Strong G5442G5442Hφυλάσσω
to keep/guard: guard
One of the 3 senses of Strong G5442
- Transliteration
- phulassō
- Pronunciation
- foo-las'-so
- Morphology
- Greek Verb
Definition
Detailed definition
φυλάσσω
[in LXX chiefly and very frequently for שָׁמַר, also for נָצַר, etc.;]
to guard, watch;
__(a) to guard or watch: with cogn. accusative, φυλακάς, Luk.2:8; with accusative of person(s), Act.12:4 28:16; pass., Luk.8:29, Act.23:35; with accusative of thing(s), Act.22:20;
__(b) to guard or protect: with accusative, Luk.11:21, Jhn.12:25 17:12, 2Th.3:3, 1Ti.6:20, 2Ti.1:12 1:14, 2Pe.2:5; ἑαυτὸν ἀπό, 1Jn.5:21 (Westc., in l); metaphorically of law, precept, etc., to keep, preserve, observe: Mat.19:20, Luk.11:28 18:21, Jhn.12:47, Act.7:53 16:4 21:24, Rom.2:26, Gal.6:13, 1Ti.5:21. Mid., to be on one's guard (against), keep oneself from, beware of: with accusative, Act.21:25, 2Ti.4:15; before ἀπό., Luk.12:15; ἵνα μή, 2Pe.3:17; as in LXX (Exo.12:17, Lev.18:4, al.), of laws, etc., to keep, observe: ταῦτα πάντα, Mrk.10:20 (cf. δια-φυάσσω).†
SYN.: τηρέω, q.v (AS)
[in LXX chiefly and very frequently for שָׁמַר, also for נָצַר, etc.;]
to guard, watch;
__(a) to guard or watch: with cogn. accusative, φυλακάς, Luk.2:8; with accusative of person(s), Act.12:4 28:16; pass., Luk.8:29, Act.23:35; with accusative of thing(s), Act.22:20;
__(b) to guard or protect: with accusative, Luk.11:21, Jhn.12:25 17:12, 2Th.3:3, 1Ti.6:20, 2Ti.1:12 1:14, 2Pe.2:5; ἑαυτὸν ἀπό, 1Jn.5:21 (Westc., in l); metaphorically of law, precept, etc., to keep, preserve, observe: Mat.19:20, Luk.11:28 18:21, Jhn.12:47, Act.7:53 16:4 21:24, Rom.2:26, Gal.6:13, 1Ti.5:21. Mid., to be on one's guard (against), keep oneself from, beware of: with accusative, Act.21:25, 2Ti.4:15; before ἀπό., Luk.12:15; ἵνα μή, 2Pe.3:17; as in LXX (Exo.12:17, Lev.18:4, al.), of laws, etc., to keep, observe: ταῦτα πάντα, Mrk.10:20 (cf. δια-φυάσσω).†
SYN.: τηρέω, q.v (AS)
In the Bible
Strong G5442H appears in 5 verses of the KJV.
Translated in the KJV by
- keep4
- keepeth1
First verses
- Luke 8:29(For he had commanded the unclean spirit to come out of the man. For oftentimes it had caught him: and he was kept bound with chains and in fetters; and he brake the bands, and was driven of the devil into the wilderness.)
- Luke 11:21When a strong man armed keepeth his palace, his goods are in peace:
- Acts 12:4And when he had apprehended him, he put him in prison, and delivered him to four quaternions of soldiers to keep him; intending after Easter to bring him forth to the people.
- Acts 23:35I will hear thee, said he, when thine accusers are also come. And he commanded him to be kept in Herod’s judgment hall.
- Acts 28:16And when we came to Rome, the centurion delivered the prisoners to the captain of the guard: but Paul was suffered to dwell by himself with a soldier that kept him.
Occurrences by book
Related words
Word family
Detailed Greek dictionary
φῠλάσσω,
Attic dialect φυλάττω, Epic dialect infinitive φυλασσέμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, 419)]; poetry imperfect φύλασσε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Pae.” 6.91)]: future φυλάξω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.195, etc.:)]aorist ἐφύλαξα, Epic dialect φύλ- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.686, etc.)]: perfect πεφύλᾰχα [LXX+5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 10.408f, (δια-) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.6.3 (-πεφυλακ- codices), 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.9 (-πεφυλακ- codices), (παρα-) 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 632a; πεφύλακα LXX.1Ki.25.21, 5th c.BC: Arg. Euripides Tragicus “Med.” (πεφυλακέναι and πεφυκέναι codices))]:—middle, future -άξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, etc.)]; also in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 48, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.9)]: aorist ἐφυλαξάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.130 (variant), 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7, etc.)]:—passive, future -αχθήσομαι[Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Ars Rhetorica” 5.6, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.426)]: aorist ἐφυλάχθην [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pisc.” 15)]: perfect πεφύλαγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.19 (_anapaest meter_), compare below with 1, 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 54.74 (in _passive_ sense))]; imperative, only in middle sense in early writers, πεφύλαξο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 797, Oracle texts cited in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; participle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.343, etc.)]
A absolutely, keep watch and ward, keep guard, especially by night, ἀνίη καὶ τὸ φυλάσσειν πάννυχον ἐγρήσσοντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.52; οὐδ᾽ ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, compare 419, 421)]; εἰ μέν κ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ δυσκηδέα νύκτα φυλάσσω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466, compare 22.195)]; (middle, see below c); σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.303; αὐτοῦ φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 243; τὴν μὲν ἡμέραν κατὰ διαδοχὴν φ. τὴν δὲ νύκτα καὶ ξύμπαντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.28; ἐφύλαττον περὶ τὰ βασίλεια 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.68; οἱ φυλάττοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.34)]; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.53; κατὰ θάλατταν ἐφύλαττεν ὅπως μηδὲν εἰσπλέοι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; φ. ἕως.. watch or wait till.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.15)]; φ. πηνίκα.. [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.308: with _accusative_ _cognate_, φυλακὰς φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.10, NT.Luke.2.8.)]
A.2 to be on one's guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.135.)]
B transitive, watch, guard, defend, ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.35, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.417, +others)]; σύας, μῆλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.593, 12.136; τὴν ἑωυτῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.46; πόλιν φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 136 (Lyric poetry), “IG” 12.108.46; πύλας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 950; σε φυλάττοι Ζεύς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 499 (_anapaest meter_); βρέτας ἧσαι φυλάσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 440)]; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.7 (but τὴν γραῦν φ. ἀπὸ τῶν κεραμίων)] keep away from.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 87))]: with accusative et infinitive, τοὐμὸν φυλάξει ὀ ὄνομα μὴ πάσχειν κακῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 667; ὁ νόμος φ. μὴ ἅπτεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 838b; φ. μηδένα περαιοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.17; φ. τὸ μηδὲν ἐναντίον γενέσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.313)]: followed by a relative clause, φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 480a; φύλαττέ με μὴ παρακρούσωμαί σε [prev. author] “Cra.” 393c)]; φ. τινά, εἰ.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Smp.” 220d)]:—passive, to be watched, kept under guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.4.27.)]
B.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.670; νόστον φ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.251)]; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 8; τοὺς πολεμίους 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.2; φ. τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.34)]; keep a watch on, [τινα] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.6; τοὺς παραβαίνοντας 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289a19.)]
B.2.b especially watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event, τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.48; φ. τὴν ἡμέραν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.37)]; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.3; φυλάσσουσι γραφόμενοι τὸ ἀποβαῖνον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82; τοὺς ἐτησίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.31)]: with a participle added, δείλην ὀψίην γινομένην φυλάξαντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.9: φ. Ξέρξην.. δεῖπνον προτιθέμενον [prev. author] 9.110)]; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώτας
D [Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.165: followed by a _relative_ clause, φ. ὅ τι χρήσεται.. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.12.)]
D.3 metaphorically, preserve, maintain, cherish, [χόλον] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.30; αἰδῶ καὶ φιλότητα 24.111; ὅρκια 3.280)]; φ. ἔπος observe a command,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (16.686; φ. ῥῆμα 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 2.9; τελετάς [prev. author] “O.” 3.41; νόμον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 616; τοὺς νόμους 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 292a, compare “Grg.” 461d, etc.; τὸ σὸν πιστόν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 626; τὰς συνθήκας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 17.20; τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια “POxy.” 905.9 (2nd c.AD))]; λόγον πρός τινα [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 56.21 (3rd c.AD, _passive_))]; φ. σιγήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 542)]; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 204)]; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1213 (Lyric poetry); ἄξια ἤθη 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 736; φ. τῇ μνήμῃ τὰ λεχθέντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 783c)]; φ. τὸν θυμόν[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 867a; τὴν τιμωρίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.40; φ. καὶ ταμιεύειν πάντα τινί 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.40; τὸ μέρος τοῖς θεοῖς 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.3.4)]; τἀγαθά, opposed to κτήσασθαι, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.23; μᾶλα ἐν κόλποισι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.120, compare 7.64; εἰ μὴ φυλάσσεις μίκρ᾽, ἀπολεῖς τὰ μείζονα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 172; ἀθάνατον ἔχθραν μὴ φύλαττε [prev. work] 4)]: with a predicate added, φ. τινά δεδεμένον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.47; ἀδέκαστον φ. τὴν διάνοιαν 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 34; ἀκύμααντον τὸ πέλαγος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMar.” 5.1:)] —passive, ὅσος παρ᾽ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 382.)]
D.4 keep in a place, continue in, τόδε δῶμα φυλάσσοις, ἀθάνατός τ᾽ εἴης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.208.)]
D.5 notice, observe, Ath. [prev. cited]
D.6 maintain, hold fast to a view, τινὰ σπουδαῖον εἶναι [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.9.)]
D.7 with accusative, beware of, avoid, ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).791.)]
D.8 φ. μὴ with subjunctive, take care lest.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 145 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 154d)]; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.276.)]
D.9 middle, φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., [LXX (LXX.Josh.23.11.)]
C middle,
C.I absolutely, to be on one's guard, keep watch, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 769; used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in participle, νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.188)]; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.343, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.5.9; φυλαττομένους πορεύεσθαι)]with caution, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.2.30, compare “Cyn.” 10.10.)]
C.I.2 with accusative, keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 263, 561)]; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ᾽ εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεο[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 491; φρεσί “hymnus ad Apollinem” 544, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.40; τὰ λελεγμένα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012.)]
C.I.3 guard, keep safe, καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο Oracle texts cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148.)]
C.I.4 with genitive, φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.11)]; beware of, τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 161 (Lyric poetry); Ἄρκτοι πεφυλαγμέναι ὠκεανοῖο 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 48; πεφύλαξο παντοίων ἀνέμων [prev. author] 930.)]
C.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 27, etc.: ταῦτα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 7.130, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 4)]; τινας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 715, 804; τοὺς Ἀτρείδας εἰσορῶν φυλάξομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 455; τέττιξ ποιμένας.. πεφυλαγμένος 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 16.95.)]
C.II.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.932.)]
C.II.2 φ. πρός τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.69; ἀπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.9, “HG” 7.2.10.)]
C.II.3 with infinitive, φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, compare 1st c.BC(?): Ocellus Lucanus Philosophus 4.13; φ. μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.11; φ. μηδένα βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7)]; but also without μή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.5; φ. τὸ λυπῆσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.258; φ. ὁρᾶσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 611a28, compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.70; λέγειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1441b20:—two constructions joined, δισσὰ γὰρ φυλάσσεται [ψυχή], φίλων τε μέμψιν κἀς θεοὺς ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.)]
C.II.4 φ. μή followed by subjunctive, take care lest.., τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 392, compare “Supp.” 498, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 67, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 257, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.16, etc.)]; so φ. ὅπως μή.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mem.” 1.2.37; ἃς ἐγὼ φυλάξομαι.. μὴ κατουρήσωσί μου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.2.14.)]
Attic dialect φυλάττω, Epic dialect infinitive φυλασσέμεναι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, 419)]; poetry imperfect φύλασσε [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “Pae.” 6.91)]: future φυλάξω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 22.195, etc.:)]aorist ἐφύλαξα, Epic dialect φύλ- [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.686, etc.)]: perfect πεφύλᾰχα [LXX+5th c.BC+ (2nd c.AD: Athenaeus Epigrammaticus 10.408f, (δια-) 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 8.6.3 (-πεφυλακ- codices), 4th-3rd c.BC: Dinarchus Orator 1.9 (-πεφυλακ- codices), (παρα-) 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 632a; πεφύλακα LXX.1Ki.25.21, 5th c.BC: Arg. Euripides Tragicus “Med.” (πεφυλακέναι and πεφυκέναι codices))]:—middle, future -άξομαι[Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, etc.)]; also in passive sense, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 48, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Oeconomicus” 4.9)]: aorist ἐφυλαξάμην [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.130 (variant), 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7, etc.)]:—passive, future -αχθήσομαι[Refs 1st c.BC+ (1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “Ars Rhetorica” 5.6, 2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 1.426)]: aorist ἐφυλάχθην [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “Pisc.” 15)]: perfect πεφύλαγμαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.19 (_anapaest meter_), compare below with 1, 4th c.AD: Libanius Sophista “Orationes” 54.74 (in _passive_ sense))]; imperative, only in middle sense in early writers, πεφύλαξο [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 797, Oracle texts cited in 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148)]; participle, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 23.343, etc.)]
A absolutely, keep watch and ward, keep guard, especially by night, ἀνίη καὶ τὸ φυλάσσειν πάννυχον ἐγρήσσοντα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 20.52; οὐδ᾽ ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.312, compare 419, 421)]; εἰ μέν κ᾽ ἐν ποταμῷ δυσκηδέα νύκτα φυλάσσω [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.466, compare 22.195)]; (middle, see below c); σὺν κυσὶ.. φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 12.303; αὐτοῦ φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 243; τὴν μὲν ἡμέραν κατὰ διαδοχὴν φ. τὴν δὲ νύκτα καὶ ξύμπαντες 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.28; ἐφύλαττον περὶ τὰ βασίλεια 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 7.5.68; οἱ φυλάττοντες 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 10.34)]; φ. τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις keep watch for.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.53; κατὰ θάλατταν ἐφύλαττεν ὅπως μηδὲν εἰσπλέοι 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 2.4.29)]; φ. ἕως.. watch or wait till.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.15)]; φ. πηνίκα.. [NT+5th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.308: with _accusative_ _cognate_, φυλακὰς φ. 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.6.10, NT.Luke.2.8.)]
A.2 to be on one's guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Andocides Orator 1.135.)]
B transitive, watch, guard, defend, ἀθανάτων ὅστις σε φυλάσσει [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 15.35, compare 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.417, +others)]; σύας, μῆλα, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 17.593, 12.136; τὴν ἑωυτῶν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.46; πόλιν φ. 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Septem contra Thebas” 136 (Lyric poetry), “IG” 12.108.46; πύλας 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Andromache” 950; σε φυλάττοι Ζεύς 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Equites” 499 (_anapaest meter_); βρέτας ἧσαι φυλάσσων 4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Eumenides” 440)]; φ. τινὰ ἀπὸ τῶν δυσχωριῶν guard one from.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 1.4.7 (but τὴν γραῦν φ. ἀπὸ τῶν κεραμίων)] keep away from.., [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Σαμία” 87))]: with accusative et infinitive, τοὐμὸν φυλάξει ὀ ὄνομα μὴ πάσχειν κακῶς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 667; ὁ νόμος φ. μὴ ἅπτεσθαι 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 838b; φ. μηδένα περαιοῦσθαι 5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.17; φ. τὸ μηδὲν ἐναντίον γενέσθαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.313)]: followed by a relative clause, φ. ἑαυτὸν ὅπως μὴ ἀδικήσει [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Gorgias” 480a; φύλαττέ με μὴ παρακρούσωμαί σε [prev. author] “Cra.” 393c)]; φ. τινά, εἰ.. [Refs ([prev. author] “Smp.” 220d)]:—passive, to be watched, kept under guard, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 3.45, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 6.4.27.)]
B.2 watch for, lie in wait or ambush for, αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 4.670; νόστον φ. 8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 2.251)]; φ. τὸ σύμβολον look out for the signal-fire, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Agamemnon” 8; τοὺς πολεμίους 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Respublica Lacedaemoniorum” 12.2; φ. τοὺς παράνομα γράφοντας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 58.34)]; keep a watch on, [τινα] [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 1.6; τοὺς παραβαίνοντας 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Politica” 1289a19.)]
B.2.b especially watch, wait for, observe an appointed time or a fixed event, τὴν κνρίην τῶν ἡμερέων [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.48; φ. τὴν ἡμέραν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 6.37)]; φυλάξαντες νύκτα wait for night, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 2.3; φυλάσσουσι γραφόμενοι τὸ ἀποβαῖνον 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 2.82; τοὺς ἐτησίας 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 4.31)]: with a participle added, δείλην ὀψίην γινομένην φυλάξαντες [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 8.9: φ. Ξέρξην.. δεῖπνον προτιθέμενον [prev. author] 9.110)]; ἀριστοποιουμένους φ. τοὺς στρατιώτας
D [Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.165: followed by a _relative_ clause, φ. ὅ τι χρήσεται.. 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 5.12.)]
D.3 metaphorically, preserve, maintain, cherish, [χόλον] [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 16.30; αἰδῶ καὶ φιλότητα 24.111; ὅρκια 3.280)]; φ. ἔπος observe a command,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (16.686; φ. ῥῆμα 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “I.” 2.9; τελετάς [prev. author] “O.” 3.41; νόμον 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Trachiniae” 616; τοὺς νόμους 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Politicus” 292a, compare “Grg.” 461d, etc.; τὸ σὸν πιστόν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 626; τὰς συνθήκας 5th-6th c.BC: Isocrates Orator 17.20; τὰ τοῦ γάμου δίκαια “POxy.” 905.9 (2nd c.AD))]; λόγον πρός τινα [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (“PFlor.” 56.21 (3rd c.AD, _passive_))]; φ. σιγήν [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 542)]; οὐ γὰρ ἀπειλὰς ὑμετέρας ἐφύλαξα I regarded not your threats, [Refs 3rd c.BC+ (3rd c.BC: Callimachus Epicus “Hymnus in Delum” 204)]; φ. σκαιοσύναν cling to it, foster it, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 1213 (Lyric poetry); ἄξια ἤθη 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Ion” 736; φ. τῇ μνήμῃ τὰ λεχθέντα 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Leges” 783c)]; φ. τὸν θυμόν[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 867a; τὴν τιμωρίαν 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 21.40; φ. καὶ ταμιεύειν πάντα τινί 5th c.BC: Lysias Orator 19.40; τὸ μέρος τοῖς θεοῖς 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 5.3.4)]; τἀγαθά, opposed to κτήσασθαι, [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 1.23; μᾶλα ἐν κόλποισι 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 2.120, compare 7.64; εἰ μὴ φυλάσσεις μίκρ᾽, ἀπολεῖς τὰ μείζονα 4th-3rd c.BC: Menander Comicus “Μονόστιχοι - Fragmenta Comicorum Graecorum” 172; ἀθάνατον ἔχθραν μὴ φύλαττε [prev. work] 4)]: with a predicate added, φ. τινά δεδεμένον [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 5.47; ἀδέκαστον φ. τὴν διάνοιαν 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis “de Thucydide” 34; ἀκύμααντον τὸ πέλαγος 2nd c.AD: Lucianus Sophista “DMar.” 5.1:)] —passive, ὅσος παρ᾽ ὑμῖν ὁ φθόνος φυλάττεται is fostered by.., [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Tyrannus” 382.)]
D.4 keep in a place, continue in, τόδε δῶμα φυλάσσοις, ἀθάνατός τ᾽ εἴης [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Odyssea Homerus Epicus “Odyssey” 5.208.)]
D.5 notice, observe, Ath. [prev. cited]
D.6 maintain, hold fast to a view, τινὰ σπουδαῖον εἶναι [Refs 3rd c.AD+ (3rd c.AD: Plotinus Philosophus 1.4.9.)]
D.7 with accusative, beware of, avoid, ἅπαντα ταῦτα φυλάττειν κελεύει [Refs 2nd c.AD+ (2nd c.AD: Galenus Medicus 18(2).791.)]
D.8 φ. μὴ with subjunctive, take care lest.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Aulidensis” 145 (_anapaest meter_), 5th-6th c.BC: Plato Philosophus “Theaetetus” 154d)]; φ. ἐμὲ καὶ τηρεῖν ὅπως μή.. [Refs 4th c.BC+ (4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.276.)]
D.9 middle, φυλάξασθε τοῦ ἀγαπᾶν Κύριον be careful to.., [LXX (LXX.Josh.23.11.)]
C middle,
C.I absolutely, to be on one's guard, keep watch, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 769; used by 8th c.BC: Homerus Epicus)] only in participle, νύκτα φυλασσομένοισι [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th c.BC: Ilias Homerus Epicus “Illiad” 10.188)]; πεφυλαγμένος εἶναι to be cautious, prudent,[Refs 5th c.BC+ (23.343, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Historia Graeca (Hellenica)” 7.5.9; φυλαττομένους πορεύεσθαι)]with caution, [Refs ([prev. author] “Cyr.” 5.2.30, compare “Cyn.” 10.10.)]
C.I.2 with accusative, keep a thing by one, bear it in mind or memory, [Refs 8th c.BC+ (8th-7th c.BC: Hesiodus Epicus “Opera et Dies” 263, 561)]; more fully, ἐν θυμῷ δ᾽ εὖ πάντα φυλάσσεο[Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. work] 491; φρεσί “hymnus ad Apollinem” 544, compare 5th c.BC: Pindarus Lyricus “O.” 7.40; τὰ λελεγμένα 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Electra” 1012.)]
C.I.3 guard, keep safe, καὶ κεφαλὴν πεφύλαξο Oracle texts cited in [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.148.)]
C.I.4 with genitive, φυλάσσεσθαι τῶν νεῶν μὴ ξυντρίψωσιν act cautiously with regard to the ships, [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 4.11)]; beware of, τῶν εὖ φύλαξαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Oedipus Coloneus” 161 (Lyric poetry); Ἄρκτοι πεφυλαγμέναι ὠκεανοῖο 4th-3rd c.BC: Aratus Epicus 48; πεφύλαξο παντοίων ἀνέμων [prev. author] 930.)]
C.II φυλάσσεσθαί τι or τινα to beware of, be on one's guard against, avoid a thing or person, [Refs 7th c.BC+ (7th-6th c.BC: Sappho Lyrica 27, etc.: ταῦτα 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, 7.130, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ranae” 4)]; τινας [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 715, 804; τοὺς Ἀτρείδας εἰσορῶν φυλάξομαι 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Philoctetes” 455; τέττιξ ποιμένας.. πεφυλαγμένος 3rd c.BC: Theocritus Poeta Bucolicus 16.95.)]
C.II.b ἐφυλαξάμην διαλέκτους I put in as a precaution 'except in dialects', [Refs (Hdn.Gr. 2.932.)]
C.II.2 φ. πρός τι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Thucydides Historicus 7.69; ἀπό τινος 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Institutio Cyri (Cyropaedia)” 2.3.9, “HG” 7.2.10.)]
C.II.3 with infinitive, φυλάξομαι δὲ τάσδε μεμνῆσθαι.. ἐφετμάς [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Supplices” 205, compare 1st c.BC(?): Ocellus Lucanus Philosophus 4.13; φ. μηδὲν ἐξαμαρτεῖν 5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 1.108, compare 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 25.11; φ. μηδένα βαλεῖν 5th c.BC: Antipho Orator 3.4.7)]; but also without μή, ἵνα.. τις ὕστερον φυλάσσηται ἐπὶ γῆν τὴν σὴν στρατεύεσθαι [Refs 5th c.BC+ (5th c.BC: Herodotus Historicus 7.5; φ. τὸ λυπῆσαι 4th c.BC: Demosthenes Orator 18.258; φ. ὁρᾶσθαι 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Historia Animalium” 611a28, compare 1st c.BC: Dionysius Halicarnassensis 1.70; λέγειν 4th c.BC: Aristoteles Philosophus “Rhetorica ad Alexandrum” 1441b20:—two constructions joined, δισσὰ γὰρ φυλάσσεται [ψυχή], φίλων τε μέμψιν κἀς θεοὺς ἁμαρτάνειν 5th c.BC: Sophocles Tragicus “Fragmenta” 472.)]
C.II.4 φ. μή followed by subjunctive, take care lest.., τούτου φυλάσσου μή ποτ᾽ ἀχθεσθῇ κέαρ [Refs 5th c.BC+ (4th-5th c.BC: Aeschylus Tragicus “Prometheus Vinctus” 392, compare “Supp.” 498, 5th c.BC: Euripides Tragicus “Iphigenia Taurica” 67, 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Acharnenses” 257, 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Anabasis” 2.2.16, etc.)]; so φ. ὅπως μή.. [Refs 5th c.BC+ ([prev. author] “Mem.” 1.2.37; ἃς ἐγὼ φυλάξομαι.. μὴ κατουρήσωσί μου 5th-6th c.BC: Aristophanes Comicus “Ecclesiazusae” 831, compare 5th-6th c.BC: Xenophon Historicus “Memorabilia” 2.2.14.)]