peter 4:12Beloved, think it not strange concerning the fiery trial which is to try you, as though some strange thing happened unto you:
- 3 John 1:5Beloved, thou doest faithfully whatsoever thou doest to the brethren, and to strangers;
Occurrences by book
Related words
Detailed Greek dictionary
ξένος, ὁ,
Epic dialect and Ionic dialect ξεῖνος (also frequently in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus, “N.” 7.61, +others)], used by Trag. for the sake of meter even in trimeter, mostly in vocative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 33, +others, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 798 codices, “El.” 247))], Aeolic dialect ξέννος [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.302)]; scanned ¯ ?~X and written ξεῖνος in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 28.6, 30.17: _Aeolic dialect_ _superlative_ ξεννότατος Scholia 12th c.AD: Tzetzes, Joannes Grammaticus in “An. Ox.” 3.356.18 (sed see near the end))].
I guest-friend, applied to persons and states bound by a treaty or tie of hospitality, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.313, etc.; ξεῖνοι δὲ.. εὐχόμεθ᾽ εἶναι ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος 15.196; ξ. πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.215; ξ. δ᾽ ἀλλήλων πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθ᾽ εἶναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.187; φησὶ δ᾽ Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι 17.522; later frequently coupled with φίλος, Πλούταρχος ὁ τούτου ξένος καὶ φίλος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.110, compare 18.46, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.1.5, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.19; βασιλέως πατρικὸς ξ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 78d.)]
I.2 of parties giving or receiving hospitality, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.145, etc.)]; mostly of the guest, opposed to the host, ξεινοδόκοι καὶ ξεῖνος [Refs ([prev. work] 543)], etc.; ἁ ξείνα the visitor, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.154)]; of guests at a club, opposed to σύνδειπνοι, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PTeb.” 118.4 (2nd c.BC))]: less frequently of the host, [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.532, 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 1.208, NT.Rom.16.23, etc.: with _dative_, ξεῖνός τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.20, 22, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.10, etc.; also ξ. τινός [prev. work] 2.4.15.)]
II stranger, especially wanderer, refugee (under the protection of Ζεὺς ξένιος), sometimes coupled with ἱκέτης, Ζεὺς ἐπιτιμήτωρ ἱκετάων τε ξείνων τε ξείνιος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.270, compare 8.546; with πτωχός, πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε 6.208.)]
III generally, stranger, foreigner, opposed to ἔνδημος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 225)]; opposed to ἀστός, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.90, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 13, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.10, etc.; πολιατᾶν καὶ ξ. 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.51, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 924 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 473d, etc.)]; opposed to ἐπιχώριος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Men.” 94d: coupled with μέτοικος, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.90, compare “IG” 12.39.53)]; with ἔπηλυς, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Herm.” 24)]; opposed to a member of the family, [Refs 6th c.AD+ (“PMasp.” 169.10 (6th c.AD), etc.)]
III.b as a term of address to any stranger, ὦ ξένε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 247, 2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 1.5, etc.; ὦ ξένη 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 204c.)]
III.2 ={βάρβαρος}, at Sparta, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.11, 55.)]
IV hireling, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.102)]; especially mercenary soldier, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Inscriptiones Graecae 12.949.89, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.10, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.152, etc.; ξ. ναυβάται 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.121)]: rarely simply, ally, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.3.)]
B as adjective ξένος, η, ον (also ος, ον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 94))], Ionic dialect ξεῖνος, η, ον, foreign, not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (in the phrases ξεῖνε πάτερ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.28, ἄνθρωποι ξεῖνοι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.202, both words are _substantive_))]; frequently in later writers, ξείνα γαῖα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.118 codices; ξένης ἐπὶ χθονός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1256; γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας [prev. work] 1705 (Lyric poetry, compare ξένη))]; ἐν ξένῃσι χερσί by foreign hands, [Refs ([prev. author] “El.” 1141)]; ξ. δόμοι, πόλις, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 339 (Lyric poetry), 369, etc.)]; of alien property, ξ. ἄρουραι [Refs 6th c.AD+ (“PMasp.” 295.22 (6th c.AD).)]
B.II with genitive of things, strange to a thing, unacquainted with, ignorant of it, ξ. τοῦ λόγου [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 219, compare “Anthologia Graeca” 4.3a.37 (6th c.AD: Agathias Historicus et Epigrammaticus); ξ. τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας NT.Eph.2.12, compare “BGU” 405.12 (4th c.AD).)] adverb ξένως, ἔχω τῆς ἐνθάδε λέξεως I am a stranger to the mode of speech, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17d; ἔχειν τῆς διαλέκτου 4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 21.253c.)]
B.III strange, unusual, λόγοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 688 (Lyric poetry); τιμωρίαι 5th-4th c.BC: Timaeus Locrus Philosophus 104d; ποιεῖν ξένην τὴν διάλεκτον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1404b11, compare 1415a7; οὐδὲν ξ. ἐν τῷ παντὶ ἀποτελεῖται 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 266; τοῖς νέοις ποιεῖν ξένα τὰ φαῦλα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1336b34; ξένα ταῖς ὄψεσι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 3.15)]; ὡς ξένου συμβαίνοντος NT.1Pet.4.12 [NT (; διδαχαὶ ποικίλαι καὶ ξ. NT.Heb.13.9; ξ. δαιμόνια NT.Act.17.18)]: superlative, πράξεων ὡς -οτάτων [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Herc.” 1251.5; ξ. αὐτῷ δοκεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 13, etc.)] adverb ξένως, λαλεῖν [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus P 0.5.12.)]
B.III.2 τοῦ πνεύματος.. ῥύσις ὡς -ωτάτη air as fresh as possible, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος ἀνθρώπου” 9. (From ξένϝος,compare πρόξενϝος “IG” 9(1).867, Ξενϝάρης [prev. work]869, Ξενϝοκλῆς, Ξένϝων, [prev. work]4.315,348: hence it is improbable that the _Aeolic dialect_ form was ξέννος.))]
Epic dialect and Ionic dialect ξεῖνος (also frequently in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus, “N.” 7.61, +others)], used by Trag. for the sake of meter even in trimeter, mostly in vocative, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 33, +others, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 798 codices, “El.” 247))], Aeolic dialect ξέννος [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.302)]; scanned ¯ ?~X and written ξεῖνος in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 28.6, 30.17: _Aeolic dialect_ _superlative_ ξεννότατος Scholia 12th c.AD: Tzetzes, Joannes Grammaticus in “An. Ox.” 3.356.18 (sed see near the end))].
I guest-friend, applied to persons and states bound by a treaty or tie of hospitality, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.313, etc.; ξεῖνοι δὲ.. εὐχόμεθ᾽ εἶναι ἐκ πατέρων φιλότητος 15.196; ξ. πατρώϊός ἐσσι παλαιός 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 6.215; ξ. δ᾽ ἀλλήλων πατρώϊοι εὐχόμεθ᾽ εἶναι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.187; φησὶ δ᾽ Ὀδυσσῆος ξεῖνος πατρώϊος εἶναι 17.522; later frequently coupled with φίλος, Πλούταρχος ὁ τούτου ξένος καὶ φίλος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.110, compare 18.46, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.1.5, 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.19; βασιλέως πατρικὸς ξ. 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Meno” 78d.)]
I.2 of parties giving or receiving hospitality, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 8.145, etc.)]; mostly of the guest, opposed to the host, ξεινοδόκοι καὶ ξεῖνος [Refs ([prev. work] 543)], etc.; ἁ ξείνα the visitor, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.154)]; of guests at a club, opposed to σύνδειπνοι, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (“PTeb.” 118.4 (2nd c.BC))]: less frequently of the host, [NT+8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.532, 3rd c.BC: Apollonius Rhodius Epicus 1.208, NT.Rom.16.23, etc.: with _dative_, ξεῖνός τινι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.20, 22, compare 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.10, etc.; also ξ. τινός [prev. work] 2.4.15.)]
II stranger, especially wanderer, refugee (under the protection of Ζεὺς ξένιος), sometimes coupled with ἱκέτης, Ζεὺς ἐπιτιμήτωρ ἱκετάων τε ξείνων τε ξείνιος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.270, compare 8.546; with πτωχός, πρὸς γὰρ Διός εἰσιν ἅπαντες ξεῖνοί τε πτωχοί τε 6.208.)]
III generally, stranger, foreigner, opposed to ἔνδημος, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 225)]; opposed to ἀστός, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.90, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 13, 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 4.10, etc.; πολιατᾶν καὶ ξ. 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 1.51, compare 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 924 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 473d, etc.)]; opposed to ἐπιχώριος, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Men.” 94d: coupled with μέτοικος, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.90, compare “IG” 12.39.53)]; with ἔπηλυς, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Herm.” 24)]; opposed to a member of the family, [Refs 6th c.AD+ (“PMasp.” 169.10 (6th c.AD), etc.)]
III.b as a term of address to any stranger, ὦ ξένε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 247, 2nd c.BC: Moschus Bucolicus 1.5, etc.; ὦ ξένη 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 204c.)]
III.2 ={βάρβαρος}, at Sparta, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.11, 55.)]
IV hireling, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.102)]; especially mercenary soldier, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (Inscriptiones Graecae 12.949.89, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 1.1.10, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.152, etc.; ξ. ναυβάται 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.121)]: rarely simply, ally, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.3.)]
B as adjective ξένος, η, ον (also ος, ον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 94))], Ionic dialect ξεῖνος, η, ον, foreign, not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (in the phrases ξεῖνε πάτερ 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 7.28, ἄνθρωποι ξεῖνοι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.202, both words are _substantive_))]; frequently in later writers, ξείνα γαῖα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 4.118 codices; ξένης ἐπὶ χθονός 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1256; γᾶς ἐπὶ ξένας [prev. work] 1705 (Lyric poetry, compare ξένη))]; ἐν ξένῃσι χερσί by foreign hands, [Refs ([prev. author] “El.” 1141)]; ξ. δόμοι, πόλις, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Phoenissae” 339 (Lyric poetry), 369, etc.)]; of alien property, ξ. ἄρουραι [Refs 6th c.AD+ (“PMasp.” 295.22 (6th c.AD).)]
B.II with genitive of things, strange to a thing, unacquainted with, ignorant of it, ξ. τοῦ λόγου [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 219, compare “Anthologia Graeca” 4.3a.37 (6th c.AD: Agathias Historicus et Epigrammaticus); ξ. τῶν διαθηκῶν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας NT.Eph.2.12, compare “BGU” 405.12 (4th c.AD).)] adverb ξένως, ἔχω τῆς ἐνθάδε λέξεως I am a stranger to the mode of speech, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Apologia” 17d; ἔχειν τῆς διαλέκτου 4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Orationes” 21.253c.)]
B.III strange, unusual, λόγοι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 688 (Lyric poetry); τιμωρίαι 5th-4th c.BC: Timaeus Locrus Philosophus 104d; ποιεῖν ξένην τὴν διάλεκτον 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1404b11, compare 1415a7; οὐδὲν ξ. ἐν τῷ παντὶ ἀποτελεῖται 4th-3rd c.BC: Epicurus Philosophus “Fragmenta” 266; τοῖς νέοις ποιεῖν ξένα τὰ φαῦλα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1336b34; ξένα ταῖς ὄψεσι 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 3.15)]; ὡς ξένου συμβαίνοντος NT.1Pet.4.12 [NT (; διδαχαὶ ποικίλαι καὶ ξ. NT.Heb.13.9; ξ. δαιμόνια NT.Act.17.18)]: superlative, πράξεων ὡς -οτάτων [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Herc.” 1251.5; ξ. αὐτῷ δοκεῖ τὸ πρᾶγμα 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Cont.” 13, etc.)] adverb ξένως, λαλεῖν [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus P 0.5.12.)]
B.III.2 τοῦ πνεύματος.. ῥύσις ὡς -ωτάτη air as fresh as possible, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hippocrates Medicus “περὶ φύσιος ἀνθρώπου” 9. (From ξένϝος,compare πρόξενϝος “IG” 9(1).867, Ξενϝάρης [prev. work]869, Ξενϝοκλῆς, Ξένϝων, [prev. work]4.315,348: hence it is improbable that the _Aeolic dialect_ form was ξέννος.))]