Strong G3120μαλακός
soft/effeminate
- Transliteration
- malakos
- Pronunciation
- mal-ak-os'
- Morphology
- Greek Adjective
Definition
Of uncertain affinity;
soft that is fine (clothing); figuratively a catamite: - effeminate soft.
soft that is fine (clothing); figuratively a catamite: - effeminate soft.
Detailed definition
μαλακός, -ή, -όν
[in LXX: Pro.25:15 (רַךְ) Pro.26:22 (לָהַם)*;]
soft;
1. prop., to the touch (opposite to σκληρός): of clothing, pl., Mat.11:8, Luk.7:25.
2. Of persons and their mode of living;
__(a) mild, gentle;
__(b) soft, effeminate: 1Co.6:9 (prob. in obscene sense, cf. Deiss., LAE, 150, 4; MM, xvi; Zorell, see word).†
(AS)
[in LXX: Pro.25:15 (רַךְ) Pro.26:22 (לָהַם)*;]
soft;
1. prop., to the touch (opposite to σκληρός): of clothing, pl., Mat.11:8, Luk.7:25.
2. Of persons and their mode of living;
__(a) mild, gentle;
__(b) soft, effeminate: 1Co.6:9 (prob. in obscene sense, cf. Deiss., LAE, 150, 4; MM, xvi; Zorell, see word).†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G3120 appears in 3 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- soft2
- effeminate1
First verses
- Matthew 11:8But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? behold, they that wear soft clothing are in kings’ houses.
- Luke 7:25But what went ye out for to see? A man clothed in soft raiment? Behold, they which are gorgeously apparelled, and live delicately, are in kings’ courts.
- 1 Corinthians 6:9Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind,
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
μᾰλᾰκός, ή, όν,
soft:
I of things subject to touch, εὐνή [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9. 618; κώεα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.38; τάπης μαλακοῦ ἐρίοιο 4.124; χιτών 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.42, “PSI” 4.364.5 (3rd c.BC))]; πέπλοι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.796)]; νειὸς μ. fresh-ploughed fallow, [Refs (18.541)]; λειμῶνες μ. soft grassy meadows, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.72, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.349; πόας ἄνθος 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 54; τάπητες.. -ώτεροι ὕπνω 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.125)]; of the skin or flesh, μ. παρειαί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 783 (Lyric poetry); χρώς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1403 (_anapaest meter_); σώματα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.10.1)]; πρόβατα μ. soft-fleeced, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.52)]; τόποι πεδινοὶ καὶ μ., opposed to hard, rugged ground, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 607a10)]; οἱ κρημνοὶ οἱ μ.[Refs 3rd c.BC+ ([prev. work] 615b31; μ. πέτρα “SIG” 970.8 (3rd c.BC), “PPetr.” 2p.6 (3rd c.BC))]; μ. τέφρα a slow fire, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd-2nd c.BC: Philo Mechanicus “(Belopoeica) Excerpte aus Philons Mechanik - Ath. Berl. Akad.” 89.36; so μ. πῦρ 1st c.AD: Andromachus Poeta Medicus cited in 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 13.26; μ. ἀνθρακιά 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.76)]; ὕδωρ μ., of marsh water, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 192.8 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 59d (compare μαλθακός))]; of soil, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 19.8, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 111b.)] adverb, μαλακῶς ἐνεύδειν, εὑδέμεναι, to sleep softly, i.e. on soft bedding, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.350, 24.255; μαλακώτατα καθεύδειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.1.24)]; καθίζου μ. sit softly, i.e. on a cushion, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 785; ὑποστορεῖτε μ. τῷ κυνί 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 90, compare 108)]; but ὡς μ. ἐσθίεις what dainty food you have! [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 2.10.)]
I.2 μαλακά (i.e. σκεύη), τά, household utensils, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Per.fragment” 3, 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 19.)]
II of things not subject to touch, gentle, θάνατος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.202; ὕπνος 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.2; κῶμα 14.359)]; μ. ἔπεα soft, fair words, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (1.582, 6.337; λόγοι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.56; ἐπαοιδαί 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.51; παρηγορίαι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 95 (_anapaest meter_); αὖραι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 20.18)]; μ. βλέμμα tender, youthful looks, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1022; μαλακὰ φρονέων ἐσλοῖς 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.95)]; μ. οἶνος mild, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 873b34)]; μ. [φωνή] soft, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aud.” 803a8 (_comparative_))]; of scent, faint, delicate, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 6.7.4)]; of climate, mild, [Refs ([prev. work] 6.8.1.)] adverb μαλακῶς, αὐλεῖν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Audibilibus” 803a20; ἐὰν τὰ σκληρὰ μ. λέγηται [prev. author] “Rh.” 1408b9.)]
II.2 light, mild, - ώτεραι ζημίαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.45.)]
III of persons or modes of life, soft, mild, gentle, μαλακώτερος ἀμφαφάασθαι easier to handle, of a fallen hero, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.373; ἐκ τῶν μ. χώρων μ. ἄνδρας γίνεσθαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.122; - ώτερον ἐκ σκληροτέρου τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ἦθος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 666b; ἀρνίου -ώτερος 4th-3rd c.BC: Philippides Comicus 29; - ώτερον τὸ ἦθος τὸ τῶν θηλειῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 608a25; ἀρρένων καὶ μ. ἠθῶν καὶ πράξεων 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Mus.” p.92 K.)]
III.2 in bad sense, soft, μ. ἐν τῇ ξυναγωγῇ τοῦ πολέμου [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.18; μ. ἦν περὶ τοῦ μισθοῦ [prev. author] 8.29; πρὸς τὸ πονεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.2)]. adverb - κῶς, ξυμμαχεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.78)]; -ωτέρως ἀνθήπτετο attacked him somewhat feebly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 8.50; μ. φιλεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.10.)]
III.2.b faint-hearted, cowardly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.5.16 (_comparative_), etc.)]
III.2.c morally weak, lacking in self-control, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.153 (_comparative_))]; ἀντίκειται τῷ μ. ὁ καρτερικός [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1150a33)]: with infinitive, μαλακὸς καρτερεῖν πρὸς ἡδονάς τε καὶ λύπας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 556c; τὸ τρυφῶν καὶ μ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1455 (Lyric poetry))]; μ. οὐδὲν ἐνδιδόναι not to give in from weakness or want of spirit, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.51, 105, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 488)]; τὰ μ. indulgences, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 288, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.28.)]
III.2.d ={παθητικός}, [NT+3rd c.BC+ (“PHib.” 1.54.11 (3rd c.BC), NT.1Cor.6.9, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 113.22, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 7.173.)]
III.2.e of music, soft, effeminate, μ. ἁρμονίαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398e, 411a, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1290a28)]; tuned to a low pitch, opposed to σύντονος, χρῶμα μ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Cleonides Musicus “Introductio Harmonica - Musici Scriptores Graeci” 7, etc.)]
III.2.f of style, feeble, τὸ -ώτερον καὶ ταπεινότερον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.197 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]
III.2.g of reasoning, weak, loose, λόγος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.4 (_comparative_), compare 5.149 (_comparative_))]; λόγος λίαν μ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1090b8.)] adverb -κῶς, συλλογίζεσθαι to reason loosely, [Refs ([prev. author] “Rh.” 1396b1 (_comparative_))]; ἀποδεικνύειν -ώτερον [Refs ([prev. author] “Metaphorical” 1025b13.)]
III.3 weakly, sickly, -κῶς ἔχειν to be ill, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hermippus Comicus 58, Pseudo-Herodotus Historicus “Vitae Homeri” 34, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 9.1; - κῶς διάκειται “PCair.Zen.” 263.3 (3rd c.BC).)]
IV adverb -κῶς, see supr. I, II, III.
soft:
I of things subject to touch, εὐνή [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9. 618; κώεα 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.38; τάπης μαλακοῦ ἐρίοιο 4.124; χιτών 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.42, “PSI” 4.364.5 (3rd c.BC))]; πέπλοι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.796)]; νειὸς μ. fresh-ploughed fallow, [Refs (18.541)]; λειμῶνες μ. soft grassy meadows, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.72, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 14.349; πόας ἄνθος 7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 54; τάπητες.. -ώτεροι ὕπνω 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 15.125)]; of the skin or flesh, μ. παρειαί [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 783 (Lyric poetry); χρώς 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Medea” 1403 (_anapaest meter_); σώματα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.10.1)]; πρόβατα μ. soft-fleeced, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 47.52)]; τόποι πεδινοὶ καὶ μ., opposed to hard, rugged ground, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 607a10)]; οἱ κρημνοὶ οἱ μ.[Refs 3rd c.BC+ ([prev. work] 615b31; μ. πέτρα “SIG” 970.8 (3rd c.BC), “PPetr.” 2p.6 (3rd c.BC))]; μ. τέφρα a slow fire, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd-2nd c.BC: Philo Mechanicus “(Belopoeica) Excerpte aus Philons Mechanik - Ath. Berl. Akad.” 89.36; so μ. πῦρ 1st c.AD: Andromachus Poeta Medicus cited in 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 13.26; μ. ἀνθρακιά 1st c.AD: Dioscorides (Dioscurides) Medicus 2.76)]; ὕδωρ μ., of marsh water, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 192.8 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 59d (compare μαλθακός))]; of soil, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 19.8, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Critias” 111b.)] adverb, μαλακῶς ἐνεύδειν, εὑδέμεναι, to sleep softly, i.e. on soft bedding, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 3.350, 24.255; μαλακώτατα καθεύδειν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.1.24)]; καθίζου μ. sit softly, i.e. on a cushion, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 785; ὑποστορεῖτε μ. τῷ κυνί 4th c.BC: Eubulus Comicus 90, compare 108)]; but ὡς μ. ἐσθίεις what dainty food you have! [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Characteres” 2.10.)]
I.2 μαλακά (i.e. σκεύη), τά, household utensils, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Per.fragment” 3, 4th-3rd c.BC: Diphilus Comicus 19.)]
II of things not subject to touch, gentle, θάνατος [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 18.202; ὕπνος 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.2; κῶμα 14.359)]; μ. ἔπεα soft, fair words, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (1.582, 6.337; λόγοι 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 1.56; ἐπαοιδαί 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “P.” 3.51; παρηγορίαι 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 95 (_anapaest meter_); αὖραι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 20.18)]; μ. βλέμμα tender, youthful looks, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 1022; μαλακὰ φρονέων ἐσλοῖς 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 4.95)]; μ. οἶνος mild, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Problemata” 873b34)]; μ. [φωνή] soft, [Refs ([prev. author] “Aud.” 803a8 (_comparative_))]; of scent, faint, delicate, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Theophrastus Philosophus “Historia Plantarum” 6.7.4)]; of climate, mild, [Refs ([prev. work] 6.8.1.)] adverb μαλακῶς, αὐλεῖν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “de Audibilibus” 803a20; ἐὰν τὰ σκληρὰ μ. λέγηται [prev. author] “Rh.” 1408b9.)]
II.2 light, mild, - ώτεραι ζημίαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.45.)]
III of persons or modes of life, soft, mild, gentle, μαλακώτερος ἀμφαφάασθαι easier to handle, of a fallen hero, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 22.373; ἐκ τῶν μ. χώρων μ. ἄνδρας γίνεσθαι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.122; - ώτερον ἐκ σκληροτέρου τὸ τῆς ψυχῆς ἦθος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 666b; ἀρνίου -ώτερος 4th-3rd c.BC: Philippides Comicus 29; - ώτερον τὸ ἦθος τὸ τῶν θηλειῶν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 608a25; ἀρρένων καὶ μ. ἠθῶν καὶ πράξεων 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Mus.” p.92 K.)]
III.2 in bad sense, soft, μ. ἐν τῇ ξυναγωγῇ τοῦ πολέμου [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.18; μ. ἦν περὶ τοῦ μισθοῦ [prev. author] 8.29; πρὸς τὸ πονεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.2.2)]. adverb - κῶς, ξυμμαχεῖν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.78)]; -ωτέρως ἀνθήπτετο attacked him somewhat feebly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 8.50; μ. φιλεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 3.11.10.)]
III.2.b faint-hearted, cowardly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.13, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 4.5.16 (_comparative_), etc.)]
III.2.c morally weak, lacking in self-control, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.153 (_comparative_))]; ἀντίκειται τῷ μ. ὁ καρτερικός [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ethica Nicomachea” 1150a33)]: with infinitive, μαλακὸς καρτερεῖν πρὸς ἡδονάς τε καὶ λύπας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 556c; τὸ τρυφῶν καὶ μ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 1455 (Lyric poetry))]; μ. οὐδὲν ἐνδιδόναι not to give in from weakness or want of spirit, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.51, 105, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 488)]; τὰ μ. indulgences, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Epicharmus Comicus 288, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.2.28.)]
III.2.d ={παθητικός}, [NT+3rd c.BC+ (“PHib.” 1.54.11 (3rd c.BC), NT.1Cor.6.9, 2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 113.22, 3rd c.AD(?): Diogenes Laertius 7.173.)]
III.2.e of music, soft, effeminate, μ. ἁρμονίαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 398e, 411a, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1290a28)]; tuned to a low pitch, opposed to σύντονος, χρῶμα μ. [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Cleonides Musicus “Introductio Harmonica - Musici Scriptores Graeci” 7, etc.)]
III.2.f of style, feeble, τὸ -ώτερον καὶ ταπεινότερον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.197 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]
III.2.g of reasoning, weak, loose, λόγος [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 12.4 (_comparative_), compare 5.149 (_comparative_))]; λόγος λίαν μ. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 1090b8.)] adverb -κῶς, συλλογίζεσθαι to reason loosely, [Refs ([prev. author] “Rh.” 1396b1 (_comparative_))]; ἀποδεικνύειν -ώτερον [Refs ([prev. author] “Metaphorical” 1025b13.)]
III.3 weakly, sickly, -κῶς ἔχειν to be ill, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Hermippus Comicus 58, Pseudo-Herodotus Historicus “Vitae Homeri” 34, 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DDeor.” 9.1; - κῶς διάκειται “PCair.Zen.” 263.3 (3rd c.BC).)]
IV adverb -κῶς, see supr. I, II, III.