Tyndale Open Study NotesProverbs 23

This section is attributed to a group known as the wise, but their identity is unknown. There is a mention of thirty sayings (Proverbs 22:20). The wisdom sayings that follow can be divided into thirty sections. These sections are similar to an Egyptian work called the Instruction of Amenemope, which is also divided into thirty chapters.

Saying 6: Many proverbs advise young men in government jobs. A ruler's rich food might tempt a newcomer to overeat due to lack of self-control. But he will be at risk when full.

Saying 7: Wealth can be a blessing from God (Proverbs 3:9–10, 15–16; 10:22), but some things in life matter more.

Proverbs highly values generosity (Proverbs 11:24–26; 21:13; 22:9).

Saying 9: Fools do not listen to advice (compare Proverbs 9:7–12; 10:18), so wise people do not waste their words (see Matthew 7:6).

• Saying 10: Wise people avoid unfair business practices and illegitimate gains (see Proverbs 22:28), knowing that the Lord will judge wrongdoing.

• Redeemer: The New Living Translation is likely correct in capitalizing the word Redeemer and identifying it with God, although it might refer to a human redeemer.

Saying 11: Listen carefully: Learning helps you improve (see Proverbs 10:17; 13:1, 10; 15:24, 31–32; 17:10; 19:24).

Saying 12: Refer to Proverbs 19:18; 29:17.

Saying 13: A wise parent feels joy when their child is wise (see Proverbs 10:1).

Saying 14: Sometimes sinners succeed, but the wise know that fearing the Lord brings true rewards (see Proverbs 1:7).

Saying 15: Discipline is essential for a wise and balanced life. Drinking too much (drunkards, see also Proverbs 23:29–35), overeating (gluttons, see also Proverbs 23:1–3), or oversleeping (see also Proverbs 10:5; 19:15) leads to poverty.

Saying 16: This saying encourages seeking the wisdom that both a godly father and mother offer. Unlike other ancient Near East wisdom texts, Proverbs credits wisdom to both parents (Proverbs 1:8; 6:20).

Saying 17: Falling for a promiscuous woman is a trap, not a benefit. Proverbs often warns against sexual relations outside of marriage (see Proverbs 5; 6:20–35; 7:1–27).

Saying 18: This saying highlights the foolishness of someone who drinks too much alcohol (see Proverbs 20:1).