English Standard Version
Exodus 10:20
20But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go.
Exodus 10:20 in other versions
- King James Version (KJV)But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, so that he would not let the children of Israel go.
- New International Version (NIV)But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he would not let the Israelites go.
- New King James Version (NKJV)But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart, and he did not let the children of Israel go.
- New Living Translation (NLT)But the Lord hardened Pharaoh’s heart again, so he refused to let the people go.
Context of Exodus 10:20
18So he went out from Pharaoh and pleaded with the Lord. 19And the Lord turned the wind into a very strong west wind, which lifted the locusts and drove them into the Red Sea. Not a single locust was left in all the country of Egypt. But the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go. 21Then the Lord said to Moses, "Stretch out your hand toward heaven, that there may be darkness over the land of Egypt, a darkness to be felt." 22So Moses stretched out his hand toward heaven, and there was pitch darkness in all the land of Egypt three days.
Read all of Exodus 10Exodus 10:20 word by word
וַיְחַזֵּ֥ק יְהוָ֖ה אֶת־לֵ֣ב פַּרְעֹ֑ה וְלֹ֥א שִׁלַּ֖ח אֶת־בְּנֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ פRead the interlinear
Words taken from the KJV.
- But the Lordיְהֹוָהyehôvâh · LORDH3068
- hardenedחָזַקchâzaq · to strengthen: strengthenH2388
- Pharaoh’sפַּרְעֹהpar‛ôh · PharaohH6547
- heartלֵבlêb · heartH3820
- so that he would not let the childrenבֵּןbên · son: descendant/peopleH1121
- of Israelיִשְׂרָאֵלyiώrâ'êl · IsraelH3478
- goשָׁלַחshâlach · to send: let goH7971
Cross-references for Exodus 10:20
- Exodus 4:21And the Lord said to Moses, "When you go back to Egypt, see that you do before Pharaoh all the miracles that I have put in your power. But I will harden his heart, so that he will not let the people go.
- Exodus 7:13Still Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he would not listen to them, as the Lord had said.
- Exodus 9:12But the Lord hardened the heart of Pharaoh, and he did not listen to them, as the Lord had spoken to Moses.
- Exodus 11:10Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh, and the Lord hardened Pharaoh's heart, and he did not let the people of Israel go out of his land.
- Deuteronomy 2:30But Sihon the king of Heshbon would not let us pass by him, for the Lord your God hardened his spirit and made his heart obstinate, that he might give him into your hand, as he is this day.
- Isaiah 6:9And he said, "Go, and say to this people: "'Keep on hearing, but do not understand; keep on seeing, but do not perceive.'
- John 12:39Therefore they could not believe. For again Isaiah said,
- Romans 9:18So then he has mercy on whomever he wills, and he hardens whomever he wills.
- 2 Thessalonians 2:11Therefore God sends them a strong delusion, so that they may believe what is false,
Commentaries on Exodus 10:20
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary · v. 12-20Verses 12-20 God bids Moses stretch out his hand; locusts came at the call. An army might more easily have been resisted than this host of insects. Who then is able to stand before the great God? They covered the face of the earth, and ate up the fruit of it. Herbs grow for the service of man; yet when God pleases, insects shall plunder him, and eat the bread out of his mouth. Let our labour be, not for the habitation and meat thus exposed, but for those…Read the comment
- Tyndale Open Study Notes · v. 1-20The eighth plague was the plague of locusts (10:4). Enough time had passed since the previous plague for the wheat and spelt to sprout (see 9:32). The Egyptian god Osiris was highly honored by the people in Egypt. Egyptians believed he went down into the underworld and brought plant life back in the spring. For them, he was connected with renewal and life after death. This second and climactic attack on plant life showed that even Osiris had no power…Read the comment
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary · v. 1-201. show these my signs, &c.--Sinners even of the worst description are to be admonished even though there may be little hope of amendment, and hence those striking miracles that carried so clear and conclusive demonstration of the being and character of the true God were performed in lengthened series before Pharaoh to leave him without excuse when judgment should be finally executed.Read the comment
Topics related to Exodus 10:20
In the dictionaries
Commentaries on Exodus 10
- Adam Clarke Bible Commentary
- Barnes’ Notes on the Bible
- Matthew Henry Concise Commentary
- Tyndale Open Study Notes
- Jamieson–Fausset–Brown Commentary
- Rashi on Tanakh
- Calvin’s Commentaries
- Keil & Delitzsch Commentary
- John Wesley’s Notes
- Darby Translation Notes
- Geneva Bible Translation Notes
- Kingcomments
- Matthew Henry’s Complete Commentary
- Matthew Henry’s Modern English Commentary
- Scofield Reference Notes, 1917 Edition
- Seventh-day Adventist Bible Commentary
- EGW Writings
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Commentaries