Matthew Henry’s Modern English CommentaryPsalms 4

Worship and Trust in GodThis psalm was written by David and given to the chief musician to be sung in worship. In David’s time, music in worship was carefully organized, with different groups of singers and musicians playing various instruments (1 Chronicles 25:1-31 ). This psalm was meant to be sung with stringed instruments (Habakkuk 3:19 ). Back then, only the musicians would sing, but now all Christians are encouraged to sing praises to God (Ephesians 5:19; Colossians 3:16 ). What matters most is that our praise comes from the heart, not just from music or talent.v. 1: David begins by praying to God. He says, Hear me when I call, O God of my righteousness! You have relieved me when I was in distress; have mercy on me, and hear my prayer . David trusts that God listens to him, not because he deserves it, but because of God’s mercy. He remembers how God helped him before when he was in trouble. This gives him hope that God will help him again. When people judge us wrongly, God knows the truth and supports our cause. Past answers to prayer can encourage us to trust God in new problems.

v. 2: David talks to the people who are against him. He asks, How long, O sons of men, will you turn my glory to shame? How long will you love worthlessness and seek falsehood? He tells them they are wasting their lives by believing lies and chasing things that do not last. They are dishonoring God by not following Him. People who ignore God’s commands and live only for this world are loving vanity—they are choosing things that will not make them truly happy (Romans 1:23 ). God is asking them, "How long will you continue like this?" (Jeremiah 13:27 ).

v. 3: David explains that God takes special care of those who belong to Him. He says, But know that the Lord

v. 4: David warns his listeners not to sin. He says, Be angry, and do not sin. Meditate within your heart on your bed, and be still . The apostle Paul also uses this advice (Ephesians 4:26 ). David teaches that a good way to avoid sin is to respect God and think carefully before acting. At night, before sleeping, we should think about what we have done and ask ourselves if we have done wrong. Being quiet and calm helps us to listen to our conscience and to God (Psalm 63:6 ).

v. 5: David encourages everyone to do what is right. He says, Offer the sacrifices of righteousness, and put your trust in the Lord

The Good Man's DesireThis section compares the wishes of worldly people with the desires of those who love God. Many people only want material things, like food and wealth, but David and the godly people desire God’s presence and favor above all else. True happiness does not come from things we can see but from God’s love, which brings deep, lasting joy. This is what sets believers apart—they seek God’s blessing, not just earthly success. They also find peace and safety in trusting God, no matter what happens.v. 6: David talks about the attitude of many people. They say, Who will show us any good? These people are looking for happiness in things they can see and touch, like wealth or pleasure. They ask who can make them happy, but they do not look to God, who is the only one who can truly bless them. They only care about present, visible things, not about the spiritual good that God gives (2 Corinthians 4:18 ). They are not searching for the greatest good—knowing God—but are satisfied with just “any good.”

v. 7: In contrast, David says to God, You have put gladness in my heart, more than in the season that their grain and wine increased . David and his friends are different from the world. They find joy not in possessions, but in God’s kindness. When God shows them His favor, it fills their hearts with a deep happiness that is greater than the happiness of people who have lots of food and drink. True joy is a gift from God and is greater than any joy the world can offer (John 14:27 ). Even in times of trouble, God’s people are glad because they know He loves them.

v. 8: David ends by saying, I will both lie down in peace, and sleep; for You alone, O Lord