Stripped
Easton’s Bible Dictionary & Webster’s 1828 Dictionary · Matthew George Easton, Noah Webster
Stripped - (Webster's 1828 Dictionary)
STRIPPED, pp. Pulled or torn off; peeled; skinned; deprived; divested; made naked; impoverished; husked, as maiz.
Source of the article
Matthew George Easton, Easton’s Bible Dictionary; Noah Webster, American Dictionary of the English Language (1828)
Bible Strong combined digital edition