Strong G2975λαγχάνω
to choose by lot
- Transliteration
- lagchanō
- Pronunciation
- lang-khan'-o
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
A prolonged form of a primary verb which is only used as an alternate in certain tenses; to lot that is determine (by implication receive) especially by lot: - his lot be cast lots obtain.
Detailed definition
λαγχάνω
[in LXX: 1Ki.14:47 (לָכַד, see Th., Gr., 38), Wis.8:19, 3Mac 61 *;]
1. to obtain by lot, to obtain (in cl., with genitive): with inf. art. (B1., § 36, 3; 71, 3), Luk.1:9; with accusative of thing(s), Act.1:17, 2Pe.1:1.
2. to draw lots: before περί, Jhn.19:24
(AS)
[in LXX: 1Ki.14:47 (לָכַד, see Th., Gr., 38), Wis.8:19, 3Mac 61 *;]
1. to obtain by lot, to obtain (in cl., with genitive): with inf. art. (B1., § 36, 3; 71, 3), Luk.1:9; with accusative of thing(s), Act.1:17, 2Pe.1:1.
2. to draw lots: before περί, Jhn.19:24
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G2975 appears in 4 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- lot2
- obtain1
- obtained1
First verses
- Luke 1:9According to the custom of the priest’s office, his lot was to burn incense when he went into the temple of the Lord.
- John 19:24They said therefore among themselves, Let us not rend it, but cast lots for it, whose it shall be: that the scripture might be fulfilled, which saith, They parted my raiment among them, and for my vesture they did cast lots. These things therefore the soldiers did.
- Acts 1:17For he was numbered with us, and had obtained part of this ministry.
- 2 Peter 1:1Simon Peter, a servant and an apostle of Jesus Christ, to them that have obtained like precious faith with us through the righteousness of God and our Saviour Jesus Christ:
Occurrences by book
Detailed Greek dictionary
λαγχάνω,
future λήξομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 617e)]; Ionic dialect λάξομαι (compare λάξις) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.144)]: aorist ἔλᾰχον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.367, etc.)]; Epic dialect ἔλλαχον [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“hymnus ad Cererem” 87, variant for{ἔλλαβεν} in 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.271)]; Epic dialect λάχον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.49, +others)]; Aeolic dialect optative 1st pers. singular λαχόην [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 9 (λαχοίην 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 247.25))]; for λέλᾰχον see infr. IV: perfect εἴληχα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 376, 423, etc.)]: pluperfect εἰλήχει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 107d)]; poetry and Ionic dialect λέλογχα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.53, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 9.39, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 20.3, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 282 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.53, Test. cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.82, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.83, etc.)], but not in early Attic dialect Prose; 3rd.pers. plural λελογχᾰσι (ν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.304, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 102, but λελᾰχᾱσι [prev. author] 115.5)]; participle λελαχώς [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “D.” 1.17)]; Doric dialect 3rd.pers. singular λελόγχει [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 4.40)]: pluperfect ἐλελόγχει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Am.” 18)]:—passive, aorist ἐλήχθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.8, 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 9.24, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 38.20)]: perfect εἴληγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 296, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 30.34)]; 3rd.pers. plural λελάχαται [Refs 5th c.AD+ (Perictione Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 4.28.19:)]
I with accusative of things, obtain by lot, of spoils, opposed to ἐξαιρεῖσθαι, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.233, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.367, etc.)]: generally, obtain as one's portion, τὸ γὰρ λάχομεν γέρας ἡμεῖς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (4.49; λαχόντα τε ληΐδος αἶσαν 18.327; πρὸς δαιμόνων ὄλβον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 9.45; μέζονας μοίρας λ. 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 25; μοῖραν ἴσην, ὡς αὐτοί περ ἐλάγχανον 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.282, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.144: with)]infinitive added, ἔλαχον πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν I had the sea for my portion to dwell in, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.190, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.34, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 931 (_anapaest meter_); ἔλαχ᾽ ἄναξ δούλην σ᾽ ἔχειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 278, compare 282 (Lyric poetry))]; of a deity as presiding over one's life, ἐμὲ μὲν Κὴρ.. λάχε γεινόμενόν περ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.79; τῶ σκληρῶ μάλα δαίμονος ὅς με λελόγχει 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 4.40; δαίμων ὁ τὴν ἡμετέραν μοῖραν εἰληχώς 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.78; ὦ δαῖμον, ὅς με.. εἴληχας 4th c.AD: Alciphro Epistolographus 3.49)]: also, especially in perfect, to be the tutelary deity of a place, protect it. [Πὰν] πάντα λόφον.. λέλογχε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“Hymni Homerici” 19.6; θεοῖσι οἳ Περσίδα γῆν λελόγχασι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.53; παῖ Ῥέας, ἃ πρυτανεῖα λέλογχας 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 11.1)]; of Athena, ἣ τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν ἔλαχε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 23d, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 319 (Lyric poetry), “Ph.” 1576 (Lyric poetry): _metaphorically_, ἀκέρδεια λέλογχεν θαμινὰ κακαγόρος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.53)]: frequently of persons who have a post assigned to them by lot, κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερές, ὅς κε λάχῃσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.171, compare 179, 23.354, 862)]: with infinitive, κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ᾽ ἕπεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (24.400; so πάλῳ λαχεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 55, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.94, compare 3.128; ὡς ἐν πύλαις ἕκαστος εἴληχεν πάλον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 376: _absolutely_, πρὸς Θύμβρης ἔλαχον Δύκιοι)] had their post assigned near Thymbra, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.430)]; ἐπί, ἐν πύλαις λ., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 423, 451, etc.)]; λαχών alone, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.128, etc.)]; λ. τινὰ διδάσκαλον have him assigned to one by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.11.)]
I.2 at Athens, obtain an office by lot, ἀρχὰς λαχεῖν, opposed to χειροτονηθῆναι (to be elected), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.25, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1111; οὐδεμίαν [ἀρχὴν] λαχὼν οὐδὲ χειροτονηθείς 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.106: more frequently with)]infinitive, ὁ τῷ κυάμῳ λαχὼν πολεμαρχέειν he who had the lot to be polemarch, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.109; ἔλαχον πρότεροι ἀποδιδόναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.21, compare 35; λαχὼν.. ἱερομνημονεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 623)]; λαχόντος βουλεύειν when I became Member of Council by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.111, compare 59.3, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 473e: with _genitive_, λαχεῖν τῶν ἐξιόντων)] to be chosen by lot as one of.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.133; also οἱ ταμίαι οἱ λαχόντες “IG” 12.91.21)]; λαχεῖν βασιλεύς, ἐπιμελητής, ἱερεύς, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 6.4, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.47, etc.; ἐπίσκοπος τῷ κυάμῳ λαχών 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1022)]; οἱ πεντακόσιοι [οἱ] λαχόντες τῷ κυάμῳ Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.96: _absolutely_, κληρούχους τοὺς λαχόντας)] those on whom the lot fell, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.50, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 765c; τοὺς λαχόντας προέδρους “SIG” 465.6 (Athens, 3rd c.BC); rare except in Athens, λαχὼν ἱερεύς [prev. work]762.12 (Dionysopolis, 1st c.BC), etc.)]
I.3 as Attic dialect law-term, λαγχάνειν δίκην obtain leave to bring a suit (especially a private suit), probably because the presiding magistrates decided the order of hearing by lot; λ. δίκην τινί against one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 5b, “Lg.” 938b, compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.99; ἔγκλημά τινι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 34.16)]; τὸν εἰληχότα τοῦ κλήρου τὴν δίκην the person suing for the inheritance, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 8.3: without τὴν δίκην, εἴληχε μὲν αὑτῷ τῆς θυγατρὸς τῆς Εὐκτήμονος ὡς οὔσης ἐπικλήρου)] he has claimed Euctemon's daughter.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 6.46, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 48.20; λ. τινὶ τοῦ συμβολαίου 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.3; λ. φόνου ἐμαυτῷ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.120)]; also λ. τῷ υἱεῖ τῆς ἐπικλήρου prosecute the claim on his son's behalf, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.121, compare 124; λ. δίκην τινὶ εἰς τοὺς Ἀμφικτύονας χιλίων ταλάντων ὑπέρ τινος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.98, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 16.2: _absolutely_, λ. πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 11.33: _metaphorically_, τοῦ σώματος [τῇ ψυχῇ] δίκην λαχόντος 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 159)]:—passive, πρὸς οὓς αἱ δίκαι ἐλήχθησαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.8; πρὸ τοῦ τὴν δίκην ληχθῆναι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.28: _impersonal_, τούτοις λαγχάνεται)] proceedings are taken, [Refs ([prev. author] 23.76.)]
II with genitive partitive, become possessed of a thing, ὥς κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς δώρων ἐκ Πριάμοιο λάχῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.76; ἔλαχον κτερέων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.311, compare 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 934, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 8(7).69, “fragment” 75.6, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 1.56, 9.39, “Lyrica Adespota” 53, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 102, 115.5, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 21; εὖ πραπίδων λαχόντα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 380 (Lyric poetry); χρυσῆς.. τιμῆς λαχεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 699; οὔ τι μὴ λάχωσι τοῦδε συμμάχου [prev. author] “OC” 450)]; γέννας ἀφθίτου λαχόντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “fragment” 278; διπλοῦ βίου λαχόντες 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 1086)]; πατρῴων οὐ λαχών not having obtained thy patrimony, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Tr.” 1192; τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης τελευτῆς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.44; δείπνου τε καὶ ὕπνου λαγχάνομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 6.9; also χθονὸς λαχεῖν τοσοῦτον ἐνθανεῖν μόνον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 790; γάμου μέρος λαχοῦσα [prev. author] “Ant.” 918; τύμβου κοινὸν εἰληχὼς μέρος [prev. author] “El.” 1135; τῆς γῆς τὸ πρὸς Νότον εἴληχε Παλλάς [prev. author] “fragment” 24.8.)]
III absolutely, draw lots, κατάστασις ἡ διὰ τοῦ λαγχάνειν γιγνομένη [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.23, compare 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 4.63, etc.; περί τινος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21 argument 2__ 3, 4, NT.John.19.24.)]
IV causal only in Epic dialect reduplicate aorist λέλᾰχον, put in possession of a thing, grant one the rights of.., ὄφρα πυρός με Τρῶες.. λελάχωσι θανόντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.80, compare 15.350, 23.76)]: later this aorist is used intransitive in [Refs 5th c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 7.341 (5th c.AD: Proclus Philosophus).)]
V intransitive, fall to one's lot or share, ἐς ἑκάστην [νῆα] ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες nine goats were allotted to each, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.160; αἰὼν δυσαίων ἔλαχεν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 214 (Lyric poetry); ὅσοις.. τὸ σωφρονεῖν εἴληχεν [prev. author] “Hipp.” 80; τὸ λαχὸν μέρος ἑκάστῳ τῷ θεῷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 745e, compare “Epin.” 992d; τὴν πρὸς Νότον λαχεῖν φασι Δευκαλίωνι 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 9.5.23.)]
future λήξομαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 617e)]; Ionic dialect λάξομαι (compare λάξις) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.144)]: aorist ἔλᾰχον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.367, etc.)]; Epic dialect ἔλλαχον [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (“hymnus ad Cererem” 87, variant for{ἔλλαβεν} in 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 25.271)]; Epic dialect λάχον [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 4.49, +others)]; Aeolic dialect optative 1st pers. singular λαχόην [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 9 (λαχοίην 2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 247.25))]; for λέλᾰχον see infr. IV: perfect εἴληχα [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 376, 423, etc.)]: pluperfect εἰλήχει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedo” 107d)]; poetry and Ionic dialect λέλογχα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.53, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 9.39, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 20.3, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 282 (Lyric poetry), 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.53, Test. cited in 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.82, 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 4.83, etc.)], but not in early Attic dialect Prose; 3rd.pers. plural λελογχᾰσι (ν) [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 11.304, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 102, but λελᾰχᾱσι [prev. author] 115.5)]; participle λελαχώς [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “D.” 1.17)]; Doric dialect 3rd.pers. singular λελόγχει [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 4.40)]: pluperfect ἐλελόγχει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Am.” 18)]:—passive, aorist ἐλήχθην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.8, 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 9.24, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 38.20)]: perfect εἴληγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 296, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 30.34)]; 3rd.pers. plural λελάχαται [Refs 5th c.AD+ (Perictione Philosophus cited in 5th c.AD: Stobaeus, Joannes 4.28.19:)]
I with accusative of things, obtain by lot, of spoils, opposed to ἐξαιρεῖσθαι, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 14.233, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 9.367, etc.)]: generally, obtain as one's portion, τὸ γὰρ λάχομεν γέρας ἡμεῖς [Refs 8th c.BC+ (4.49; λαχόντα τε ληΐδος αἶσαν 18.327; πρὸς δαιμόνων ὄλβον 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 9.45; μέζονας μοίρας λ. 1st c.AD(?): Heraclitus 25; μοῖραν ἴσην, ὡς αὐτοί περ ἐλάγχανον 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.282, compare 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.144: with)]infinitive added, ἔλαχον πολιὴν ἅλα ναιέμεν I had the sea for my portion to dwell in, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 15.190, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 6.34, 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 931 (_anapaest meter_); ἔλαχ᾽ ἄναξ δούλην σ᾽ ἔχειν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Troades” 278, compare 282 (Lyric poetry))]; of a deity as presiding over one's life, ἐμὲ μὲν Κὴρ.. λάχε γεινόμενόν περ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.79; τῶ σκληρῶ μάλα δαίμονος ὅς με λελόγχει 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 4.40; δαίμων ὁ τὴν ἡμετέραν μοῖραν εἰληχώς 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 2.78; ὦ δαῖμον, ὅς με.. εἴληχας 4th c.AD: Alciphro Epistolographus 3.49)]: also, especially in perfect, to be the tutelary deity of a place, protect it. [Πὰν] πάντα λόφον.. λέλογχε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“Hymni Homerici” 19.6; θεοῖσι οἳ Περσίδα γῆν λελόγχασι 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.53; παῖ Ῥέας, ἃ πρυτανεῖα λέλογχας 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 11.1)]; of Athena, ἣ τὴν ὑμετέραν πόλιν ἔλαχε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Timaeus” 23d, compare 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 319 (Lyric poetry), “Ph.” 1576 (Lyric poetry): _metaphorically_, ἀκέρδεια λέλογχεν θαμινὰ κακαγόρος 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 1.53)]: frequently of persons who have a post assigned to them by lot, κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερές, ὅς κε λάχῃσι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.171, compare 179, 23.354, 862)]: with infinitive, κλήρῳ λάχον ἐνθάδ᾽ ἕπεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (24.400; so πάλῳ λαχεῖν 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 55, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 4.94, compare 3.128; ὡς ἐν πύλαις ἕκαστος εἴληχεν πάλον 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 376: _absolutely_, πρὸς Θύμβρης ἔλαχον Δύκιοι)] had their post assigned near Thymbra, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.430)]; ἐπί, ἐν πύλαις λ., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 423, 451, etc.)]; λαχών alone, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.128, etc.)]; λ. τινὰ διδάσκαλον have him assigned to one by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.11.)]
I.2 at Athens, obtain an office by lot, ἀρχὰς λαχεῖν, opposed to χειροτονηθῆναι (to be elected), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.25, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1111; οὐδεμίαν [ἀρχὴν] λαχὼν οὐδὲ χειροτονηθείς 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.106: more frequently with)]infinitive, ὁ τῷ κυάμῳ λαχὼν πολεμαρχέειν he who had the lot to be polemarch, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 6.109; ἔλαχον πρότεροι ἀποδιδόναι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.21, compare 35; λαχὼν.. ἱερομνημονεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Nubes” 623)]; λαχόντος βουλεύειν when I became Member of Council by lot, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.111, compare 59.3, 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 473e: with _genitive_, λαχεῖν τῶν ἐξιόντων)] to be chosen by lot as one of.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.133; also οἱ ταμίαι οἱ λαχόντες “IG” 12.91.21)]; λαχεῖν βασιλεύς, ἐπιμελητής, ἱερεύς, etc., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 6.4, 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 2.10, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 57.47, etc.; ἐπίσκοπος τῷ κυάμῳ λαχών 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 1022)]; οἱ πεντακόσιοι [οἱ] λαχόντες τῷ κυάμῳ Legal cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.96: _absolutely_, κληρούχους τοὺς λαχόντας)] those on whom the lot fell, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.50, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 765c; τοὺς λαχόντας προέδρους “SIG” 465.6 (Athens, 3rd c.BC); rare except in Athens, λαχὼν ἱερεύς [prev. work]762.12 (Dionysopolis, 1st c.BC), etc.)]
I.3 as Attic dialect law-term, λαγχάνειν δίκην obtain leave to bring a suit (especially a private suit), probably because the presiding magistrates decided the order of hearing by lot; λ. δίκην τινί against one, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Euthyphro” 5b, “Lg.” 938b, compare 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 2.99; ἔγκλημά τινι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 34.16)]; τὸν εἰληχότα τοῦ κλήρου τὴν δίκην the person suing for the inheritance, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 8.3: without τὴν δίκην, εἴληχε μὲν αὑτῷ τῆς θυγατρὸς τῆς Εὐκτήμονος ὡς οὔσης ἐπικλήρου)] he has claimed Euctemon's daughter.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 6.46, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 48.20; λ. τινὶ τοῦ συμβολαίου 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.3; λ. φόνου ἐμαυτῷ 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.120)]; also λ. τῷ υἱεῖ τῆς ἐπικλήρου prosecute the claim on his son's behalf, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.121, compare 124; λ. δίκην τινὶ εἰς τοὺς Ἀμφικτύονας χιλίων ταλάντων ὑπέρ τινος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 59.98, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 16.2: _absolutely_, λ. πρὸς τὸν ἄρχοντα 4th c.BC: Isaeus Orator 11.33: _metaphorically_, τοῦ σώματος [τῇ ψυχῇ] δίκην λαχόντος 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 159)]:—passive, πρὸς οὓς αἱ δίκαι ἐλήχθησαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 17.8; πρὸ τοῦ τὴν δίκην ληχθῆναι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 54.28: _impersonal_, τούτοις λαγχάνεται)] proceedings are taken, [Refs ([prev. author] 23.76.)]
II with genitive partitive, become possessed of a thing, ὥς κεν Ἀχιλλεὺς δώρων ἐκ Πριάμοιο λάχῃ [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 24.76; ἔλαχον κτερέων 8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.311, compare 6th c.BC: Theognis Elegiacus 934, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 8(7).69, “fragment” 75.6, 5th c.BC: Bacchylides Lyricus 1.56, 9.39, “Lyrica Adespota” 53, 5th c.BC: Empedocles Poeta Philosophus 102, 115.5, 3rd c.AD: Democritus Epigrammaticus 21; εὖ πραπίδων λαχόντα 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 380 (Lyric poetry); χρυσῆς.. τιμῆς λαχεῖν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 699; οὔ τι μὴ λάχωσι τοῦδε συμμάχου [prev. author] “OC” 450)]; γέννας ἀφθίτου λαχόντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “fragment” 278; διπλοῦ βίου λαχόντες 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Supplices” 1086)]; πατρῴων οὐ λαχών not having obtained thy patrimony, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Tr.” 1192; τῆς εὐπρεπεστάτης τελευτῆς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.44; δείπνου τε καὶ ὕπνου λαγχάνομεν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 6.9; also χθονὸς λαχεῖν τοσοῦτον ἐνθανεῖν μόνον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 790; γάμου μέρος λαχοῦσα [prev. author] “Ant.” 918; τύμβου κοινὸν εἰληχὼς μέρος [prev. author] “El.” 1135; τῆς γῆς τὸ πρὸς Νότον εἴληχε Παλλάς [prev. author] “fragment” 24.8.)]
III absolutely, draw lots, κατάστασις ἡ διὰ τοῦ λαγχάνειν γιγνομένη [NT+5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 7.23, compare 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 4.63, etc.; περί τινος 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21 argument 2__ 3, 4, NT.John.19.24.)]
IV causal only in Epic dialect reduplicate aorist λέλᾰχον, put in possession of a thing, grant one the rights of.., ὄφρα πυρός με Τρῶες.. λελάχωσι θανόντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 7.80, compare 15.350, 23.76)]: later this aorist is used intransitive in [Refs 5th c.AD+ (“Anthologia Graeca” 7.341 (5th c.AD: Proclus Philosophus).)]
V intransitive, fall to one's lot or share, ἐς ἑκάστην [νῆα] ἐννέα λάγχανον αἶγες nine goats were allotted to each, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 9.160; αἰὼν δυσαίων ἔλαχεν 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Helena” 214 (Lyric poetry); ὅσοις.. τὸ σωφρονεῖν εἴληχεν [prev. author] “Hipp.” 80; τὸ λαχὸν μέρος ἑκάστῳ τῷ θεῷ 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 745e, compare “Epin.” 992d; τὴν πρὸς Νότον λαχεῖν φασι Δευκαλίωνι 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 9.5.23.)]