Rashi on TanakhPsalms 30

A song of dedication of the House which the Levites will say at the dedication of the House in the days of Solomon.

I will exalt You, O Lord, for You have raised me up Heb. דליתני, You have lifted me on high.

and You have not allowed my enemies to rejoice over me Heb. לי, like עלי, over me, for they would say, “David has no share in the world to come,” but when they saw that the doors opened for the Ark because of me, then they knew that the Holy One, blessed be He, had forgiven me for that sin, and the faces of David’s enemies became as black as the bottom of a pot.

and You have healed me That is the forgiving of iniquity, as (in Isa. 6:10), “and he repent and be healed.”

from my descent into the Pit, etc. Heb. מירדי, like מִיְרִדָתִי, from my descent into the Pit, that I should not descend into Gehinnom.

Sing to the Lord, His pious ones about what He did for me, because you can take refuge in Him, and He will benefit you; and even if you are experiencing pain, have no fear.

For...but a moment [For] His wrath lasts but a short [moment];

life results from His favor, there is long life in appeasing and placating Him.

And I said in my tranquility In my tranquility, I thought that I would never falter. However, the matter is not in my power, but in the power of the Holy One, blessed be He. With His will, He set up my mountain, my greatness to be [my] mightbut when He hid His countenance from me, I was immediately frightened.

To You, O Lord, I would call I would call to You and supplicate constantly, saying before You: “What gain is there in my blood, etc.,” and You heard my voice and turned my lament into dancing for me.

You loosened Heb. פתחת, alachas in Old French, to release, like (Gen. 24:32): “and he untied (ויפתח) the camels.” Our Sages, however, explained the entire psalm as referring to Mordecai, Esther, and Haman, in Pesikta Zuta.

and I said in my tranquility Haman said this. To You, O Lord, I would call Esther said this etc. until “be my helper.” You turned my lament into dancing for me Mordecai and all Israel said this.