Strong G2839G2839Hκοινός
common: shared
One of the 2 senses of Strong G2839
- Transliteration
- koinos
- Pronunciation
- koy-nos'
- Morphology
- Greek Adjective
Definition
Probably from G4862; common that is (literally) shared by all or several or (ceremonially) profane: - common defiled unclean unholy.
Detailed definition
κοινός, -ή, -όν
[in LXX: Pro.1:14 (אֶחָד) Pro.21:9 25:24 (חֶבֶר), Wis.7:3, al.;]
1. common (general; = Lat. communis): Act.2:44 4:32; κ. πίστις, Tit.1:4; σωτηρία, Ju 3
2. common (ordinary; = vulgaris); hence in LXX (1Ma.1:47, al.) and NT, unhallowed, unclean (cl., βέβηλος, which see): Mrk.7:2, 5, Act.10:14, 28 11:8, Rom.14:14, Heb.10:29, Rev.21:27.†
(AS)
[in LXX: Pro.1:14 (אֶחָד) Pro.21:9 25:24 (חֶבֶר), Wis.7:3, al.;]
1. common (general; = Lat. communis): Act.2:44 4:32; κ. πίστις, Tit.1:4; σωτηρία, Ju 3
2. common (ordinary; = vulgaris); hence in LXX (1Ma.1:47, al.) and NT, unhallowed, unclean (cl., βέβηλος, which see): Mrk.7:2, 5, Act.10:14, 28 11:8, Rom.14:14, Heb.10:29, Rev.21:27.†
(AS)
In the Bible
Strong G2839H appears in 4 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- common4
First verses
- Acts 2:44And all that believed were together, and had all things common;
- Acts 4:32And the multitude of them that believed were of one heart and of one soul: neither said any of them that ought of the things which he possessed was his own; but they had all things common.
- Titus 1:4To Titus, mine own son after the common faith: Grace, mercy, and peace, from God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ our Saviour.
- Jude 1:3Beloved, when I gave all diligence to write unto you of the common salvation, it was needful for me to write unto you, and exhort you that ye should earnestly contend for the faith which was once delivered unto the saints.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
κοινός, ή, όν,
also ός, όν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 207 (Lyric poetry))]:— common (opposed to ἴδιος), not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (see. ξυνός))]; ἐκ κοινοῦ shared in common, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 723; ἔσται γὰρ βίος ἐκ κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 610)]; of a common altar, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 140; τὸ τέμενος εἶναι κ. “SIG” 1044.29 (Halic., 4th-3rd c.BC))]; κ. ἔρχεται κῦμ᾽ Ἀΐδα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.30)]; τρεῖς.. κ. ὄμμ᾽ ἐκτημέναι, of the Gorgons, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 795)]; κ. ὠφέλημα θνητοῖσιν φανείς, of Prometheus,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 613; τὰς γυναῖκας εἶναι κοινάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 457d: proverbial, κοινὸν τύχη 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 389, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 356; κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 735 (troch.), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 279c, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 9, etc.)]; κ. Ἑρμῆς 'share the luck', [Refs ([prev. author] “Epit.” 67, 100)]; κ. ἀρωγά common aid (i.e. for all), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1145 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν δὲ κοινὸς ἀρσένων ἴτω κλαγγά and let the shouts of males rise jointly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Tr.” 207 (Lyric poetry); κ. πόλεμον πολεμεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 2.8; τὸν ἀέρα τὸν κ. 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 531.8; κ. τὸν ᾅδην ἔσχον οἱ πάντες βροτοί [prev. author] 538.8; κ. ἀγαθὸν τοῦτ᾽ ἐστί, χρηστὸς εὐτυχῶν [prev. author] 791: with _dative_, κ. τινί)] common to or with another, ὑμῖν φῶς.. καὶ τοῖσδ᾽ ἅπασι κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 523; ὁ δαίμων κ. ἦν ἀμφοῖν ἅμα [prev. author] “Th.” 812; θάλατταν κ. ἐᾶν τοῖς ἡττημένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 3.19; οἰκία.. κοινοτάτη ἀεὶ τῷ δεομένῳ [prev. author] 1.147)]; [πολιτεία] τίς κοινοτάτ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289b14, compare 1265b29; κοινόν τι χαρᾷ καὶ λύπῃ δάκρυα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.32; τὸν ἥλιον τὸν κ. ἡμῖν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 611: with _genitive_, πάντων αἰθὴρ κ. φάος εἱλίσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 1092 (_anapaest meter_), compare “Pers.” 132 (Lyric poetry), “Eu.” 109, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.32)]; κ. τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τε καὶ Ἀθηναίων shared in by both.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 241c, etc.: with Preps., τὸ ἐπὶ πᾶσι κ.)], see below see; κ. κατ᾽ ἀμφοτέρων [Refs 1st c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 144.19; οὐ γίγνεταί μοί τι κ. πρός τινα “Anthologia Graeca” 11.141 (1st c.AD: Lucillius Epigrammaticus), compare 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “de Mysteriis” 5.7)]; μέρος κ. πρός τινα shared with.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“CPR” 22.11 (2nd c.AD))], etc.; κ. μεταξύ τινων [Refs 5th c.AD+ (“Stud.Pal.” 1.7 ii 11 (5th c.AD).)]
II in social and political relations, public, general, τὸ κ. ἀγαθόν the common weal, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.90; κ. λόγῳ [prev. author] 5.37, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141)]; κ. στόλῳ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 170; ἀδικήματα 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.45; ὁ τῆς πόλεως κ. δήμιος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 872b)]; κοινότατον of public or general interest,[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 724b, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1354b29)]; of constitutions, popular, free, κοινοτέραν εἶναι τὴν ἐκείνου μοναρχίαν τῆς αὑτῶν δημοκρατίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.36.)]
II.2 τὸ κ. the state, τὸ κ. Σπαρτιητέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.67: _absolutely_, of one's own state, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 208, etc.; τὸ κ. ὠφελεῖται 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.2.3, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.20; τὰς ὠφελείας ἅπασιν εἰς τὸ κ. ἀπεδίδου 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.36.)]
II.2.b especially of leagues or federations, τὸ κ. τῶν Ἰώνων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.109; τῶν συμμάχων 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 14.21; τῶν Βοιωτῶν “SIG” 457.10 (Thespiae, 3rd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 20.6.1 (_plural_))], etc.; ἄνευ τοῦ πάντων κοινοῦ (i.e. τῶν Θεσσαλῶν) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.78)]; also, of private associations, [Refs (Test.Epict. 1.22, “SIG” 1113 (from Loryma), +others)]; of guilds or corporations, τὸ κ. τῶν τεκτόνων [Refs 4th c.AD+ (“POxy.” 53.2 (4th c.AD))]; of boards of magistrates, τὸ κ. τῶν ἀρχόντων [Refs 3rd c.AD+ ([prev. work] 54.12 (3rd c.AD).)]
II.2.c the government, public authorities, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.90, 2.12, etc.; τὰ κ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.156; ἀπαγγεῖλαι ἐπὶ τὰ κ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.37)]; ἀπὸ τοῦ κ. by public authority, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.85, 8.135)]; σὺν τῷ κ. by common consent, [Refs ([prev. author] 9.87.)]
II.2.d the public treasury, χρημάτων μεγάλων ἐν τῷ κ. γενομένων [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.144; ἐν τῷ κ. καὶ ἐν τοῖς ίεροῖς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.6, compare 17; χρήματα δοῦναι ἐκ τοῦ κ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.87)]; ἔχειν ἐν κοινῷ (without the Article), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.80, cf. Scholia (at [prev. work]))]
II.2.e common right or rights of citizens, τὸ κ. τὸ τῶν πολιτῶν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1283b41.)]
II.3 τὰ κ. public affairs: πρὸς τὰ κ. προσελθεῖν, προσιέναι, to enter public life, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.257, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.165)]; but also, the public money, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 569, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.23 (in full, τὰ κ. χρήματα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.5.34, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1271b11))]; τὰ κ. τῆς πόλεως, opposed to τὰ ἁγνά, [Refs (“BMus.Inscription” 4.481)]*.383; ἀπὸ κοινοῦ at the public expense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.7.27, 5.1.12; ἐκ κοινοῦ φαγεῖν 3rd c.BC: Euphro Comicus 8.4, compare 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 230)]; ἐκ κ. from common funds, at joint expense, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (PGrenf. 1.21.19 (2nd c.BC).)]
III common, ordinary, τὰ κ. εἰδέναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Axiochus” 366b; διὰ τῶν κ. ποιεῖσθαι τὰς πίστεις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1355a27)]; κοινοτάτη τῶν αἰσθήσεων [ἡ ἁφή] [Refs ([prev. author] “EN” 1118b1)]; τὰ κ. commonplaces, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 27, “Epit.” 309; so κ. τόπος 2nd c.AD: Hermogenes Rhetor “προγυμνάσματα” 6, 4th-5th c.AD: Aphthonius Rhetor “Προγυμνάσματα - Rhet.” 7)]; ἡ κ. ἔννοια or ἐπίνοια, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.62.2, 6.5.2)]; κ. νοῦς, φρένες, common sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.37 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, 202 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]; κ. καὶ διήκουσαι κακίαι general and all-pervading vices, [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Sign.” 28; κ. καὶ δημώδη ὀνόματα 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 40.2; κ. καὶ ἐν μέσῳ κείμενα ὀνόματα 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Lysia” 3)]; ἡ κ. διάλεκτος every-day language (free from archaisms and far-fetched expressions), [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Isoc.” 2; πεφευγὼς τὸ κ. 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Acad. Ind.” p.53 M.)]
III.2 Grammars, ordinary, 'regular' Greek, opposed to special dialects, διάλεκτοί εἰσι πέντε, Ἀτθὶς Δωρὶς Αἰολὶς Ἰὰς καὶ κ. [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (Scholia 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus p.14 H., compare 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 1.16, 4th c.AD(?): Theodosius Alexandrinus Grammaticus “Canones - Grammatici Graeci, pars” p.37)] H., etc.; ἡ κ. alone, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Conjunctionibus;” 223.24)]; τὸ κ. ἔθος, ἡ κ. ἐκφορά, [Refs ([prev. author] “Adv.” 155.10, “Pron.” 4.27)]; οἱ κ. the writers who use this language,[Refs (Scholia 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus p.469 H., “Etymologicum Magnum” 405.23.)]
III.2.b colloquial, vulgar Greek, Moer.[Refs (pp.201 (_comparative_, probably to be read instead of καιν-), 243 P., +others)]
III.2.c ἡ κ. διάλεκτος demotic Egyptian, Manethoap. [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “contra Apionem” 1.14.)]
III.3 common, of inferior quality, χρυσός [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 905.5 (2nd c.AD), 1273.6 (3rd c.AD).)]
III.4 in magical formulae, of words added at will by the user, 'and so forth', frequently in Papyrus, [Refs (“PMag.Osl.” 1.255, “PMag.Par.” 1.273, +others; κοινὰ ὅσα θέλεις [prev. work]2.53; ὁ κ. λόγος “PMag.Lond.” 46.435)]; compare κοινολογία.
IV of Persons, connected by common origin or kindred, especiallyof brothers and sisters, κ. σπέρμα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.92, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 261, “OC” 535 (Lyric poetry); κ. αἷμα [prev. author] “Ant.” 202, compare 1)]; κ. πατήρ, μήτηρ, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PAmh.” 2.152.9 (5th-6th c.AD), “PFlor.” 47.11 (3rd c.AD))]; also κ. Χάριτες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.50.)]
IV.2 one who shares in a thing, partner, ἐν θύμασιν κ. ποεῖσθαί τινα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 240; κ. ἐν κοινοῖσι λυπεῖσθαι [prev. author] “Aj.” 267, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 917)]; also κ. τῷ θεῷ belonging in part to the god (who claims tithe of his substance), [Refs (“Berl.Sitzb.” 1927.161 (from Cyrene).)]
IV.3 lending a ready ear to all, impartial, μὴ οὐ κ. ἀποβῆτε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.53)]; neutral,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 68; κοινοὺς τῷ τε διώκοντι καὶ τῷ φεύγοντι 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 15.1; μέτριος καὶ κ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 6.3)]; κοινοί, οἱ, arbitrators, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“GDI” 1832.10 (Delph.); κ. μεσίτης “PStrassb.” 41.14 (3rd c.AD))]; of a capital city, δεῖ.. κοινὴν εἶναι τῶν τόπων ἁπάντων easily accessible on all sides, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1327a6.)]
IV.3.b courteous, affable, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.9; κ. ἅπασι γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.80; τῇ πρὸς πάντας φιλανθρωπίᾳ κ. 4th-3rd c.BC: Demochares Historicus 2 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus; ἔχειν τὰς κ. φρένας 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.202 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]
IV.3.c in bad sense, κοινή, ἡ, prostitute, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 119.30, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “Hist.Phil.” 12 (_plural_).)]
IV.3.d of events, κοινότεραι τύχαι more impartial, i.e. more equal, chances, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.102)]; ἔστιν ἐν τῷ κ. πᾶσι with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.6.)]
V in Logic, general, universal, τὸ κ. λαμβάνειν περί τινων, τὸ ἐπὶ πᾶσι κ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 185b, 185c; τὰ κ. λεγόμενα ἀξιώματα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 76b14; αἱ κ. ἀρχαί [prev. work] 88a36)]; κ. ἔννοιαι axioms, heading in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra)]; general, κ. ὅρος [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b6)]; κοινὰ καὶ στοιχειώδη general principles, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.69 S)].; κ. σημεῖον, opposed to ἴδιον, [Refs ([prev. author] “Sign.” 14)]; κ. κρίσις objectively valid judgement, [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Po.” 5.22; ὄνομα κ. 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 10.2.10)]; abstract, ὁ κ. ἄνθρωπος καὶ λογισμῷ ληπτός [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 341.)]
VI Grammars,
VI.1 κ. συλλαβή common syllable, capable of being long or short, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 633.17, 7th c.AD: Hephaestio Grammaticus 1.4.)]
VI.1.b κ. ποιήματα, poems which are both κατὰ στίχον and συστηματικά, e.g. the Sapphic stanza, [Refs ([prev. author] pp.58,59)] C.; also, poems of ambiguous metrical form, [Refs ([prev. author] p.60 C.)]
VI.2 see.above[Refs (111.2.)]
VI.3 of gender, κ. γένος [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 634.19)]; of nouns, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 30.7, +others, “Etymologicum Magnum” 143.33, 305.19, etc.)]
VI.4 ἀπὸ κοινοῦ λαμβάνειν, of two clauses taking a word in common, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 122.14, +others; κοινὸν or ἐκ κοινοῦ παραλαμβάνεσθαι, [prev. work] 20, 28, +others)]
VII of forbidden meats, common, profane, φαγεῖν κ. καὶ ἀκάθαρτον [NT (NT.Act.10.14, cf. NT.Rom.14.14; κ. χερσὶ ἐσθίειν NT.Mark.7.2.)]
VIII κοινόν, τό, name of an eye-salve, [Refs (“CIL” 13.10021.3, +others)]
B adverb κοινῶς in common, jointly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1462; τὰ κοινὰ κ. δεῖ φέρειν συμπτώματα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 817: _comparative_, ἐν Κρήτῃ -οτέρως [ἔχει τὰ τῶν συσσιτίων] 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1272a16.)]
B.2 publicly, κ. μᾶλλον ὠφέλησαν ἢ ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων ἔβλαψαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.42, etc.)]
B.3 sociably, like other citizens, οὐδὲ κ. οὐδὲ πολιτικῶς ἐβίωσαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.151; ἴσως καὶ κ. πρός τινα προσφέρεσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1430a1; κ. καὶ φιλικῶς 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Antonius” 33)]; μετρίως καὶ κ. ὰσπάζεσθαι [Refs ([prev. author] “Arat.” 43.)]
B.4 in general, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Diphilus Siphnius Rerum Naturalium Scriptor cited in 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.81a)]; ἡ κ. σύνεσις, τὸ κ. ἄνθρωπον”, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “περὶ κακιῶν ί” p.34J., “Mort.” 38)]; opposed to ἰδίως, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Demetrius Lacon Philosophus “Herc.” 1014.41, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Marcellus” 8, compare 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 15.1; κοινότερον εἰπεῖν 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.256 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]; -οτέρως [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus “fragment” 93.)]
B.5 in the common dialect, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 82.27, +others)]: comparative -ότερον [Refs ([prev. author] “Synt.” 159.5.)]
B.6 in plain language, opposed to σοφιστικῶς, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.659f)]; in the ordinary or wide sense, opposed to κυρίως, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Aristotelis Analyticorum Posteriorum paraphrasis - pars” 5.5)]: comparative, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 2.10.)]
B.II feminine dative κοινῇ; Doric dialect κοινᾷ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 56.11 (Argos, 5th c.BC))]; Boeotian dialect κυνῆ [Refs 2nd c.BC+ ([prev. work]635.31 (Acraeph., 2nd c.BC))]:—in common, by common consent, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.148, 3.79, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 606, “OC” 1339, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 731, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.3, etc.; κ. πᾶσι καὶ χωρίς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1278b23, compare “Ath.” 40.3)]; κ. μετά τινος, κ. σύν τινι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 209c, “SIG” 346.27 (4th c.BC), 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.6.14, etc.; ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ κ. 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 291: also _neuter_ _plural_ κοινά 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 546.)]
B.II.2 publicly, καὶ κ. καὶ ἰδίᾳ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.2.10, “Mem.” 2.1.12, etc.)]
B.II.3 as preposition with dative, together with, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1228, “Hel.” 829, “fragment” 823.)]
B.III with Preps., εἰς κοινόν in common, in public, ὑμῖν τῇδέ τ᾽ ἐς κ. φράσω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 844; πᾶσιν ἐς κ. λέγω [prev. author] “Eu.” 408, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 457 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 796e; εἰς κ. γνώμην ἀποφαίνεσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.156)]; εἰς τὸ κ. λέγειν, ἀγορεύειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 165a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.6.27)]; εἰς τὸ κ. for public use, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 681c.)]
B.III.2 ἀπὸ κοινοῦ, ἐκ κοινοῦ, see.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.1, 11.3, VI.4.)]
B.III.3 ἀφεῖσαν ἐν κοινῷ ζητεῖν, Latin rem in medio reliquerunt, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b14)]; but οἱ ἐν κ. γιγνόμενοι λόγοι, ={οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λόγοι}, [Refs ([prev. author] “de An.” 407b29.)]
B.III.4 κατὰ κοινόν, opposed to κατ᾽ ἰδίαν, jointly, in common, Legal cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.94, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.3.5; probably to be read instead of κατὰ κοινοῦ [prev. author] 11.30.3.)]
also ός, όν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 207 (Lyric poetry))]:— common (opposed to ἴδιος), not in [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus (see. ξυνός))]; ἐκ κοινοῦ shared in common, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 723; ἔσται γὰρ βίος ἐκ κ. 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 610)]; of a common altar, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Simonides Lyricus 140; τὸ τέμενος εἶναι κ. “SIG” 1044.29 (Halic., 4th-3rd c.BC))]; κ. ἔρχεται κῦμ᾽ Ἀΐδα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 7.30)]; τρεῖς.. κ. ὄμμ᾽ ἐκτημέναι, of the Gorgons, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 795)]; κ. ὠφέλημα θνητοῖσιν φανείς, of Prometheus,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 613; τὰς γυναῖκας εἶναι κοινάς 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Respublica” 457d: proverbial, κοινὸν τύχη 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Fragmenta - American Journal of Philology” 389, compare 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 356; κοινὰ τὰ τῶν φίλων 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Orestes” 735 (troch.), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Phaedrus” 279c, 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 9, etc.)]; κ. Ἑρμῆς 'share the luck', [Refs ([prev. author] “Epit.” 67, 100)]; κ. ἀρωγά common aid (i.e. for all), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 1145 (Lyric poetry))]; ἐν δὲ κοινὸς ἀρσένων ἴτω κλαγγά and let the shouts of males rise jointly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Tr.” 207 (Lyric poetry); κ. πόλεμον πολεμεῖν 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Hiero” 2.8; τὸν ἀέρα τὸν κ. 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 531.8; κ. τὸν ᾅδην ἔσχον οἱ πάντες βροτοί [prev. author] 538.8; κ. ἀγαθὸν τοῦτ᾽ ἐστί, χρηστὸς εὐτυχῶν [prev. author] 791: with _dative_, κ. τινί)] common to or with another, ὑμῖν φῶς.. καὶ τοῖσδ᾽ ἅπασι κ. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 523; ὁ δαίμων κ. ἦν ἀμφοῖν ἅμα [prev. author] “Th.” 812; θάλατταν κ. ἐᾶν τοῖς ἡττημένοις 5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 3.19; οἰκία.. κοινοτάτη ἀεὶ τῷ δεομένῳ [prev. author] 1.147)]; [πολιτεία] τίς κοινοτάτ; [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289b14, compare 1265b29; κοινόν τι χαρᾷ καὶ λύπῃ δάκρυα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.1.32; τὸν ἥλιον τὸν κ. ἡμῖν 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 611: with _genitive_, πάντων αἰθὴρ κ. φάος εἱλίσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 1092 (_anapaest meter_), compare “Pers.” 132 (Lyric poetry), “Eu.” 109, 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “N.” 1.32)]; κ. τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τε καὶ Ἀθηναίων shared in by both.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Menexenus” 241c, etc.: with Preps., τὸ ἐπὶ πᾶσι κ.)], see below see; κ. κατ᾽ ἀμφοτέρων [Refs 1st c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 144.19; οὐ γίγνεταί μοί τι κ. πρός τινα “Anthologia Graeca” 11.141 (1st c.AD: Lucillius Epigrammaticus), compare 4th c.AD: Iamblichus Philosophus “de Mysteriis” 5.7)]; μέρος κ. πρός τινα shared with.., [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“CPR” 22.11 (2nd c.AD))], etc.; κ. μεταξύ τινων [Refs 5th c.AD+ (“Stud.Pal.” 1.7 ii 11 (5th c.AD).)]
II in social and political relations, public, general, τὸ κ. ἀγαθόν the common weal, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.90; κ. λόγῳ [prev. author] 5.37, 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.141)]; κ. στόλῳ[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 170; ἀδικήματα 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.45; ὁ τῆς πόλεως κ. δήμιος 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 872b)]; κοινότατον of public or general interest,[Refs 4th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 724b, compare 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1354b29)]; of constitutions, popular, free, κοινοτέραν εἶναι τὴν ἐκείνου μοναρχίαν τῆς αὑτῶν δημοκρατίας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.36.)]
II.2 τὸ κ. the state, τὸ κ. Σπαρτιητέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.67: _absolutely_, of one's own state, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 208, etc.; τὸ κ. ὠφελεῖται 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.2.3, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.2.20; τὰς ὠφελείας ἅπασιν εἰς τὸ κ. ἀπεδίδου 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.36.)]
II.2.b especially of leagues or federations, τὸ κ. τῶν Ἰώνων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.109; τῶν συμμάχων 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 14.21; τῶν Βοιωτῶν “SIG” 457.10 (Thespiae, 3rd c.BC), 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 20.6.1 (_plural_))], etc.; ἄνευ τοῦ πάντων κοινοῦ (i.e. τῶν Θεσσαλῶν) [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.78)]; also, of private associations, [Refs (Test.Epict. 1.22, “SIG” 1113 (from Loryma), +others)]; of guilds or corporations, τὸ κ. τῶν τεκτόνων [Refs 4th c.AD+ (“POxy.” 53.2 (4th c.AD))]; of boards of magistrates, τὸ κ. τῶν ἀρχόντων [Refs 3rd c.AD+ ([prev. work] 54.12 (3rd c.AD).)]
II.2.c the government, public authorities, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.90, 2.12, etc.; τὰ κ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.156; ἀπαγγεῖλαι ἐπὶ τὰ κ. 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.37)]; ἀπὸ τοῦ κ. by public authority, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.85, 8.135)]; σὺν τῷ κ. by common consent, [Refs ([prev. author] 9.87.)]
II.2.d the public treasury, χρημάτων μεγάλων ἐν τῷ κ. γενομένων [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] 7.144; ἐν τῷ κ. καὶ ἐν τοῖς ίεροῖς 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 6.6, compare 17; χρήματα δοῦναι ἐκ τοῦ κ. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 9.87)]; ἔχειν ἐν κοινῷ (without the Article), [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.80, cf. Scholia (at [prev. work]))]
II.2.e common right or rights of citizens, τὸ κ. τὸ τῶν πολιτῶν [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1283b41.)]
II.3 τὰ κ. public affairs: πρὸς τὰ κ. προσελθεῖν, προσιέναι, to enter public life, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.257, 4th c.BC: Aeschines Orator 1.165)]; but also, the public money, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Plutus” 569, 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 8.23 (in full, τὰ κ. χρήματα 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 6.5.34, 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1271b11))]; τὰ κ. τῆς πόλεως, opposed to τὰ ἁγνά, [Refs (“BMus.Inscription” 4.481)]*.383; ἀπὸ κοινοῦ at the public expense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 4.7.27, 5.1.12; ἐκ κοινοῦ φαγεῖν 3rd c.BC: Euphro Comicus 8.4, compare 4th c.BC: Antiphanes Comicus 230)]; ἐκ κ. from common funds, at joint expense, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (PGrenf. 1.21.19 (2nd c.BC).)]
III common, ordinary, τὰ κ. εἰδέναι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Axiochus” 366b; διὰ τῶν κ. ποιεῖσθαι τὰς πίστεις 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica” 1355a27)]; κοινοτάτη τῶν αἰσθήσεων [ἡ ἁφή] [Refs ([prev. author] “EN” 1118b1)]; τὰ κ. commonplaces, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 27, “Epit.” 309; so κ. τόπος 2nd c.AD: Hermogenes Rhetor “προγυμνάσματα” 6, 4th-5th c.AD: Aphthonius Rhetor “Προγυμνάσματα - Rhet.” 7)]; ἡ κ. ἔννοια or ἐπίνοια, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 2.62.2, 6.5.2)]; κ. νοῦς, φρένες, common sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.37 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus, 202 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]; κ. καὶ διήκουσαι κακίαι general and all-pervading vices, [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Sign.” 28; κ. καὶ δημώδη ὀνόματα 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 40.2; κ. καὶ ἐν μέσῳ κείμενα ὀνόματα 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Lysia” 3)]; ἡ κ. διάλεκτος every-day language (free from archaisms and far-fetched expressions), [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Isoc.” 2; πεφευγὼς τὸ κ. 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Acad. Ind.” p.53 M.)]
III.2 Grammars, ordinary, 'regular' Greek, opposed to special dialects, διάλεκτοί εἰσι πέντε, Ἀτθὶς Δωρὶς Αἰολὶς Ἰὰς καὶ κ. [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (Scholia 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus p.14 H., compare 1st c.BC: Diodorus Siculus Historicus 1.16, 4th c.AD(?): Theodosius Alexandrinus Grammaticus “Canones - Grammatici Graeci, pars” p.37)] H., etc.; ἡ κ. alone, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Conjunctionibus;” 223.24)]; τὸ κ. ἔθος, ἡ κ. ἐκφορά, [Refs ([prev. author] “Adv.” 155.10, “Pron.” 4.27)]; οἱ κ. the writers who use this language,[Refs (Scholia 2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus p.469 H., “Etymologicum Magnum” 405.23.)]
III.2.b colloquial, vulgar Greek, Moer.[Refs (pp.201 (_comparative_, probably to be read instead of καιν-), 243 P., +others)]
III.2.c ἡ κ. διάλεκτος demotic Egyptian, Manethoap. [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus “contra Apionem” 1.14.)]
III.3 common, of inferior quality, χρυσός [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (“POxy.” 905.5 (2nd c.AD), 1273.6 (3rd c.AD).)]
III.4 in magical formulae, of words added at will by the user, 'and so forth', frequently in Papyrus, [Refs (“PMag.Osl.” 1.255, “PMag.Par.” 1.273, +others; κοινὰ ὅσα θέλεις [prev. work]2.53; ὁ κ. λόγος “PMag.Lond.” 46.435)]; compare κοινολογία.
IV of Persons, connected by common origin or kindred, especiallyof brothers and sisters, κ. σπέρμα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.92, compare 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 261, “OC” 535 (Lyric poetry); κ. αἷμα [prev. author] “Ant.” 202, compare 1)]; κ. πατήρ, μήτηρ, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PAmh.” 2.152.9 (5th-6th c.AD), “PFlor.” 47.11 (3rd c.AD))]; also κ. Χάριτες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 2.50.)]
IV.2 one who shares in a thing, partner, ἐν θύμασιν κ. ποεῖσθαί τινα [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 240; κ. ἐν κοινοῖσι λυπεῖσθαι [prev. author] “Aj.” 267, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Vespae” 917)]; also κ. τῷ θεῷ belonging in part to the god (who claims tithe of his substance), [Refs (“Berl.Sitzb.” 1927.161 (from Cyrene).)]
IV.3 lending a ready ear to all, impartial, μὴ οὐ κ. ἀποβῆτε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 3.53)]; neutral,[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 68; κοινοὺς τῷ τε διώκοντι καὶ τῷ φεύγοντι 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 15.1; μέτριος καὶ κ. 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Ἀθηναίων Πολιτεία” 6.3)]; κοινοί, οἱ, arbitrators, [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“GDI” 1832.10 (Delph.); κ. μεσίτης “PStrassb.” 41.14 (3rd c.AD))]; of a capital city, δεῖ.. κοινὴν εἶναι τῶν τόπων ἁπάντων easily accessible on all sides, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1327a6.)]
IV.3.b courteous, affable, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Cynegeticus” 13.9; κ. ἅπασι γενέσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 5.80; τῇ πρὸς πάντας φιλανθρωπίᾳ κ. 4th-3rd c.BC: Demochares Historicus 2 1st c.AD: Josephus Historicus; ἔχειν τὰς κ. φρένας 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.202 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]
IV.3.c in bad sense, κοινή, ἡ, prostitute, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Vettius Valens Astrologus 119.30, 3rd c.AD: Porphyrius Tyrius Philosophus “Hist.Phil.” 12 (_plural_).)]
IV.3.d of events, κοινότεραι τύχαι more impartial, i.e. more equal, chances, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 5.102)]; ἔστιν ἐν τῷ κ. πᾶσι with infinitive, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 2.6.)]
V in Logic, general, universal, τὸ κ. λαμβάνειν περί τινων, τὸ ἐπὶ πᾶσι κ., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 185b, 185c; τὰ κ. λεγόμενα ἀξιώματα 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Analytica Posteriora” 76b14; αἱ κ. ἀρχαί [prev. work] 88a36)]; κ. ἔννοιαι axioms, heading in [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Euclides Geometra)]; general, κ. ὅρος [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b6)]; κοινὰ καὶ στοιχειώδη general principles, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.69 S)].; κ. σημεῖον, opposed to ἴδιον, [Refs ([prev. author] “Sign.” 14)]; κ. κρίσις objectively valid judgement, [Refs 1st c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Po.” 5.22; ὄνομα κ. 1st c.BC-1st c.AD: Strabo Geographus 10.2.10)]; abstract, ὁ κ. ἄνθρωπος καὶ λογισμῷ ληπτός [Refs 5th c.AD+ (5th-6th c.AD: Damascius Philosophus “de Principiis” 341.)]
VI Grammars,
VI.1 κ. συλλαβή common syllable, capable of being long or short, [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 633.17, 7th c.AD: Hephaestio Grammaticus 1.4.)]
VI.1.b κ. ποιήματα, poems which are both κατὰ στίχον and συστηματικά, e.g. the Sapphic stanza, [Refs ([prev. author] pp.58,59)] C.; also, poems of ambiguous metrical form, [Refs ([prev. author] p.60 C.)]
VI.2 see.above[Refs (111.2.)]
VI.3 of gender, κ. γένος [Refs 2nd c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Dionysius Thrax Grammaticus 634.19)]; of nouns, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 30.7, +others, “Etymologicum Magnum” 143.33, 305.19, etc.)]
VI.4 ἀπὸ κοινοῦ λαμβάνειν, of two clauses taking a word in common, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Syntaxi;” 122.14, +others; κοινὸν or ἐκ κοινοῦ παραλαμβάνεσθαι, [prev. work] 20, 28, +others)]
VII of forbidden meats, common, profane, φαγεῖν κ. καὶ ἀκάθαρτον [NT (NT.Act.10.14, cf. NT.Rom.14.14; κ. χερσὶ ἐσθίειν NT.Mark.7.2.)]
VIII κοινόν, τό, name of an eye-salve, [Refs (“CIL” 13.10021.3, +others)]
B adverb κοινῶς in common, jointly, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1462; τὰ κοινὰ κ. δεῖ φέρειν συμπτώματα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus 817: _comparative_, ἐν Κρήτῃ -οτέρως [ἔχει τὰ τῶν συσσιτίων] 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1272a16.)]
B.2 publicly, κ. μᾶλλον ὠφέλησαν ἢ ἐκ τῶν ἰδίων ἔβλαψαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.42, etc.)]
B.3 sociably, like other citizens, οὐδὲ κ. οὐδὲ πολιτικῶς ἐβίωσαν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 4.151; ἴσως καὶ κ. πρός τινα προσφέρεσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1430a1; κ. καὶ φιλικῶς 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Antonius” 33)]; μετρίως καὶ κ. ὰσπάζεσθαι [Refs ([prev. author] “Arat.” 43.)]
B.4 in general, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Diphilus Siphnius Rerum Naturalium Scriptor cited in 2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 3.81a)]; ἡ κ. σύνεσις, τὸ κ. ἄνθρωπον”, [Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Philodemus Philosophus “περὶ κακιῶν ί” p.34J., “Mort.” 38)]; opposed to ἰδίως, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (2nd c.BC: Demetrius Lacon Philosophus “Herc.” 1014.41, 1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus “Marcellus” 8, compare 3rd c.AD: Longinus Rhetor 15.1; κοινότερον εἰπεῖν 1st c.BC: Philodemus Gadarensis Epigrammaticus “Rh.” 1.256 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus)]; -οτέρως [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Oribasius Medicus “fragment” 93.)]
B.5 in the common dialect, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Apollonius Dyscolus Grammaticus “de Pronominibus;” 82.27, +others)]: comparative -ότερον [Refs ([prev. author] “Synt.” 159.5.)]
B.6 in plain language, opposed to σοφιστικῶς, [Refs 1st c.AD+ (1st-2nd c.AD: Plutarchus Biographus et Philosophus 2.659f)]; in the ordinary or wide sense, opposed to κυρίως, [Refs 4th c.AD+ (4th c.AD: Themistius Sophista “Aristotelis Analyticorum Posteriorum paraphrasis - pars” 5.5)]: comparative, [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Marcus Antoninus Imperator 2.10.)]
B.II feminine dative κοινῇ; Doric dialect κοινᾷ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (“SIG” 56.11 (Argos, 5th c.BC))]; Boeotian dialect κυνῆ [Refs 2nd c.BC+ ([prev. work]635.31 (Acraeph., 2nd c.BC))]:—in common, by common consent, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.148, 3.79, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 606, “OC” 1339, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Hippolytus” 731, 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 1.3, etc.; κ. πᾶσι καὶ χωρίς 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1278b23, compare “Ath.” 40.3)]; κ. μετά τινος, κ. σύν τινι, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Symposium” 209c, “SIG” 346.27 (4th c.BC), 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 1.6.14, etc.; ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ κ. 2nd c.AD: Alexander Rhetor 291: also _neuter_ _plural_ κοινά 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Antigone” 546.)]
B.II.2 publicly, καὶ κ. καὶ ἰδίᾳ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 1.2.10, “Mem.” 2.1.12, etc.)]
B.II.3 as preposition with dative, together with, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 1228, “Hel.” 829, “fragment” 823.)]
B.III with Preps., εἰς κοινόν in common, in public, ὑμῖν τῇδέ τ᾽ ἐς κ. φράσω [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 844; πᾶσιν ἐς κ. λέγω [prev. author] “Eu.” 408, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Aves” 457 (Lyric poetry), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 796e; εἰς κ. γνώμην ἀποφαίνεσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 19.156)]; εἰς τὸ κ. λέγειν, ἀγορεύειν, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 165a, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.6.27)]; εἰς τὸ κ. for public use, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 681c.)]
B.III.2 ἀπὸ κοινοῦ, ἐκ κοινοῦ, see.[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus 1.1, 11.3, VI.4.)]
B.III.3 ἀφεῖσαν ἐν κοινῷ ζητεῖν, Latin rem in medio reliquerunt, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Metaphysica” 987b14)]; but οἱ ἐν κ. γιγνόμενοι λόγοι, ={οἱ ἐξωτερικοὶ λόγοι}, [Refs ([prev. author] “de An.” 407b29.)]
B.III.4 κατὰ κοινόν, opposed to κατ᾽ ἰδίαν, jointly, in common, Legal cited in [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.94, 2nd c.BC: Polybius Historicus 4.3.5; probably to be read instead of κατὰ κοινοῦ [prev. author] 11.30.3.)]